Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat - Project Gutenberg eText transparent

Lord Lovat ( gd, Mac Shimidh) is a title of the rank

Lord of Parliament A Lord of Parliament ( sco, Laird o Pairlament) was the holder of the lowest form of peerage, entitled as of right to take part in sessions of the pre-Union Parliament of Scotland. Since that Union in 1707, it has been the lowest rank of the P ...

in the

Peerage of Scotland The Peerage of Scotland ( gd, Moraireachd na h-Alba, sco, Peerage o Scotland) is one of the five divisions of peerages in the United Kingdom and for those peers created by the King of Scots before 1707. Following that year's Treaty of Union, ...

. It was created in 1458 for Hugh Fraser by summoning him to the Scottish Parliament as Lord Fraser of Lovat, although the holder is referred to simply as Lord Lovat. It was a separate title from the

Scottish feudal lordship A feudal lordship is a feudal title that is held ''in baroneum'', which Latin term means that its holder, who is called a feudal lord, is also always a feudal baron. A feudal lordship is an ancient title of nobility. The holder may or may not be ...

of Lovat, already held by the highland Frasers. In 1837 they were created a third title, Baron Lovat, of Lovat in the County of Inverness, in the

Peerage of the United Kingdom The Peerage of the United Kingdom is one of the five Peerages in the United Kingdom. It comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Acts of Union 1800, Acts of Union in 1801, when it replaced the ...

. The holder is separately and independently the

Chief Chief may refer to: Title or rank Military and law enforcement * Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force * Chief of police, the head of a police department * Chief of the boa ...

of the highland

Clan Fraser of Lovat Clan Fraser of Lovat ( gd, Friseal french: link=yes, Fraiser) is a Highland Scottish clan and the principal branch of Clan Fraser. The Frasers of Lovat are strongly associated with Inverness and the surrounding area since the Clan's founder gaine ...

. The first Lord Lovat was one of the hostages for

James I of Scotland James I (late July 139421 February 1437) was King of Scots from 1406 until his assassination in 1437. The youngest of three sons, he was born in Dunfermline Abbey to King Robert III and Annabella Drummond. His older brother David, Duke of Ro ...

on his return to Scotland in 1424, and in 1431 he was appointed high sheriff of the county of Inverness. The second Lord Lovat, Thomas, held the office of Justiciary of the North in the reign of

James IV of Scotland James IV (17 March 1473 – 9 September 1513) was King of Scotland from 11 June 1488 until his death at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. He inherited the throne at the age of fifteen on the death of his father, James III, at the Battle of Sauchi ...

, and died 21 October 1524. The title descended in a direct line for nine sequential generations from 1458 until the death of the ninth Lord in 1696. He was succeeded by his great-uncle, the tenth Lord. In 1697 the latter's son,

Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat (c. 1667 – 9 April 1747, London), nicknamed the Fox, was a Scottish Jacobitism, Jacobite and Scottish clan chief, Chief of Clan Fraser of Lovat, known for his feuding and changes of allegiance. In 1715, he ...

, known as Simon "the Fox", kidnapped and forcibly married the late ninth Lord's widow, the former Lady Amelia Murray, only daughter of

John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, KT (2 May 16316 May 1703) was a leading Scottish royalist and defender of the Stuarts during the English Civil War of the 1640s, until after the rise to power of William and Mary in 1689. He succeeded as 2n ...

. Lady Lovat's powerful family, the Murrays, were angered, and prosecuted Fraser, who fled the country. Fraser was convicted ''in absentia'', attainted, and sentenced to death. Fraser supported the Government against the

Jacobite rising of 1715 The Jacobite rising of 1715 ( gd, Bliadhna Sheumais ; or 'the Fifteen') was the attempt by James Edward Stuart (the Old Pretender) to regain the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland for the exiled Stuarts The House of Stuart, ori ...

and was rewarded by being pardoned for his crimes. In 1730, he won litigation to confirm his title of Lord Lovat. In 1745 Lord Lovat participated in the

Jacobite rising of 1745 The Jacobite rising of 1745, also known as the Forty-five Rebellion or simply the '45 ( gd, Bliadhna Theàrlaich, , ), was an attempt by Charles Edward Stuart to regain the Monarchy of Great Britain, British throne for his father, James Franci ...

(the ‘45) against the Crown and was sentenced to death. He was beheaded on 9 April 1747, aged 80, on

Tower Hill Tower Hill is the area surrounding the Tower of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is infamous for the public execution of high status prisoners from the late 14th to the mid 18th century. The execution site on the higher grou ...

in London, the last man to be executed in this manner. His titles were forfeit. Fraser had been created Duke of Fraser, Marquess of Beaufort, Earl of Stratherrick and Upper Tarf, Viscount of the Aird and Strathglass and Lord Lovat and Beaulieu in the Jacobite Peerage of Scotland by

James Francis Edward Stuart James Francis Edward Stuart (10 June 16881 January 1766), nicknamed the Old Pretender by Whigs, was the son of King James II and VII of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his second wife, Mary of Modena. He was Prince of Wales from ...

