The Lemon Range or Lemon Mountains ( da, Lemon Bjerge) is a

mountain range A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills arranged in a line and connected by high ground. A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have arise ...

King Christian IX Land King Christian IX Land ( da, Kong Christian IX Land) is a coastal area of Southeastern Greenland in Sermersooq Municipality fronting the Denmark Strait and extending through the Arctic Circle from 65°N to 70°N. History This area was named i ...

, eastern

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...

. Administratively this range is part of the

Sermersooq Sermersooq (, da, sted med meget is, lit=place of much ice) is a municipality in Greenland, formed on 1 January 2009 from five earlier, smaller municipalities. Its administrative seat is the city of Nuuk (formerly called Godthåb), the capital ...

Municipality.

History

The range was named by

Gino Watkins Henry George "Gino" Watkins FRGS (29 January 1907 – c. 20 August 1932) was a British Arctic explorer and nephew of Bolton Eyres-Monsell, 1st Viscount Monsell. Biography Born in London, he was educated at Lancing College and acquired a lov ...

after Captain

Percy Lemon Captain Percy M. Lemon (1898 – 23 October 1932) was a signal officer and British polar explorer who was awarded the Polar Medal. Biography In 1914, while still a teenager, Lemon was interned in Germany. After being released, he was not allow ...

(1898–1932) of the

Royal Corps of Signals The Royal Corps of Signals (often simply known as the Royal Signals – abbreviated to R SIGNALS or R SIGS) is one of the combat support arms of the British Army. Signals units are among the first into action, providing the battlefield communi ...

, a member of the 1930-31 British Arctic Air Route Expedition led by Watkins.Alpine Journal - The Lemon Mountains of East Greenland
/ref> Although not as high as the

Watkins Range The Watkins Range ( da, Watkins Bjerge) is Greenland's highest mountain range. It is located in King Christian IX Land, Sermersooq municipality. The range was named after British Arctic explorer Gino Watkins. History Made up entirely of nunat ...

to the east or the Lindbergh Range to the northeast, the Lemon Range has become a popular place among

climbers Climber may refer to: *Climber, a participant in the activity of climbing *Climber, general name for a vine *Climber, or climbing specialist, a road bicycle racer who can ride especially well on highly inclined roads * Climber (BEAM), a robot that ...

because it has some of the steepest rock peaks in Greenland and the quality of the

granite Granite () is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies undergro ...

is good. A number of the main summits of the range were climbed for the first time by

Chris Bonington Sir Christian John Storey Bonington, CVO, CBE, DL (born 6 August 1934) is a British mountaineer. His career has included nineteen expeditions to the Himalayas, including four to Mount Everest. Early life and expeditions Bonington's father, w ...

in the 1990s.

Geography

The Lemon Range is an up to 2,500 m high mountain massif made up of

nunatak A nunatak (from Inuit ''nunataq'') is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They are also called glacial islands. Examples are natural pyramidal peaks. ...

s. It is located among the

glaciers A glacier (; ) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires distinguishing features, such as ...

east of Courtauld Glacier which has its terminus in the Cortauld Fjord, an arm of

Kangerlussuaq Fjord, East Greenland Kangerlussuaq Fjord ( kl, Kangerlussuaq, meaning 'large fjord'; da, Stor Fjord) is a fjord in eastern Greenland. It is part of the Sermersooq municipality. The fjord was named by the East-Greenland Coast Expedition led by Georg Carl Amdrup in 1 ...

, and west of

Frederiksborg Glacier Frederiksborg Glacier ( da, Frederiksborg Gletscher) is a glacier on the east coast of the Greenland ice sheet. It is named after Frederiksborg Castle in Denmark. Administratively this glacier is part of the Sermersooq Municipality.Google Earth ...

which flows roughly southwards with its terminus in the Watkins Fjord further south. The area of the range is uninhabited.

Google Earth Google Earth is a computer program that renders a 3D computer graphics, 3D representation of Earth based primarily on satellite imagery. The program maps the Earth by superimposition, superimposing satellite images, aerial photography, and geog ...

Mountains

Actress An actor or actress is a person who portrays a Character (arts), character in a performance. The actor performs "in the flesh" in the traditional medium of the theatre or in modern media such as film, radio, and television. The analogous Greek ...

(2,514 m); highest peak at *

Beacon A beacon is an intentionally conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location. A common example is the lighthouse, which draws attention to a fixed point that can be used to navigate around obstacles or into port. More mode ...

(2,077 m) * Bidvest Peak (1,915 m) * The Castle (1,798 m) *

Chisel A chisel is a tool with a characteristically shaped cutting edge (such that wood chisels have lent part of their name to a particular grind) of blade on its end, for carving or cutting a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal by hand, stru ...

(2,300 m) *

The Citadel The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, commonly known simply as The Citadel, is a Public college, public United States senior military college, senior military college in Charleston, South Carolina. Established in 1842, it is one ...

(2,275 m) * Coxcomb (1,970 m) * Domkirkebjerget (2,458 m), peak cluster; highest peak known as 'The Cathedral'.

Ivory Tower An ivory tower is a metaphorical place—or an atmosphere—where people are happily cut off from the rest of the world in favor of their own pursuits, usually mental and esoteric ones. From the 19th century, it has been used to designate an e ...

(1,974 m) * Mejslen (2,083 m) * Mitivagkat (1,893 m) *

Muezzin The muezzin ( ar, مُؤَذِّن) is the person who proclaims the call to the daily prayer ( ṣalāt) five times a day (Fajr prayer, Zuhr prayer, Asr prayer, Maghrib prayer and Isha prayer) at a mosque. The muezzin plays an important role ...

(1,771 m) * The Needle (1,701 m) * The Pulpit (2,110 m) *

The Scalpel The Scalpel is a commercial skyscraper in London, United Kingdom. It is located on Lime Street in the City of London financial area. Originally a nickname but subsequently designated as its official name, the term "Scalpel" was coined by the '' ...

(2,161 m) * Solstice Peak (1,750 m) *

The Spire ''The Spire'' is a 1964 novel by English author William Golding. "A dark and powerful portrait of one man's will", it deals with the construction of a 404-foot-high spire loosely based on Salisbury Cathedral,Paul, Leslie. "The Spire That Stay ...

(2,260 m) * The Steeple (2,360 m) * The Vestry (2,215 m)

Glaciers

Besides the Courtauld Glacier and

that limit the range, the following glaciers lie within the boundaries of the Lemon Mountains: * Chisel Glacier * Coxcomb Glacier * Hedgehog Glacier * Porpoise Glacier * Sarah Glacier * Sidegetscher

Climate

Polar climate The polar climate regions are characterized by a lack of warm summers but with varying winters. Every month in a polar climate has an average temperature of less than . Regions with polar climate cover more than 20% of the Earth's area. Most of ...

prevails in the region. The average annual temperature in the area of the Lemon Range is -14 °C. The warmest month is July when the average temperature reaches -2 °C and the coldest is February when the temperature sinks to -22 °C.

References

{{Cite web, title=British Lemon Mountains Expedition On-line Report, url=http://www.wayupnorth.co.uk/green00/, access-date=2020-07-03, website=www.wayupnorth.co.uk

External links

American Alpine Club - Exploring Greenland's Lemon BjergeAmerican Alpine Club - North America, Greenland, Peaks in the Lindberg Bjerge; Cathedral and Other Peaks in the Lemon Bjerge
Mountain ranges of Greenland Nunataks of Greenland Sermersooq