Ljubomir S. Jovanović ( sr-cyr, Љубомир С. Јовановић, 1877–25 June 1913), known as Ljuba Čupa (Љуба Чупа), was a Serbian guerrilla fighter, member of the

Black Hand Black Hand or The Black Hand may refer to: Extortionists and underground groups * Black Hand (), 1919–1924 Mexican-American raiders of the Tierra Amarilla Land Grant * Black Hand (anarchism) (), a presumed secret, anarchist organization based ...

, soldier in the

Balkan Wars The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkans, Balkan states in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan states of Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg), Greece, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Montenegro, M ...

, and journalist. He advocated for a united state of South Slavs under the leadership of Serbia.

Life

He was born in Brezova,

Principality of Serbia The Principality of Serbia () was an autonomous, later sovereign state in the Balkans that came into existence as a result of the Serbian Revolution, which lasted between 1804 and 1817. Its creation was negotiated first through an unwritten agre ...

. He attended primary school in his hometown and high school in Belgrade. He was enrolled in law school but his studies were disrupted by his political interest. A Serbian nationalist, he participated in the March Demonstrations (1903) in Belgrade against King Aleksandar Obrenović, and was accused of being the leader of

Greater Serbia The term Greater Serbia or Great Serbia () describes the Serbian nationalist and irredentist ideology of the creation of a Serb state which would incorporate all regions of traditional significance to Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group, inclu ...

-demonstrations and an associate of the rivaling officers; he was forced to flee by boat to

Zemun Zemun ( sr-cyrl, Земун, ; ) is a Subdivisions of Belgrade, municipality in the city of Belgrade, Serbia. Zemun was a separate town that was absorbed into Belgrade in 1934. It lies on the right bank of the Danube river, upstream from downtown ...

, at the time part of the

Austro-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

. He moved to Vienna, and then returned to Serbia following the May Coup. As many nationalistic youths he was inspired by the

Serbian Chetnik Organization The Serbian Revolutionary Organization () or Serbian Chetnik Organization (Српска четничка организација / Srpska četnička organizacija) was a paramilitary revolutionary organization with the aim of liberation of Old Se ...

. In February 1905 he joined the unit of Aksentije Bacetović-Baceta and operated in the Kozjak area, participating in several operations. After the death of Baceta in 1905, he returned to Belgrade where he finished his law studies. At this time he began working in journalism. He spent some time in

Brussels Brussels, officially the Brussels-Capital Region, (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) is a Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium#Regions, region of Belgium comprising #Municipalit ...

. As a student, he was a founder and editor of the ''Slovenski jug'' magazine, and when he was unable to pay the rent for his apartment he slept in the office. In 1911, Ljuba Jovanović with two colleagues, Branko Božović and Bogdan Radenković, started a daily called ''Pijemont'' that had among its contributors well-known critics, poets, and writers, including

Jovan Skerlić Jovan Skerlić (, ; 20 August 1877 – 15 May 1914) was a Serbian writer and literary critic.''Jovan Skerlić u srpskoj književnosti 1877–1977: Zbornik radova''. Posebna izdanja, Institut za knjizevnost i umetnost, Belgrade. He is seen as o ...

Milutin Bojić Milutin Bojić ( sr-Cyrl, Милутин Бојић; – ) was a Serbian war poet, theatre critic, playwright, and soldier. A native of Belgrade, he began writing poetry at an early age and published a number of literary reviews under a p ...

Milan Rakić Milan Rakić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Ракић; 18 September 1876 – 30 June 1938) was a Serbian poet-diplomat and academic. He focused on dodecasyllable and hendecasyllable verse, which allowed him to achieve beautiful rhythm and rh ...

Jovan Dučić Jovan Dučić ( sr-Cyrl, Јован Дучић, ; 15 February 1872 – 7 April 1943) was a Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serb poet-diplomat and academic. He is one of the most influential Serbian lyricists and Modernist poetry, modernist poe ...

, and others. Apart from tirelessly campaigning for pan-Serb unification, ''Pijemont'' offered a variety of political ideas, targeting corruption and discord in Serbia. Ljuba was one of initiators of the establishment of the

(1911), and one of the founding members. Together with Bogdan Radenković and

Vojislav Tankosić Vojislav Tankosić ( sr-cyr, Војислав Танкосић, 20 September 1880 – 2 November 1915) was a Serbian military officer, ''vojvoda'' of the Serbian Chetnik Organization, major of the Serbian Army, and member of the Black Hand (Serbi ...

he wrote the constitution of the organization. The constitution was modeled after similar German secret nationalist associations and the Italian

Carbonari The Carbonari () was an informal network of Secret society, secret revolutionary societies active in Italy from about 1800 to 1831. The Carbonari may have further influenced other revolutionary groups in France, Portugal, Spain, Brazil, Urugua ...

. He founded the ''Pijemont'' magazine in August 1911. He was mobilized in the

First Balkan War The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Greece and Kingdom of Montenegro, Montenegro) agai ...

and fought as a reserve officer. He participated in the

Second Balkan War The Second Balkan War was a conflict that broke out when Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia and Kingdom of Greece, Greece, on 1 ...

against Bulgaria in the summer of 1913 and was wounded in the knee in fighting around Veles. He was transported for treatment in Skopje, but the hospital was infected with

cholera Cholera () is an infection of the small intestine by some Strain (biology), strains of the Bacteria, bacterium ''Vibrio cholerae''. Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea last ...

, from which he died on 25 June 1913. He was buried in Skopje, but the location of his remains is unknown.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cupa, Ljuba 20th-century Serbian people Serbian nationalists People from the Kingdom of Serbia Chetniks of the Macedonian Struggle Serbian military personnel of the Balkan Wars Deaths from cholera 1877 births 1913 deaths People from Ivanjica Serbian journalists Black Hand (Serbia) Yugoslavism Serbian writers

Life

See also

References