The Loizaga–Cotegipe Treaty was a treaty of peace and borders signed in

Asunción Asunción (, ) is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay. The city stands on the eastern bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the Pilcomayo River. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the north ...

on 9 January 1872 between Paraguay and Brazil. It established the boundaries between the two countries after Paraguay's defeat in the

Paraguayan War The Paraguayan War (, , ), also known as the War of the Triple Alliance (, , ), was a South American war that lasted from 1864 to 1870. It was fought between Paraguay and the Triple Alliance of Argentina, the Empire of Brazil, and Uruguay. It wa ...

. The treaty was signed by

Carlos Loizaga Carlos Loizaga was member of the Paraguayan Triumvirate established by the occupying allied forces following the fall of Asunción from 15 August 1869 to 31 August 1870. He was a member of the Paraguayan Legion The Paraguayan Legion (), was ...

and João Maurício Vanderlei, Baron of Cotegipe. The treaty gave Brazil all the territories north of the

Apa River The Apa River (Spanish: Río Apa, Portuguese: Rio Apa) is a river of Paraguay and Brazil. It is a tributary of the Paraguay River, which in turn is a tributary of the Paraná River. It starts in the Amambai Mountains of the Brazilian state of Mat ...

that it had claimed before the war, a total of .Historical Dictionary of Paraguay
/ref> Ambiguity over the exact borderline between the two nations later led to dispute over the ownership of

Guaíra Falls The Guairá Falls () or Guaíra Falls () were a series of immense waterfalls on the Paraná River along the border between Paraguay and Brazil. The falls ceased to exist in 1982 when they were inundated by the impoundment of the Itaipu Dam reserv ...

. Despite its obligations under the

Treaty of the Triple Alliance The Treaty of the Triple Alliance was a treaty that allied the Empire of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay against Paraguay. Signed in 1865, after the outbreak of the Paraguayan War, its articles (plus a Protocol) prescribed the allies' actions bo ...

towards Argentina and Uruguay, Brazil concluded the treaty with Paraguay separately. In response, Argentina occupied

Villa Occidental Villa Hayes () is a city in Paraguay, and is the capital of Presidente Hayes Department. Name Known as "the City of the Five Names", it was eventually named in honor of Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States. Geography Villa ...

, to enforce its claims in

Gran Chaco The Gran Chaco or simply Chaco is a sparsely populated, hot and semiarid lowland tropical dry broadleaf forest natural region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided among eastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, northern Argentina, and a portion o ...

References

External links

* 1872 treaties 1872 in Brazil January 1872 Brazil–Paraguay relations Treaties of Paraguay Treaties of the Empire of Brazil 1870s in Paraguay Paraguayan War Eponymous treaties {{Brazil-hist-stub