Lý Do Độc (

chữ Hán ( , ) are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese in Vietnam, Literary Chinese (; ) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese language, Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region ...

: 李由獨; ? – ?), known in Chinese as Li Youdu (

Wade–Giles Wade–Giles ( ) is a romanization system for Mandarin Chinese. It developed from the system produced by Thomas Francis Wade during the mid-19th century, and was given completed form with Herbert Giles's '' A Chinese–English Dictionary'' ...

: ''Li Yu-tu'') was a

chieftain A tribal chief, chieftain, or headman is a leader of a tribe, tribal society or chiefdom. Tribal societies There is no definition for "tribe". The concept of tribe is a broadly applied concept, based on tribal concepts of societies of weste ...

of a tribe called ''Taohua'' and a rebel leader in Phong around mid-9th century, during the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam. Phong (modern-day

Phú Thọ Province Phú Thọ is a Provinces of Vietnam, province in Đông Bắc, northern Vietnam. Its capital is Việt Trì, which is from Hanoi and from Noi Bai International Airport, Nội Bài International Airport. The province covers an area of and, as ...

) back then was the boundary area between

Tang empire The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, c=唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and T ...

's Annan Protectorate and the kingdom of

Nanzhao Nanzhao ( zh, t=南詔, s=南诏, p=Nánzhào), also spelled Nanchao, , Yi language: ꂷꏂꌅ, ''Mashynzy'') was a dynastic kingdom that flourished in what is now southwestern China and northern Southeast Asia during the 8th and 9th centuri ...

in modern-day

Yunnan Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 47.2 million (as of 2020). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces ...

. Lý Do Độc himself commanding a local army of 6,000 and was assisted by seven "Lords of the Ravines." The Annan governor, Li Zhuo (r. 853–857) refused to entrust Lý Do Độc, unfortunately pushed Lý Do Độc into closer ties with Nanzhao, the contemporary enemy of the Tang. In 857, Lý Do Độc and his "Lords of the Ravines" submitted to Nanzhao. King Meng Shilong of Nanzhao sent a military commander to deliver a letter to Do Độc soliciting his submission. Lý Do Độc and the Lords of the Ravine accepted the offer of vassalage by the Nanzhao king. The Yunnanese commander married his niece or daughter off to Lý Do Độc's younger son, and this young man in return became a junior official of the Nanzhao court. Lý Do Độc and other disaffected mountain tribes openly sided with Nanzhao, formed a "suicide squad in white clothes" (''baiyi mengmin yun'') and teamed up with the Yunnanese forces, joined with lowland people that brought warfare to villages in the heart of the protectorate. Chaos and riots ravaged northern Vietnam until they were briefly calmed in 858 by the arrival of the new governor Wang Shi.

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* * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Ly, Do Doc Vietnamese military leaders 9th-century Vietnamese people Tang dynasty rebels