Louis-Félix Henneguy (18 March 1850 – 16 January 1928) was a French

zoologist Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the structure, embryology, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems. Zoology is one ...

and

embryologist Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, ''embryon'', "the unborn, embryo"; and -λογία, ''-logia'') is the branch of animal biology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization, and development of embryos and ...

born in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

. In 1875, he received his medical doctorate from the

University of Montpellier The University of Montpellier () is a public university, public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the List of oldest universities in continuous opera ...

with a dissertation on the

physiological Physiology (; ) is the science, scientific study of function (biology), functions and mechanism (biology), mechanisms in a life, living system. As a branches of science, subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ syst ...

action of poisons, ''Étude physiologique sur l'action des poisons''. In 1883 he obtained his agrégation with ''Les lichens utiles'', a thesis on useful

lichens A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony (biology), colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among hypha, filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualism (biology), m ...

. During his career he was a professor of

comparative embryology Comparative embryology is the branch of embryology that compares and contrasts embryos of different species, showing how all animals are related. History Aristotle was the earliest person in recorded history to study embryos. Observing embryos of ...

at the

Collège de France The (), formerly known as the or as the ''Collège impérial'' founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment () in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The has been considered to be France's most ...

(1900–28), and a member of the

Académie de Médecine An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the go ...

, the

Académie d'Agriculture The Académie d'agriculture de France (, AAF) is a voluntary association aiming to contribute to the evolution of agriculture and rural life in the scientific, technical, economic, judicial, legal, social and cultural fields. It is the successor ...

and the

Académie des sciences The French Academy of Sciences (, ) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French Scientific method, scientific research. It was at the forefron ...

(1908–28). From 1894 he was director of the journal, ''Archives d'anatomie microscopique''. He is known for his extensive research of ''

phylloxera Grape phylloxera is an insect pest of grapevines worldwide, originally native to eastern North America. Grape phylloxera (''Daktulosphaira vitifoliae'' (Fitch 1855) belongs to the family Phylloxeridae, within the order Hemiptera, bugs); orig ...

'', publishing a number of papers on means of destroying its eggs during the winter (1885, 1887–88). Also he performed studies on the

natural history Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms, including animals, fungi, and plants, in their natural environment, leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study. A person who studies natural history is cal ...

of the apple blossom weevil, proposing methods for its eradication (1891). On behalf of the Marine Fisheries Advisory Committee, he did reviews involving the sale and consumption of

mussels Mussel () is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and freshwater habitats. These groups have in common a shell whose outline is elongated and asymmetrical compared with other edible clams, whic ...

throughout the year. With Hungarian

neuroanatomist Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defin ...

Mihály Lenhossék Mihály Lenhossék, named often given as Michael von Lenhossék (28 August 1863 – 26 January 1937) was a Hungarian anatomist and histologist born in Budapest. He was the son of anatomist József Lenhossék (1818–1888) and an uncle to Albert Sz ...

(1863–1937), the "Henneguy–Lenhossek theory" is named, which states the claim that mitotic

centrioles In cell biology a centriole is a cylindrical organelle composed mainly of a protein called tubulin. Centrioles are found in most eukaryotic cells, but are not present in conifers ( Pinophyta), flowering plants ( angiosperms) and most fungi, an ...

and ciliary basal

kinetosome A basal body (synonymous with basal granule, kinetosome, and in older cytological literature with blepharoplast) is a protein structure found at the base of a eukaryotic undulipodium (cilium or flagellum). The basal body was named by Theodor Wi ...

s are fundamentally the same structure. As a

taxonomist In biology, taxonomy () is the science, scientific study of naming, defining (Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxon, taxa (si ...

he circumscribed the

apicomplexan The Apicomplexa (also called Apicomplexia; single: apicomplexan) are organisms of a large phylum of mainly parasitic alveolates. Most possess a unique form of organelle structure that comprises a type of non-photosynthetic plastid called an apico ...

genus '' Rhytidocystis'', and the

protozoan Protozoa (: protozoan or protozoon; alternative plural: protozoans) are a polyphyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, that feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic debris. Historically ...

genera ''Thelohania'' and ''Fabrea''. The genus ''

Henneguya ''Henneguya'' is a genus of myxosporean parasites belonging to the family Myxobolidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe and America. Species according to GBIF (except ''H. adherens''): * '' Henneguya adherens'' Azevedo & Matos * '' ...

'' Thélohan, 1892 is named after him, as are the species ''Apherusa henneguyi'' Chevreux &

Fage Fage International S.A. ( ) is an international dairy company founded in Athens, Greece, and as of 2012 headquartered in Strassen, Luxembourg. It is one of the major dairy brands in Greece. It manufactures dairy products including milk, yogurt ...

, 1925 and ''Ectinosoma henneguyi'' Labbé, 1926. In 1903 he was appointed president of the ''

Société entomologique de France Groupe Lactalis S.A. (doing business as Lactalis) is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier S.A. Lactalis is the largest dairy p ...

''.

Written works

* ''Le Corps vitellin de Balbiani dans l’oeuf des vertébrés'' (1893)-- The body of Balbiani yolk in the egg of vertebrates.
Revue des sciences médicales en France et à l'étranger: recueil ..., Volume 42 * ''Lec¸ons sur la cellule : morphologie et reproduction'' (1896)--- Lessons on the cell: Morphology and reproduction. * ''Recherches sur le développement des poissons osseux'' (

Félix Alcan Felix Mardochée Alcan (March 18, 1841 – February 18, 1925) was a French Jewish publisher and scholar, born in Metz. He was the grandson of Gerson Lévy, author of ''Orgue et Pioutim'', and son of Moyse Alcan, a well-known publisher at Metz. ...

, Paris, 1889)-- Research on the development of

bony fishes Osteichthyes ( ; ), also known as osteichthyans or commonly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse clade of vertebrate animals that have endoskeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. They can be contrasted with the Chondrichthyes (cartila ...

. * ''Notice sur les titres et travaux scientifiques'' (1899)-- Brochure titles and scientific works. * ''Traité des méthodes techniques de l'anatomie microscopique : histologie, embryologie et zoologie'', a translation of the work of Arthur Bolles Lee (1849–1927), (O. Doin, Paris, 1887, re-edited in 1896 and in 1902). * ''Les insectes, morphologie - reproduction - embryogenie'', (1904)-- Insects; morphology, reproduction- embryology.

References

World Cat Identities
(list of publications) * Parts of this article are based on a translation of an equivalent article at the

French Wikipedia The French Wikipedia () is the French-language edition of Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia. This edition was started on 23 March 2001, two months after the official creation of Wikipedia. It has :fr:Special:Statistics, encyclopedia artic ...

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Henneguy, Louis-Felix 1850 births 1928 deaths Academic staff of the Collège de France French zoologists Presidents of the Société entomologique de France Members of the French Academy of Sciences Scientists from Paris University of Montpellier alumni