(titular King James III of England and VIII of Scotland) in 1740. His eldest son and namesake

General Simon Fraser of Lovat Simon Fraser of Lovat (19 October 1726 – 8 February 1782) was a son of a notorious Jacobite clan chief, but he went on to serve with distinction in the British army. He also raised forces which served in the Seven Years' War against the Fren ...

became a general in the

British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurk ...

. He obtained a full pardon but was not restored to the title. His younger brother

Archibald Campbell Fraser Archibald Campbell Fraser of Lovat, (16 August 1736 – 8 December 1815) was British consul at Tripoli and Algiers, and later colonel of the 1st Inverness local militia. Upon the death of his brother, Simon Fraser of Lovat, Simon Fraser (1726– ...

was a colonel in the Army and would have succeeded but for the attainder. On his death in 1815 the title was claimed by his kinsman Thomas Fraser, a descendant of Thomas Fraser, second son of the fourth Lord. In 1837 he was created Baron Lovat, of Lovat in the County of Inverness, in the

. The attainder of the eleventh Lord was reversed in 1854, and Thomas Fraser became the twelfth Lord Lovat. He was succeeded by his son, the thirteenth Lord, who served as

Lord Lieutenant of Inverness The Lord-Lieutenant of Inverness is the British monarch's personal representative in an area which has been defined since 1975 as consisting of the local government districts of Inverness, Badenoch and Strathspey, and Lochaber, in Scotland, and this ...

. His eldest son, the fourteenth Lord, was a soldier and politician and notably held office as

Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs The position of Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs was a British ministerial position, subordinate to that of Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, created in 1925 to deal with British relations with the Dominions – Canada, Aust ...

from 1926 to 1927. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the fifteenth Lord. He was a prominent soldier and distinguished himself during the Second World War. the titles are held by his grandson, the sixteenth Lord, who succeeded in 1994. The

Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization i ...

politician Sir Hugh Fraser was the younger son of the fourteenth Lord. Another member of the family was Sir Ian Fraser, Chairman of

Rolls-Royce Motors Rolls-Royce Motors was a British luxury car manufacturer, created in 1973 during the de-merger of the Rolls-Royce automotive business from the nationalised Rolls-Royce Limited. It produced luxury cars under the Rolls-Royce and Bentley brands. ...

. He was the son of Hon. Alastair Thomas Joseph Fraser, younger son of the thirteenth Lord. The family seats are

Beaufort Lodge Beaufort may refer to: People and titles * Beaufort (surname) * House of Beaufort, English nobility * Duke of Beaufort (England), a title in the peerage of England * Duke of Beaufort (France), a title in the French nobility Places Polar regions * ...

and Balblair House, near

Beauly Beauly ( ; ; gd, A' Mhanachainn) is a village in the Highland area, on the River Beauly, west of Inverness by the Far North railway line. The town is historically within Kilmorack Parish of the Scottish County of Inverness. The land around B ...

Inverness-shire Inverness-shire ( gd, Siorrachd Inbhir Nis) is a historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area of Scotland. Covering much of the Highlands and Outer Hebrides, it is Scotland's largest county, though one of the smallest in populatio ...

Clan Fraser of Lovat

The Lordship of Lovat has for some time been linked to the Chiefship of

. The former family seat was

Beaufort Castle Beaufort Castle can refer to several places: * Beaufort Castle, Florennes, Belgium * Beaufort Castle, France, in the historical region of Auvergne * Beaufort Castle in Huy, Belgium * Beaufort Castle, Greece, a Frankish castle in Laconia * Beaufor ...

in northern

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the ...

. The numbering of the Scottish Lordship used by Clan Fraser of Lovat differs from the legal numbering in that it ignores the attainder of 1747–1854, with the result that the 16th Lord is termed by them "18th Lord Lovat". Fraser lands 1587

Lairds of Lovat

According to John Anderson and Alexander Mackenzie

19th century historians

John Anderson John Anderson may refer to: Business *John Anderson (Scottish businessman) (1747–1820), Scottish merchant and founder of Fermoy, Ireland * John Byers Anderson (1817–1897), American educator, military officer and railroad executive, mentor of ...

, writing in 1825, and Alexander Mackenzie, writing in 1896, list the Lairds of Lovat as follows, but this is different to modern research as given by the Clan Fraser of Lovat organization. *

Simon Fraser, 1st Laird of Lovat Simon Fraser, 1st Laird of Lovat (died 1333) was the ancestor and first Scottish clan chief, chief of the Clan Fraser of Lovat which is a Scottish clan of the Scottish Highlands. He was killed in 1333 at the Battle of Halidon Hill during the Second ...

