Magnolia is an

unincorporated community An unincorporated area is a parcel of land that is not governed by a local general-purpose municipal corporation. (At p. 178.) They may be governed or serviced by an encompassing unit (such as a county) or another branch of the state (such as th ...

northeast of Paw Paw in Morgan County in the

U.S. state In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its so ...

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

on the

Potomac River The Potomac River () is in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States and flows from the Potomac Highlands in West Virginia to Chesapeake Bay in Maryland. It is long,U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography D ...

. Magnolia is located along the

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was the oldest railroads in North America, oldest railroad in the United States and the first steam engine, steam-operated common carrier. Construction of the line began in 1828, and it operated as B&O from 1830 ...

mainline and east of where the

Western Maryland Railway The Western Maryland Railway was a small American Class I railroad (1852–1983) that operated in 3 Southern United States, Southern US States, Maryland (Western Maryland, Western Region), West Virginia (Potomac Highlands of West Virginia, Easte ...

crosses the Potomac, bypassing a series of bends in the river. As a depot and water station on the B&O, Magnolia has been known by a number of names including Magnolia Dale, Magnolia Vale, and sometimes as Water Station Number 12 on the

railroad Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in railway track, tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel railway track, rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of ...

Origins

The name Magnolia, as passed down from oral tradition, was a combination of Timothy Norton's two daughters Maggie and Nora. The addition of the names yielded Magnora and was modified to Magnolia. Timothy Norton was an early resident of the town and worked for the railroad. It is believed that the hamlet came into being because of the

(B&O Railroad). The railroad opened a line from

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

Cumberland Cumberland ( ) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish ...

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

following the Potomac River in 1842. There were many servicing facilities along the right-of-way for steam engines. One of these facilities was Water Station Number 12 which later became Magnolia. Magnolia1906-1910

United States Civil War

In the spring of 1862, during the

United States Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded ...

, Company E of the Union Army's

54th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment The 54th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment which served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. History The 54th was recruited during August and September 1861. The companies were from the following counties: * ...

guarded Water Station Number 12 (later Magnolia) against Confederate raids on the B&O Railroad and its environs.

Construction of the B&O Cutoff

File:MagnoliaConstruction2.jpg, B&O Tower at Magnolia File:MagnoliaConstruction3.jpg, Nearing completion of the B&O bridge across the Potomac File:MagnoliaConstruction1.jpg, Construction of the Piers at Magnolia

Second Construction Site for the Baltimore & Ohio

During 1910 to 1914 Magnolia was one of two staging points for construction of the Magnolia Cutoff. The cutoff provided a surplus of jobs in the area which resulted in growth for this small town. The town of Magnolia lent its name to this new shorter route through the mountains. As may be seen in the pictures, the railroad scaled above the town of Magnolia, effectively cutting it off from the railroad. The low line route of the B&O was still used for passenger traffic and did so many years after the construction.

Amenities During Construction

Construction of the Magnolia Cutoff was partially based at Magnolia. Magnolia boasted a large power plant with two boilers and two direct current generators that were capable of producing 200 kilowatts. This power was used for the two sawmills, lighting, and a forging blacksmith shop. A construction camp was also assembled in town.

Railroad Bridge

The new railroad bridge towers over Magnolia at a elevation. The bridge has six , three , and two deck plate girder spans. At a length of about long with 10 reinforced concrete piers, this is the smaller of the two bridges built for the Magnolia Cutoff.

Modern Magnolia

1950s

After the construction was complete, jobs in the area were scarce. Later, the Flood of 1936 would devastate the area and the demise of passenger service brought the demise of Magnolia as a town. Buildings were left vacant and the railroad would desert its Water Station Number 12. In these photos, we can see a period when both rail routes existed.

Current Day

Today there are little traces that Magnolia was once a place of such activity. The low line along the Potomac has been removed and is only a path. Only a few private homes remain in this small village, and the clearings under the bridge often used as campsites are privately owned. Trespassing within them is not advised.

Schools

The community had its own school, Magnolia School, until it was closed in 1952, in favor of sending students from the Magnolia area to attend the schools in Paw Paw.

Post office

Magnolia also had its own

post office A post office is a public facility and a retailer that provides mail services, such as accepting letter (message), letters and parcel (package), parcels, providing post office boxes, and selling postage stamps, packaging, and stationery. Post o ...

in operation from 1867 to 1868 as Magnolia Vale, and then again in 1871 to 1943 as Magnolia, when it too was closed and the residents of Magnolia were assigned Paw Paw addresses.

Notable people

Amelita Ward Amelita Ward (July 17, 1923 – April 26, 1987) was an American film actress. She played supporting roles in over 20 films between 1943 and 1949, generally in B Pictures such as '' Gangway for Tomorrow'' and '' The Falcon in Danger'' (1943). Sh ...

, actress, was born in Magnolia.

Directions

Magnolia can be accessed by way of Magnolia Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 12). On the B&O, it is located between Paw Paw to the southwest and

Jerome Jerome (; ; ; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was an early Christian presbyter, priest, Confessor of the Faith, confessor, theologian, translator, and historian; he is commonly known as Saint Jerome. He is best known ...

to the northwest.

References

* {{authority control Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Unincorporated communities in Morgan County, West Virginia Unincorporated communities in West Virginia Western Maryland Railway West Virginia populated places on the Potomac River