Luitpold of Znojmo (, , ; died 15 MarchThe day of deth: Z ČECHORODU, PEŠINA; ''Mars Moravicus III.3'', p. 286. and NOVOTNÝ, V.; ''České dějiny I.2'', pp. 513–515 (+ footnote 15) 1112) was a Bohemian nobleman and a member of the

Přemyslid dynasty The Přemyslid dynasty or House of Přemysl (, , ) was a Bohemian royal dynasty that reigned in the Duchy of Bohemia and later Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia (9th century–1306), as well as in parts of Poland (including Silesia ...

who was the Duke of

Znojmo Znojmo (; ) is a town in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 34,000 inhabitants. Znojmo is the historical and cultural centre of southwestern Moravia and the second most populated town in the South Moravian Region. The hi ...

Moravia Moravia ( ; ) is a historical region in the eastern Czech Republic, roughly encompassing its territory within the Danube River's drainage basin. It is one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The medieval and early ...

for twenty years, from 1092 until his death.

Family

He was the second son of Duke

Conrad I of Bohemia Conrad I of Brno (; died 6 September 1092) was the duke of Bohemia for eight months in 1092. Life He was the brother and successor of Vratislaus II (died 14 January 1092) as the third son of Bretislaus I and Judith of Schweinfurt. He di ...

(died 1092) and his consort, the Bavarian countess

Wirpirk of Tengling Wirpirk of Tengling or Virpirka, Wilburga, Hildburga was the wife of Conrad I of Bohemia and the Duchess of Bohemia in 1092. She was the daughter of Sieghard of Tengling. Wirpirk married Conrad in 1054. By his marriage she had two children: * ...

. Luitpold's father ruled the

Duchy of Bohemia The Duchy of Bohemia, also later referred to in English as the Czech Duchy, (Old Czech: ) was a monarchy and a Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, principality of the Holy Roman Empire in Central Europe during the Early Middle Ages, Early and High M ...

for only a few months before his death, having succeeded his elder brother Vratislaus II. Both had wrangled over the newly implemented

seniority Seniority is the state of being older or placed in a higher position of status relative to another individual, group, or organization. For example, one employee may be senior to another either by role or rank (such as a CEO vice a manager), or by ...

principle with their eldest brother Duke Spytihněv II: not until Spytihněv's death in 1061 and the accession of Vratislaus II to the Bohemian throne did Conrad receive his share, ruling over the Moravian lands of Znojmo and

Brno Brno ( , ; ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 403,000 inhabitants, making ...

for more than 30 years. Luitpold did not succeed his father as

Duke of Bohemia The Duchy of Bohemia was established in 870 and raised to the Kingdom of Bohemia in Golden Bull of Sicily, 1198. Several Bohemian monarchs ruled as non-hereditary kings and first gained the title in 1085. From 1004 to 1806, Bohemia was part of th ...

; according to the principle of agnatic seniority, the ducal title passed to his eldest cousin

Bretislav II Bretislaus II (; – 22 December 1100) was the duke of Bohemia from 14 September 1092 until his death in 1100. He was the eldest son of King Vratislaus II and Adelaide, daughter of Andrew I of Hungary. He was a major enemy of paganism. Life ...

, son of the late Vratislaus II. Instead, Luitpold ruled in half of

(the western part) as had his father Conrad I, though again the territory was

divided Division is one of the four basic operations of arithmetic. The other operations are addition, subtraction, and multiplication. What is being divided is called the ''dividend'', which is divided by the ''divisor'', and the result is called the ...

into two principalities: Brno and Znojmo. Luitpold was co-ruler ( diarch) of both principalities alongside his elder brother Ulrich I. All Moravian lines of the Přemyslid dynasty as a whole were systematically associated by

dynastic marriage Royal intermarriage is the practice of members of ruling dynasties marrying into other reigning families. It was more commonly done in the past as part of strategic diplomacy for national interest. Although sometimes enforced by legal requiremen ...

s with princesses of major royal and ducal dynasties, especially the

Árpád dynasty The Árpád dynasty consisted of the members of the royal House of Árpád (), also known as Árpáds (, ). They were the ruling dynasty of the Principality of Hungary in the 9th and 10th centuries and of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 130 ...

Rurik dynasty The Rurik dynasty, also known as the Rurikid or Riurikid dynasty, as well as simply Rurikids or Riurikids, was a noble lineage allegedly founded by the Varangian prince Rurik, who, according to tradition, established himself at Novgorod in the ...