(son of Andrew Fraser and was killed at the

Battle of Halidon Hill The Battle of Halidon Hill took place on 19 July 1333 when a Scottish army under Sir Archibald Douglas attacked an English army commanded by King Edward III of England () and was heavily defeated. The year before, Edward Balliol had seized ...

in 1333) * Simon Fraser, 2nd Laird of Lovat (wounded at the Battle of Durham in 1346 and died in 1347) * Hugh Fraser, 3rd Laird of Lovat (died in 1397 and buried at

) * Alexander Fraser, 4th Laird of Lovat (succeeded in 1415).

According to James Balfour Paul

James Balfour Paul Sir James Balfour Paul (16 November 1846 – 15 September 1931) was the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the officer responsible for heraldry in Scotland, from 1890 until the end of 1926. Life Paul was born in Edinburgh, the second son of the Rev J ...

writing in 1908 in his ''

The Scots Peerage ''The Scots Peerage'' is a nine-volume book series of the Scottish nobility compiled and edited by Sir James Balfour Paul, published in Edinburgh from 1904 to 1914. The full title is ''The Scots Peerage: Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert ...

'' gives the following Fraser Lairds of Lovat before the family succeeded as Lords Lovat: *Hugh Fraser of Lovat and Kinnell (on record 1367-1410) *Alexander Fraser of Lovat (died before March 1415-16) *Hugh Fraser of Lovat (son of Hugh Fraser of Lovat and died before 20 July 1440) *Thomas Fraser of Lovat (died before 20 May 1455)

According to the modern Clan Fraser of Lovat

The modern Clan Fraser of Lovat records the Lairds of Lovat as follows: * Sir Simon Fraser (son of Andrew Fraser and was killed at the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333) *Alexander Fraser (died 1361) *Hugh Fraser, 1st Laird Lovat (died before 1410) *Hugh Fraser, Laird of Lovat (died 1440) *Thomas Fraser, Laird of Lovat (died by 1455)

Lords Fraser of Lovat (1458); Barons Lovat of Lovat (1837)

Mackenzie also records the names of the subsequent Lords Lovat differently, when compared to the accepted modern version given below. Anderson lists the same lineage as given below, but his designation of which sons actually succeeded to the title of the Lordship is different, when compared to the accepted modern version given below.

Bernard Burke Sir John Bernard Burke, (5 January 1814 – 12 December 1892) was a British genealogist and Ulster King of Arms, who helped publish ''Burke's Peerage''. Personal life Burke, of Irish descent, was born at London and was educated in London and ...

, in his 1869 ''A Genealogical And Heraldic Dictionary of The Peerage And Baronetage of The British Empire'', lists the first two Lords as Hugh Fraser, 1st Lord Lovat and Hugh Fraser, 2nd Lord Lovat with Hugh Fraser, 3rd Lord Lovat, being the same person listed as Hugh Fraser, 1st Lord Lovat in the accepted modern version given below. The Clan Fraser of Lovat organization also recognises the two sons of the 11th Lord Lovat, Simon and Archibald, as the 12th and 13th Lords Lovat respectively, ignoring the attainder for the 11th Lord having supported the

and therefore they recognize the current 16th Lord Lovat as the 18th Lord Lovat. The following is also in accordance with James Balfour Paul's 1908 volume 5 of ''The Scots Peerage'' which lists the aforementioned Simon and Archibald as the "

de jure In law and government, ''de jure'' ( ; , "by law") describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. In contrast, ("in fact") describes situations that exist in reality, even if not legally ...

" 12th and 13th Lords Lovat before reverting to Thomas Alexander Fraser, 12th Lord Lovat proper who was from the

Fraser of Strichen The Frasers of Strichen are a branch of the highland Clan Fraser of Lovat, which assumed the chiefship of the clan in the 19th century. After Archibald Campbell Fraser of Lovat, the third son of Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, died without descen ...

cadet branch. *

Hugh Fraser, 1st Lord Lovat Early life According to James Balfour Paul's 1908 volume 5 of ''The Scots Peerage'', Hugh Fraser, 1st Lord Lovat was the son of Thomas Fraser of Lovat but it is not known who Thomas's wife was. Hugh succeeded his father before May 1455 and as ...

(c.1436-1501) * Thomas Fraser, 2nd Lord Lovat (c.1461-1524) *

Hugh Fraser, 3rd Lord Lovat Hugh Fraser, 3rd Lord Lovat (c. 1494 – 15 July 1544) was a Scottish peer and Chief of Clan Fraser of Lovat from 1524 until 1544. Biography Fraser was the eldest son of Thomas Fraser, 2nd Lord Lovat (died 1524) and Janet Gordon, daughter ...

