Luis Jiménez de Asúa (June 19, 1889 in

Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...

– November 16, 1970 in

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...

) was a

jurist A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyzes and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal education in law (a law degree) and often a Lawyer, legal prac ...

and Spanish

politician A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles ...

. He was vice president of the Spanish parliament and representative of that country before the

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. During the

Francoist dictatorship Francoist Spain (), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (), or Nationalist Spain () was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death i ...

he exiled himself to

Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...

. In 1962 he was named president of the Spanish Republican government in Exile.

Biography

A professor of

penal law Criminal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It proscribes conduct perceived as threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and welfare of people inclusive of one's self. Most criminal law is esta ...

at the Central University of Madrid). He was confined to the Islas Chafarinas in 1926, for his protest against the exile of

Miguel de Unamuno Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo (; ; 29 September 1864 – 31 December 1936) was a Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, professor of Greek and Classics, and later rector at the University of Salamanca. His major philosophical ...

by the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In 1931 he entered in the

Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( , PSOE ) is a Social democracy, social democratic Updated as required.The PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources: * * * * List of political parties in Spain, political party ...

(PSOE) and was made a deputy in the

Cortes Generales The (; ) are the Bicameralism, bicameral legislative chambers of Spain, consisting of the Congress of Deputies (the lower house) and the Senate of Spain, Senate (the upper house). The Congress of Deputies meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, ...

, presiding over the parliamentary commission that had been drafting the

Constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity, and commonly determines how that entity is to be governed. When these pri ...

. Director of the Institute of Penal Studies, created by Victoria Kent, he participated in the writing of the Criminal Code of 1932. Belonging to the moderate wing of the PSOE, he was elected vice president of the Cortes Generales in the 1936 Spanish general election. During the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...

he occupied diplomatic charges of the Republic in Poland and Czechoslovakia and represented Spain in the League of Nations. Once the Nationalists won the civil war, he was exiled to

in 1939, where he continued his educational career at the

National University of La Plata The National University of La Plata (, UNLP) is a national public research university located in the city of La Plata, capital of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It has over 90,000 regular students, 10,000 teaching staff, 17 departments and 10 ...

and the

National University of the Littoral The National University of the Littoral (, UNL) is a public university in Argentina. It is based in Santa Fe, Argentina, Santa Fe, the capital of Santa Fe Province. It has colleges and other academic facilities in Esperanza, Santa Fe, Esperanza ...

and the High School of Penal Law and Criminology at the

University of Buenos Aires The University of Buenos Aires (, UBA) is a public university, public research university in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is the second-oldest university in the country, and the largest university of the country by enrollment. Established in 1821 ...

until the Revolución Argentina of 1966. He directed the ''Magazine of Criminal Law and Criminology'' until his death. His ''Tratado de Derecho Penal'' in seven volumes, has been respected as a masterpieces of the matter. The Brazilian criminal lawyer Nelson Hungria has said that: He maintained a close relation with the student organization

reformists Reformism is a political tendency advocating the reform of an existing system or institution – often a political establishment , political or religion , religious establishment – as opposed to its abolition and replacement via revolution. ...

of Argentina. Among his disciples was Guillermo Estévez Boero, who would be a president of the Argentine University Federation and then national representative of the Socialist Party of Argentina. In 1962, he was appointed as

president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

of the Republic in exile, a post he held until his death in 1970 when he was succeeded by José Maldonado González.

Works

* ''El Derecho penal del porvenir'' (1916) * ''El estado de necesidad'' (1922) * ''Al servicio del Derecho penal'' * ''La teoría jurídica del delito'' (1931) * ''Psicoanálisis criminal'' (1940) Buenos Aires, Losada. * ''El criminalista'' (1941-1949, 8 vols) * ''La Constitución política de la democracia española'' (1942) * ''La ley y el delito'' (1945) * ''La Constitución de la democracia española y el problema regional'' (1946) * ''Tratado de Derecho penal'' (1949-1963, 7 vols.).

References

Offices and titles

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jimenez de Asua, Luis 1889 births 1970 deaths Politicians from Madrid Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politicians Presidents of Spain Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction) Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in Argentina Exiled Spanish politicians