Piast dynasty The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented List of Polish monarchs, Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I of Poland, Mieszko I (–992). The Poland during the Piast dynasty, Piasts' royal rule in Pol ...

Nemanjić dynasty The House of Nemanjić ( sr-Cyrl, Немањић, Немањићи; Nemanjić, Nemanjići, ) was the most prominent Serbian dynasty of Serbia in the Middle Ages. This princely, royal and imperial house produced List of Serbian monarchs, twelv ...

Vukanović dynasty The Vukanović dynasty ( sr-Cyrl, Вукановић, Vukanovići / Вукановићи), was a medieval Serbian dynasty that ruled over inner Serbia, centered in the Raška region (), during the 11th and 12th century. Several members of th ...

,Daughter Maria of Uroš I, of Rascia the

House of Babenberg The House of Babenberg was a noble dynasty of Austrian Dukes and Margraves. Descending from the Popponids and originally from Bamberg in the Duchy of Franconia (present-day Bavaria), the Babenbergs ruled the imperial Margraviate of Austria from ...

, and other dynasties of Bavarian dukes; the same was true '' vice versa''. Members of the Moravian dynasty were fully predisposed to take over the central throne (for both Bohemia and Moravia) in

Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...

, under the principles of agnatic seniority.

Domestic policy

Luitpold ruled over southern Moravia as diarch in Znojmo for 20 years, only once interrupted by the illegitimate

regency In a monarchy, a regent () is a person appointed to govern a state because the actual monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge their powers and duties, or the throne is vacant and a new monarch has not yet been dete ...

of Duke

in 1099–1100, when he and Ulrich were evicted. Both fell out with Bretislav when the duke tried to enforce the succession of his younger brother Bořivoj. He had Ulrich captured and arrested in Kladsko, while Luitpold fought against the forces of Bořivoj's father-in-law, the Babenberg margrave Leopold II of Austria. Upon Bretislav's assassination in 1100, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV confirmed the accession of Bořivoj to the Prague throne; nevertheless, Luitpold and Ulrich enforced their return to Moravia and the restoration of the Brno duchy with the help of Austrian and Bavarian armed forces as well as the indirect support of the emperor, whom the brothers visited in early February 1101 in

Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main () is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the List of cities in Germany by population, fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located in the forela ...

. After they returned, they continued to reign in the two principalities of Brno and Znojmo in certain territorial union. Henry IV gave Ulrich insignia of rank and banner (''

vexillum The ''vexillum'' (; : ''vexilla'') was a flag-like object used as a War flag, military standard by units in the Roman army. A common ''vexillum'' displayed imagery of the Aquila (Roman), Roman ''aquila'' on a reddish backdrop. Use in Roman arm ...

'') for their reign as Moravian dukes, while Luitpold's brother officially renounced all claims to the Prague throne. Luitpold himself, however, once again participated in the successful rebellion led by his Moravian cousin Svatopluk of Olomouc against Duke Bořivoj in 1107. About 1101, Luitpold and Ulrich together established the

Benedictine The Benedictines, officially the Order of Saint Benedict (, abbreviated as O.S.B. or OSB), are a mainly contemplative monastic order of the Catholic Church for men and for women who follow the Rule of Saint Benedict. Initiated in 529, th ...

abbey of

Třebíč Třebíč (; ) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 35,000 inhabitants. The beginnings of the town's history are connected with the establishment of a Benedictines, Benedictine monastery, where the castle is loca ...

and prepared its St. Procopius Church as a

mausoleum A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the burial chamber of a deceased person or people. A mausoleum without the person's remains is called a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be considered a type o ...

for the Brno-Znojmo branch of the Přemyslid dynasty, where they were both later buried. Luitpold died in 1112, whereafter his Znojmo principality passed to Ulrich.

Marriage and issue

By his marriage to Princess Ida of Babenberg, daughter of Margrave Leopold II of Austria and his consort Ida of Formbach, he had one son,

Conrad II Conrad II (, – 4 June 1039), also known as and , was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1027 until his death in 1039. The first of a succession of four Salian emperors, who reigned for one century until 1125, Conrad ruled the kingdom ...

; the other children (if any) are unknown. Conrad legitimately succeeded his father as Duke of Moravia, Prince of Znojmo from 1123 to 1128 and again from 1134 until his death about 1161.