(c.1494-1544) *

Alexander Fraser, 4th Lord Lovat Alexander Fraser, 4th Lord Lovat (1527 – 1557/1558) was a Scottish peer Peer may refer to: Sociology * Peer, an equal in age, education or social class; see Peer group * Peer, a member of the peerage; related to the term "peer of the real ...

(c.1527-1557) *

Hugh Fraser, 5th Lord Lovat Hugh Fraser, 5th Lord Lovat (c. 1545–1577) was a Scottish landowner. He was the son of Alexander Fraser, 4th Lord Lovat (d. 1557) and Janet Campell, a daughter of John Campbell of Cawdor. He was known as "Red Hugh" from the colour of his hair ...

(c.1545–1577) *

Simon Fraser, 6th Lord Lovat Simon Fraser, 6th Lord Lovat (1570–1633) was a Scottish courtier and landowner. Simon Fraser was the son of Hugh Fraser, 5th Lord Lovat and Elizabeth Stewart daughter of John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl. He was born on 13 April 1570. Biog ...

(1570–1633) *

Hugh Fraser, 7th Lord Lovat Hugh Fraser, 7th Lord Lovat (1591-1645) was a Scottish landowner. Hugh Fraser was the son of Simon Fraser, 6th Lord Lovat and Katherine Mackenzie, daughter of Colin Mackenzie of Kintail. He was known as the Master of Lovat until he succeeded hi ...

(1591-1646) *

Hugh Fraser, 8th Lord Lovat Hugh may refer to: *Hugh (given name) Noblemen and clergy French * Hugh the Great (died 956), Duke of the Franks * Hugh Magnus of France (1007–1025), co-King of France under his father, Robert II * Hugh, Duke of Alsace (died 895), modern-day ...

(1643–1672) *

Hugh Fraser, 9th Lord Lovat Hugh Fraser, 9th Lord Lovat (1666-1696), was hereditary Chief of Clan Fraser of Lovat, but the period of his lordship is generally considered a troubled time for the Clan. Early life He was the son of Hugh Fraser, 8th Lord Lovat (2 May 1643/164 ...

(1666–1696) *

Thomas Fraser, 10th Lord Lovat Thomas Fraser, 10th Lord Lovat (1631–1699), was a younger son of Hugh, 7th Lord Lovat (1591–1646), hereditary chief of the Clan Fraser. He was known as Thomas of Beaufort, which marked him as the belonging to the second line of the family tr ...

(1631–1699) *

(c. 1667–1747) (lordship forfeited in 1746) * heirs but for the attainder: **

Simon Fraser of Lovat Simon Fraser of Lovat (19 October 1726 – 8 February 1782) was a son of a notorious Jacobite clan chief, but he went on to serve with distinction in the British army. He also raised forces which served in the Seven Years' War against the Fren ...

(1726–1782) **

Archibald Campbell Fraser of Lovat Archibald Campbell Fraser of Lovat, (16 August 1736 – 8 December 1815) was British consul at Tripoli and Algiers, and later colonel of the 1st Inverness local militia. Upon the death of his brother, Simon Fraser (1726–1782), Archibald becam ...

(1736–1815) *

Thomas Alexander Fraser, 12th Lord Lovat Thomas Alexander Fraser, 12th Lord Lovat and 1st Baron Lovat, KT (17 June 1802 – 28 June 1875) was a Scottish nobleman. He was the 21st Chief ''MacShimidh'' of the Clan Fraser of Lovat, succeeding the notorious Jacobite Simon Fraser, 11th L ...

, 1st Baron Lovat (1802–1875) (lordship restored in 1854; barony of Lovat created in 1837) *

Simon Fraser, 13th Lord Lovat Simon Fraser, 13th Lord Lovat and 2nd Baron Lovat (21 December 1828 – 6 September 1887) was a Scottish nobleman and soldier. He was responsible for overseeing the reconstruction of Beaufort Castle, and was the 22nd Chief of Clan Fraser of Lov ...

, 2nd Baron Lovat (1828–1887) * Simon Joseph Fraser, 14th Lord Lovat, 3rd Baron Lovat (1871–1933) * Simon Christopher Joseph Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat, 4th Baron Lovat (1911–1995) * Simon Christopher Joseph Fraser, 16th Lord Lovat, 5th Baron Lovat (b. 1977) The

heir presumptive An heir presumptive is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of an heir apparent or a new heir presumptive with a better claim to the position in question. ...

is the present holder's brother Hon. Jack Hugh Fraser, Master of Lovat (b. 1984)

Arms

References

External links

Fraser of Lovat official website
* Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Lovat Clan Bissett Clan Fraser Lordships of Parliament Noble titles created in 1458