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This is a list of
This is a list of progestogen
Progestogens, also sometimes written progestins, progestagens or gestagens, are a class of natural or synthetic steroid hormones that bind to and activate the progesterone receptors (PR). Progesterone is the major and most important progestoge ...
s that are or that have been used in clinical or veterinary medicine
Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, management, medical diagnosis, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, disorder, and injury in non-human animals. The scope of veterinary medicine is wide, covering all a ...
. They are steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused compound, fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.
Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes t ...
s and include derivative
In mathematics, the derivative is a fundamental tool that quantifies the sensitivity to change of a function's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input value, when it exists, is t ...
s of progesterone
Progesterone (; P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the ma ...
and testosterone
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in Male, males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of Male reproductive system, male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting se ...
.
Progesterone derivatives
Retroprogesterone derivatives
Although an active progestogen, retroprogesterone is not medically used.17α-Hydroxyprogesterone derivatives
17α-hydroxyprogesterone is inactive as a progestogen and is not used medically. The 19-norprogesterone derivativesgestonorone caproate
Gestonorone caproate, also known as gestronol hexanoate or norhydroxyprogesterone caproate and sold under the brand names Depostat and Primostat, is a progestin medication which is used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, enlarged p ...
(gestronol hexanoate), nomegestrol acetate
Nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC), sold under the brand names Lutenyl and Zoely among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gynecological disorders. It is available ...
, segesterone acetate
Segesterone acetate (SGA), sold under the brand name Nestorone among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control and in the treatment of endometriosis. It is available both alone and in combination with an estrogen as seg ...
(nestorone, elcometrine), and norgestomet
Norgestomet, or norgestamet, sold under the brand name Syncro-Mate B and Crestar, is a progestin medication which is used in veterinary medicine to control estrus and ovulation in cattle.
Uses
Veterinary
Norgestomet is used in veterinary medic ...
are also derivatives of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (see below
Below may refer to:
*Earth
*Ground (disambiguation)
*Soil
*Floor
* Bottom (disambiguation)
*Less than
*Temperatures below freezing
*Hell or underworld
People with the surname
* Ernst von Below (1863–1955), German World War I general
* Fred Belo ...
).
17α-Methylprogesterone derivatives
Although an active progestogen, 17α-methylprogesterone is not medically used. The 19-norprogesterone derivativesdemegestone
Demegestone, sold under the brand name Lutionex, is a progestin medication which was previously used to treat luteal insufficiency but is now no longer marketed.: It is taken by mouth.
Demegestone is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, a ...
, promegestone
Promegestone, sold under the brand name Surgestone, is a progestin medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and in the treatment of gynecological disorders. It is taken by mouth.
Side effects of promegestone include menstrual irr ...
, and trimegestone
Trimegestone, sold under the brand names Ondeva and Totelle among others, is a progestin medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. It was also under development for use in birth c ...
are also derivatives of 17α-methylprogesterone (see below
Below may refer to:
*Earth
*Ground (disambiguation)
*Soil
*Floor
* Bottom (disambiguation)
*Less than
*Temperatures below freezing
*Hell or underworld
People with the surname
* Ernst von Below (1863–1955), German World War I general
* Fred Belo ...
).
Other 17α-substituted progesterone derivatives
19-Norprogesterone derivatives
Although an active progestogen, 19-norprogesterone is not medically used.Testosterone derivatives
Testosterone
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in Male, males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of Male reproductive system, male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting se ...
itself does not have significant progestogenic activity. Testosterone is instead classified as an anabolic-androgenic steroid
Anabolic steroids, also known as anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), are a class of drugs that are structurally related to testosterone, the main male sex hormone, and produce effects by binding to the androgen receptor (AR). Anabolism, Anaboli ...
and is included here purely because it is the parent structure of this group of progestins.
17α-Ethynyltestosterone derivatives
19-Nortestosterone derivatives
Whilenandrolone
Nandrolone, also known as 19-nortestosterone, is an endogenous androgen. It is also an anabolic steroid (AAS) which is medically used in the form of esters such as nandrolone decanoate (brand name Deca-Durabolin) and nandrolone phenylpropionate ...
(19-nortestosterone) does have significant progestogenic activity, it is not used as a progestogen. It is instead classified as an androgenic-anabolic steroid and is included here purely because it is an important parent structure of this group of progestins.
17α-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives
Estranes
18-Methylestranes (13β-ethylgonanes)
Other 17α-substituted 19-nortestosterone derivatives
Spirolactone derivatives
Although an active progestogen, SC-5233 (spirolactone) is not medically used.See also
* List of steroids *List of progestogen esters
This is a list of progestogen esters, or esters of progestogens.
Unlike the case of testosterone and estradiol, progesterone cannot be esterified as it lacks hydroxyl groups, so all progestogen esters, with the exception of esters of 17α-hydr ...
Notes
? = Chemical names that are unverified.Further reading
* {{Progesterone receptor modulators Progestogens SteroidsProgestogens
Progestogens, also sometimes written progestins, progestagens or gestagens, are a class of natural or synthetic steroid hormones that bind to and activate the progesterone receptors (PR). Progesterone is the major and most important progestogen ...