Mahmut Yıldırım
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Mahmut Yıldırım (born 3 May 1953) is a Turkish
counter-guerrilla Counter-Guerrilla () is a Turkish branch of Operation Gladio, a clandestine stay-behind Anti-communism, anti-communist initiative backed by the United States as an expression of the Truman Doctrine. The founding goal of the operation was to erect ...
and spy of
Zaza Zaza may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Zaza (play), ''Zaza'' (play), written by French playwrights Pierre Berton and Charles Simon * Zaza (1915 film), ''Zaza'' (1915 film), a film directed by Edwin S. Porter * Zaza (1923 film), ''Zaza'' (1 ...
origin. Yildirim, who identified himself to the public as Ahmet Demir but was called by the code-name ''YeÅŸil'' among intelligence, disappeared in 1998.''
Sabah Sabah () is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia located in northern Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia. Sabah has land borders with the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the southwest and Indonesia's North Kalima ...
'', 7 January 2012
Yeşil yaşıyor?
/ref> In 1999, he was the subject of an
Interpol The International Criminal Police Organization – INTERPOL (abbreviated as ICPO–INTERPOL), commonly known as Interpol ( , ; stylized in allcaps), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and crime cont ...
red notice. In 2013, security guard
Korkut Eken Korkut Eken (born 1945) is a former Turkish military officer and National Intelligence Organization (MİT) agent. He became involved in the Susurluk scandal in Turkey after some of his subordinates, notably Ayhan Çarkın, were convicted of extraj ...
claimed that he was still alive. Among the murders he is accused of is that of
Cem Ersever Ahmet Cem Ersever (1950 – 4 November 1993) was a commander in the Turkish Gendarmerie, and said to be one of the founders of the Gendarmerie's JITEM intelligence unit. He was assassinated in November 1993. is a retired Turkish brigadier-genera ...
in 1993.


Investigation

According to former
National Intelligence Organization loction 39°54'25.0"N 32°39'59.3"E The National Intelligence Organization (), also known by its Turkish language, Turkish initials MIT or MİT, or colloquially as the Organization (), is an intelligence agency of the Turkish government tasked ...
(MİT) official
Mehmet Eymür Mehmet Eymür (5 September 1943 – 13 January 2024) was a Turkish intelligence official. In 1995–1996 he led the counter-terrorism department of the National Intelligence Organization (MIT), which he joined as a student in 1965 as a "pursuit of ...
(speaking in 2011), ''Yeşil'' at one time worked for the MİT in
Elazığ Elazığ () is a city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, and the administrative centre of Elazığ Province and Elazığ District. Founded in and around the former city of Harput, it is located in the uppermost Euphrates valley. The plai ...
, but was later let go as he was "out of control." Eymür said that ''Yeşil'' later worked with the
Turkish Gendarmerie The Gendarmerie General Command () is the national gendarmerie force of the Republic of Turkey. It is a service branch of the Turkish Ministry of Interior responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdi ...
's shadowy
JİTEM Jandarma İstihbarat ve Terörle Mücadele or Jandarma İstihbarat Teşkilatı (abbr. ''JİTEM'' or ''JİT''; English: "Gendarmerie Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism" or "Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization") is the intelligence department of ...
unit until 1995, and "was given identification cards. Some of his cards even included the title of the 'Prime Ministry Intelligence'.". Eymür said that by 1995 ''Yeşil'' had again gotten "out of control" and was moved to Ankara, where he was introduced to Eymür (then head of the MİT's Counter-Terrorism Department), with Eymür unaware of ''Yeşil'''s status as a wanted criminal. Eymür said he used ''Yeşil'' in several operations, but only outside Turkey, and that he was never formally an agent. In 2012, the MİT told prosecutors (in a document leaked to the press) that it had used Yıldırım in four operations, including the one which captured
Kurdistan Workers' Party The Kurdistan Workers' Party, or the PKK, isDespite the PKK's 12th Congress announcing plans for total organisational dissolution, the PKK has not yet been dissolved de facto or de jure. a Kurds, Kurdish militant political organization and armed ...
(PKK) commander Şemdin Sakık in 1998. MIT later denied that Yıldırım was an MİT agent, and said it had never used Yıldırım inside Turkey. In 2006 Mehmet Ali Birand said that
JİTEM Jandarma İstihbarat ve Terörle Mücadele or Jandarma İstihbarat Teşkilatı (abbr. ''JİTEM'' or ''JİT''; English: "Gendarmerie Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism" or "Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization") is the intelligence department of ...
had asked Yıldırım to assassinate him, but that the operation was later cancelled after Yıldırım had already investigated Birand's home security. Birand said that MİT chief Şenkal Atasagun was one of those who had told him of this episode. According to mob boss Sedat Peker speaking in 2011, MİT official
Tarık Ümit Tarık Ümit (22 April 1947 in Düzce – 3 March 1995 in Marmaris) was a Turkish intelligence official in the National Intelligence Organization (MIT). He was kidnapped and murdered in March 1995. Career After his father died, Ümit went to live ...
was "kidnapped in retaliation for Yeşil having kidnapped two Iranian drug dealers ranian spies Lazım Esmaeili and Askar Simitko">Lazım_Esmaeili.html" ;"title="ranian spies Lazım Esmaeili">ranian spies Lazım Esmaeili and Askar Simitko, abducted January 1995] in İstanbul at the time." Ergenekon (organization), Ergenekon suspect Semih Tufan Gülaltay says Eymür introduced him to Yeşil. Mahmut Yıldırım's son, Murat Yıldırım, published a book about him, ''Yeşil: Savaşçı'' ("Green: The Fighter"; Timas Publishing Group, 2009).


Trial

Yıldırım was one of four people charged by a Diyarbakır court in 2013 with the 1992 murder of
Musa Anter Musa Anter (1920 – 20 September 1992), also known as "Apê Musa" (, literally "Uncle Musa"), was a Kurdish writer, journalist and intellectual. Anter was assassinated by Turkish JITEM in September 1992. Early life and education He was born i ...
, with Yıldırım tried ''in absentia''.
Today's Zaman ''Today's Zaman'' (Zaman is Turkish for 'time' or 'age') was an English-language daily newspaper based in Turkey. Established on 17 January 2007, it was the English-language edition of the Turkish daily '' Zaman.'' ''Today's Zaman'' included dom ...
, 9 October 2013
JİTEM list provided in Anter murder trial to be kept confidential


Popular culture

Valley of the Wolves (TV series)
Hakan Boyav Hakan Boyav (born 10 January 1964) is a Turkish actor. He has participated in many serials and is also a theater director who has participated in many plays, films and series. Theatre As director * At: Julius Gyula Hay - Istanbul State The ...
's characters Kara (Mazhar Yıldıran) original life of Yeşil Mahmut Yıldırım.


See also

*
List of fugitives from justice who disappeared This is a list of fugitives from justice, notable people who disappeared or evaded capture while being sought by law enforcement agencies in connection with a crime, and who are currently sought or were sought for the duration of their presumed ...


Books

* Murat Yıldırım (2009), ''Yeşil: savaşçı'', Timas Publishing Group * Hakantürk (2006), ''Yeşil öldü mü?'', Akademi TV * Çetin Ağaşe (2006), ''Kod adı yeşil'', Truva Yayinlari


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yildirim, Mahmut 1951 births Contract killers Fugitives wanted by Turkey JİTEM personnel Living people Missing person cases in Syria People from Solhan, Bingöl Turkish assassins Turkish criminals Zaza people Turkish nationalists