List Of Lawsuits Involving Tesla, Inc.
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Tesla, Inc Tesla, Inc. ( or ) is an American multinational automotive and clean energy company. Headquartered in Austin, Texas, it designs, manufactures and sells battery electric vehicles (BEVs), stationary battery energy storage devices from home ...
, the American automotive and energy company, since 2008; as of August 2023, Tesla is party to over 1,750
lawsuits A lawsuit is a proceeding by one or more parties (the plaintiff or claimant) against one or more parties (the defendant) in a civil court of law. The archaic term "suit in law" is found in only a small number of laws still in effect today. T ...
, and as of September 2021, it is party to 200 in
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
alone. A significant number of the cases notably derive from the actions of the company's CEO,
Elon Musk Elon Reeve Musk ( ; born June 28, 1971) is a businessman. He is known for his leadership of Tesla, SpaceX, X (formerly Twitter), and the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). Musk has been considered the wealthiest person in th ...
, who is also party to many of his own lawsuits.
TSLAQ TSLAQ (pronounced "Tesla Q") is a loose, international collective of largely anonymous short-sellers, skeptics, and researchers who openly criticize Tesla, Inc. and its CEO Elon Musk. The group primarily organizes on social media, often using the ...
, a loose collective of anonymous short-sellers and skeptics of Tesla and
Elon Musk Elon Reeve Musk ( ; born June 28, 1971) is a businessman. He is known for his leadership of Tesla, SpaceX, X (formerly Twitter), and the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). Musk has been considered the wealthiest person in th ...
, regularly discusses and shares news of these lawsuits on
Twitter Twitter, officially known as X since 2023, is an American microblogging and social networking service. It is one of the world's largest social media platforms and one of the most-visited websites. Users can share short text messages, image ...
and elsewhere.


On-going


Vaughn racism class action suit

In 2017, Marcus Vaughn, a former Tesla assembly line worker, filed a
class action lawsuit A class action A class action is a form of lawsuit. Class Action may also refer to: * ''Class Action'' (film), 1991, starring Gene Hackman and Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio * Class Action (band), a garage house band * "Class Action" (''Teenage R ...
, alleging that black Tesla employees were subject to racist conduct, including "slurs, graffiti and nooses hung at their workstations." Tesla responded by claiming the lawsuit was a "hotbed of misinformation." In February 2024, a judge approved the class status of the approximately 5,977 black employees involved in the suit.


Litigation relating to 2018 CEO performance award

In April 2018, Tesla shareholder Richard Tornetta brought a lawsuit ''Tornetta v. Musk, et al'' in Delaware requesting that Musk's $55 billion pay package from Tesla be rescinded. In January 2024, Judge
Kathaleen McCormick Kathaleen Saint Jude McCormick (born 1979) is an American lawyer and judge on the Delaware Court of Chancery, first as a vice chancellor from 2018 to 2021 and then as the current chancellor since 2021. She is the first female chancellor in Delaw ...
agreed. McCormick called the compensation granted by the company's board "an unfathomable sum" that was unfair to shareholders. In response to the ruling, Musk posted on X: "Never incorporate your company in the state of Delaware." In June 2024, shareholders approved reincorporating Tesla in Texas and reapproved Musk's compensation. In February 2025,
Bloomberg Bloomberg may refer to: People * Daniel J. Bloomberg (1905–1984), audio engineer * Georgina Bloomberg (born 1983), professional equestrian * Michael Bloomberg (born 1942), American businessman and founder of Bloomberg L.P.; politician a ...
reported that
Pershing Square Capital Management Pershing Square Capital Management is an American hedge fund management company founded and run by Bill Ackman, headquartered in New York City. Company history In 2004, Ackman started Pershing Square Capital Management with $54 million in fundi ...
CEO
Bill Ackman William Albert Ackman (born May 11, 1966) is an American billionaire hedge fund manager who is the founder and chief executive officer of Pershing Square Capital Management, a hedge fund management company. His investment approach has made him ...
had tweeted, "We are reincorporating our management company in Nevada for the same reason. Top law firms are recommending Nevada and Texas over Delaware." Musk filed a lawsuit, '' Maffei et al v. Palkon et al'', with the Delaware Supreme Court, to try to get Judge McCormick's ruling overturned.


Securities litigation related to Musk "funding secured" tweet

A class-action lawsuit from August and September 2018 regarding Musk's tweets about potentially going private (''In re Tesla Inc. Securities Litigation'') ended in February 2023 when a jury found Musk and Tesla not liable. In October and November 2018, five derivative lawsuits were filed in the Delaware Court of Chancery against Musk and the members of Tesla's board of directors (as then constituted) in relation to statements and actions connected to the potential going private transaction. These lawsuits were stayed pending resolution of the class-action lawsuit. , two of these cases are still unresolved. A lawsuit filed in March 2021 alleges that Musk violated his fiduciary duty to Tesla by continuing to send "erratic" tweets in violation of the SEC settlement, and that the board is failing to control Musk. The case was also stayed pending resolution of the class-action lawsuit. , the case is unresolved.