Ancestry

Citations and notes

References

Bibliography

Primary sources

COSMAS Cosmas or Kosmas is a Greek language, Greek name (), from Ancient Greek Κοσμᾶς (Kosmâs), associated with the noun κόσμος (kósmos), meaning "Cosmos, universe", and the verb κοσμέω (to order, govern, adorn) linked to propr ...

, (Canonicus Pragensis); ''Chronica Boëmorum''. (Latin) *

COSMAS of Prague Cosmas of Prague (; ; – 21 October 1125) was a Czech priest, writer and historian. Life Between 1075 and 1081, he studied in Liège. After his return to Bohemia, he married Božetěcha with whom he had a son, named Jindřich Zdík, and remai ...

, (Canon of Prague),Translated by Lisa Wolverton (2009)
''Chronicle of the Czechs (Chronicle of Bohemias)''

The Catholic university of America Press The Catholic University of America Press, also known as CUA Press, is the publishing division of The Catholic University of America. Founded on November 14, 1939 and incorporated on July 16, 1941, the CUA Press is a long-time member of the Associ ...

. (English) * ''Constinuatio Claustroneoburgensis prima''. MHG SS IX, p. 612 (Latin)

Secondary sources

* KRZEMIEŃSKA, Barbara; MERAHAUTOVÁ, Anežka; TŘEŠTÍK, Dušan (2000). ''Moravští Přemyslovci ve Znojemské rotundě''. Praha: SetOut. 135 p.. . (in Czech) * WOLVERTON, Lisa (2001
''Hastening toward Prague''
Philadelphia,

University of Pennsylvania Press The University of Pennsylvania Press, also known as Penn Press, is a university press affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. History The press was originally incorporated with b ...

. (English) * REITINGER, Lukáš. Nekrologia kláštera Pegau. Pozapomenuté svědectví o Přemyslovcích (nejen) Kosmova věku. In: WIHODA, Martin; REITINGER, Lukáš (2010). ''Proměna středovýchodní Evropy raného a vrcholného středověku''. Brno : Matice moravská, . . pp. 373–374 (in Czech) * GROSMANNOVÁ, Dagmar (2010). ''Medieval Coinage in Moravia''.In: GALUŠKA, Luděk; MITÁČEK, Jiří; NOVOTNÁ Lea. ''Treasures of Moravia''. Brno: Moravian Museum Press. . pp. 371–374 (English) * BRETHOLZ, Berthold (1910).''Studien zu Cosmas von Prag V''. ''Die Brunner Cosmas Handschrift'', NA 35, 1910 pp. 692–702 (German) * MOLECZ, P. (2003):Die Hanthaler-Fälschungen im Lilielnfelder Nekrolog am Beispiel der Schwestern des Heiligen Leopold. Eine Beitrag zur Barocken Wischenschaftsgeschichte und Babenbergergenealogie. ''MIÖG 111'', pp. 241–284, exact 360–365. (in German) * SOMMER, Petr; TŘEŠTÍK, Dušan; ŽEMLIČKA, Josef, a kol. ''Přemyslovci. Budování českého státu''. Praha : Nakladatelství

Lidové noviny ''Lidové noviny'' (''People's News'', or ''The People's Newspaper'', ) is a daily newspaper published in Prague, the Czech Republic. It is the oldest Czech daily still in print, and a newspaper of record. It is a national news daily covering po ...

, 2009. 779 s. . * WIHODA, Martin. ''Morava v době knížecí 906–119''7. Praha : Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2010. 464 s. . * ČERNÝ, Pavel. ''Zobrazení přemyslovské genealogie v rotundě sv. Kateřiny ve Znojmě a některé aspekty její interpretace'', in: ''Znojemská rotunda ve světle vědeckého zkoumání''. pp. 78–92 (in Czech) * MĚCHUROVÁ, Zdeňka (2010). ''From the medieval history of Moravia''. In: GALUŠKA, Luděk; MITÁČEK, Jiří; NOVOTNÁ Lea. ''Treasures of Moravia''.Brno: Moravian Museum Press. . pp. 107–115 (English) * ŽEMLIČKA, Josef (2005). ''Přemyslovci. Jak žili, vládli, umírali''. Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, . 497 s. . (in Czech)

External links

The Ducal Rotunda of the Virgin Mary and St Catherine web page

{{Authority control Roman Catholic monarchs People from Moravia Přemyslid dynasty Sons of dukes 1112 deaths Year of birth unknown Znojmo

Family

Domestic policy

Marriage and issue

Ancestry

Ancestry

See also

Citations and notes

References

Bibliography

Primary sources

Secondary sources

External links