Longhai District () is a

District A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...

Zhangzhou Zhangzhou (, ) is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, China. The prefecture around the city proper comprises the southeast corner of the province, facing the Taiwan Strait and (with Quanzhou) surrounding the prefecture of Xiamen. Nam ...

, in the south of

Fujian Fujian is a provinces of China, province in East China, southeastern China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capital is Fuzhou and its largest prefe ...

province,

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

. Longhai spans an area of , and, as of 2016, it has a population of approximately 736,400.

History

Following the revocation of the sea ban (''haijin'') in the late Ming,

Yuegang Yuegang () was a seaport situated at the estuary of the Jiulong River in present-day Haicheng, Fujian, Haicheng town in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China. Known as a smuggling hub since the early Ming dynasty, Yuegang rose to prominence in the 16th century ...

(within present-day Haicheng in Longhai) became a key port for China's silver trade with

Manila Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on ...

in the

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

. It was one of Fujian's four main commercial ports. It was formed from the merger of the former Longxi (Lungki) () and Haicheng () counties on August 15, 1960.

Geography

Longhai located along the lower banks of the

Jiulong River The Jiulong River, formerly known as the Longjiang or Zhangjiang, is the largest river in southern Fujian and the second largest in the province. It has a length of and a basin of . Like all Fujianese rivers but one, it flows into the Tai ...

, with mountainous terrain in its western, southern, and northern portions, and the Xiamen Bay to its east. The city's highest point is Mount Dajian () in , which reaches in elevation. The city's lowest point is Jiujiejiao () on Wuyu Island () in

Gangwei Gangwei () is a Town (China), town in Longhai, Fujian, Longhai City, in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China (PRC). History In the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1958, Daomei () in Gangwei was one of the areas from which PLA forces shelled Kinmen County (Q ...

, which lies below sea level. Longhai has three major river basins.

Climate

Administration

Longhai's main urban area comprises . The city's executive, legislature and

judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

are located there, along with the CPC and PSB branches. Longhai administers 12

towns A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...

, 1

township A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canad ...

, 1 ethnic township, 3 township-level farms, 2 township-level tree farms, and 1 development zones.

Towns

Longhai's 12 towns are , Haicheng,

Jiaomei Jiaomei () is a Town in the portion of Longhai City north of the Jiulong River, in the municipal region of Zhangzhou, Fujian. Presidential ties Democracy icon Corazon Aquino and her son, Benigno S. Aquino III (the tenth and fifteenth President ...

, Baishui, , ,

, , , , , and .

Townships

Longhai's sole township is .

Ethnic townships

Longhai's sole ethnic township is .

Township-level farms

Longhai's 3 township-level farms are Shuangdi Overseas Chinese Farm (), Chengxi Farm (), and Longhai Seed Farm ().

Township-level tree farms

Longhai's 2 township-level tree farms are Jiulongling Tree Farm () and Linxia Tree Farm ().

Development zones

Longhai's sole development zone is the . Strictly speaking, the zone stands within the territory of one or another of the city-administered towns, townships, etc. listed above.

Demographics

As of 2016, the city has a population of 736,400, of which, 241,000 (32.7%) live in urban areas. 50.55% of the population is reported as males, and 49.45% as females. 20.05% of the population is under the age of 18, 25.50% are from ages 18 to 35, 37.70% are from ages 35–60, and 16.75% are over 60 years in age.

Economy

As of 2016, the city's

gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the total market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries. GDP is often used to measure the economic performanc ...

totaled ¥45.768 billion, and the city's economy grew 9.3% from the previous year. The mean annual disposable income of the city's urban residents totaled ¥31,621 that same year, and totaled ¥16,101 for rural residents. Companies with a presence in Longhai include Maxxis,

China National Offshore Oil Corporation China National Offshore Oil Corporation, or CNOOC Group (), is the third-largest national oil companies, national oil company in China, after CNPC (parent of PetroChina) and China Petrochemical Corporation (parent of Sinopec). The CNOOC Group ...

, King Long, Fujian Zishan Group, Haixin Group, and China Greenfresh. Longhai has a number of mineral deposits, and is home to 147 mining areas. Major minerals mined in Longhai include

granite Granite ( ) is a coarse-grained (phanerite, phaneritic) intrusive rock, intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly coo ...

tuff Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Following ejection and deposition, the ash is lithified into a solid rock. Rock that contains greater than 75% ash is considered tuff, while rock co ...

peat Peat is an accumulation of partially Decomposition, decayed vegetation or organic matter. It is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, Moorland, moors, or muskegs. ''Sphagnum'' moss, also called peat moss, is one of the most ...

feldspar Feldspar ( ; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the ''plagiocl ...

, and

kaolin Kaolinite ( ; also called kaolin) is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4. It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet of silica () linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina (). ...

. Significant amounts of mineral water is also extracted in the city.

Transportation

Longhai's only railway station is Zhangzhou Railway Station. The station is located in It is located near Hongtang Village (), in , but, as its name indicates, it is actually closer to Zhangzhou's main urban area than to Longhai's. It is the junction of two high-speed rail lines: the Longyan-Xiamen Railway (opened in June 2012) and the Xiamen-Shenzhen Railway (to open by 2013), which share their tracks from Zhangzhou to Xiamen. Railway development plans also include the construction of a 45-km-long branch line from Zhangzhou Railway Station eastward, across most of Longhai City to terminate at the in

on the southwestern shore of Xiamen Harbor, opposite

Xiamen Island Xiamen Island, alternately known as Amoy Island from its Hokkien pronunciation, is an island in southeastern Fujian, China, on the Taiwan Strait. It is administered by the People's Republic of China as the Huli and Siming urban districts of ...

(). The branch will be known as Gangwei Railway (), and will support trains running at speeds up to 120 km/h. Its opening is planned for 2013. The Zhangzhou Port tariff-free industrial export zone, is located in

Notable people

Corazon Aquino María Corazón "Cory" Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino (; January 25, 1933 – August 1, 2009) was a Filipino politician who served as the 11th president of the Philippines and the first woman president in the country, from Presidency of Corazon ...

, the 11th

President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines (, sometimes referred to as ) is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-ch ...

, traced her ancestry to the village of Hongjianwei, within Longhai. *

Lien Chan Lien Chan ( zh, t=連戰, w=, p=, poj=; born August 27, 1936) is a Taiwanese political scientist and politician. He was the chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Government from 1990 to 1993, premier of the Republic of China from 1993 to 1997, vice ...

, a prominent Taiwanese politician, traces his ancestry to Longhai.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Longhai, Fujian Cities in Fujian County-level divisions of Fujian Zhangzhou