Whistleblower allegations and retaliation

In November 2020, former Tesla employee Steven Henkes filed a lawsuit alleging he was fired by Tesla in retaliation for raising safety concerns about "unacceptable fire risks" in the company's solar installations. Tesla solar installations caught fire at seven Walmart locations, as well as an Amazon warehouse. The SEC confirmed in September 2021 that it has an active and ongoing investigation related to the whistleblower complaint Henkes made in 2019. , the case is unresolved.


Agreement misrepresented as loan

A Tesla Solar customer alleged in a 2020 filing that the company engaged in "bait-and-switch financing" for reporting his solar-financing agreement as "a massive loan" to credit agencies, therefore upending the customer's credit rating. In April 2021, the case was ordered to arbitration. , the case was still in arbitration.


Texas police complaint

In September 2021, five police officers submitted a complaint against, in part Tesla, for a crash involving Autopilot that left them badly injured. The plaintiffs' stated aim is to "force Tesla to publicly acknowledge and immediately correct the known defects inherent in its Autopilot apability. , the next trial milestone is August 5, 2024.


Sexual harassment at Fremont facility cases

In December 2021, six women working at the Fremont factory and service center sued the company over sexual harassment. , the cases are unresolved.


Fair Employment and Housing racism suit

In February 2022, the
California Department of Fair Employment and Housing The California Civil Rights Department (CRD), formerly known as the Department of Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH), is an agency of California state government charged with the protection of residents from employment, housing and public accom ...
(DFEH) sued Tesla for "discriminating against its Black workers" after it "received hundreds of complaints from Tesla workers" and "found evidence that Tesla's Fremont factory is a racially segregated workplace where Black workers are subjected to
racial slurs The following is a list of ethnic slurs, ethnophaulisms, or ethnic epithets that are, or have been, used as insinuations or allegations about members of a given ethnic, national, or racial group or to refer to them in a derogatory, pejorati ...
and discriminated against in job assignments, discipline, pay and promotion creating a hostile work environment". One Black worker complained of hearing racial slurs as often as 50 to 100 times per day. In a February 2022 blog post, Tesla responded to the lawsuit and stated that they "will be asking the court to pause the case and take other steps to ensure that facts and evidence will be heard." In August 2022, California's Office of Administrative Law declined to review a petition from Tesla claiming that DFEH failed to conduct a full investigation prior to filing the lawsuit. , the case is unresolved.


Autopilot suits

Litigation is ongoing in at least eight cases involving the use of
Tesla Autopilot Tesla Autopilot is an advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) developed by Tesla, Inc. that provides partial vehicle automation, corresponding to Level 2 automation as defined by SAE International. All Tesla vehicles produced after April 2019 ...
during a fatal or "otherwise serious" crash. In particular, the cases of Jeremy Banner and Jenna Monet deal with fatal incidents. As of November 2023, the Banner case is expected to go to trial in 2024. As of March 2024, the court case regarding Monet is unresolved.


Individual racism lawsuit

In February 2022, litigation was filed by Marc Cage who alleged racial-based harassment from his Tesla factory coworkers. , the case is stayed, pending arbitration.


Sudden unintended braking class action

In August 2022, a consumer class action was filed alleging that the Autopilot system in Tesla cars "contains a hazardous defect which causes the vehicle to suddenly and unintentionally brake", a phenomenon dubbed phantom braking. In November 2024, Tesla failed to persuade a
U.S. District Judge The United States district courts are the trial courts of the United States federal judiciary, U.S. federal judiciary. There is one district court for each United States federal judicial district, federal judicial district. Each district cov ...
to dismiss the lawsuit. The next court date is January 7, 2025.


Deceptive Autopilot and Full Self-Driving advertising

In September 2022, a proposed class action federal lawsuit was filed against Tesla for Elon Musk allegedly misleading customers "who since 2016 bought or leased Tesla vehicles with Autopilot, Enhanced Autopilot and Full Self-Driving features" with his predictions that Teslas would soon be fully autonomous cars. Over 300,000 vehicles were recalled due to being unsafe around intersections. , the case is unresolved.


California Civil Rights Department suit

The California Civil Rights Department filed a suit in 2022 alleging "a pattern of racial harassment and bias" at the Tesla Fremont factory. As of April 2023, the Department is also conducting a probe of the factory based on a 2021 complaint and claims that Tesla has been obstructing the investigation. , the case is unresolved.


2019 garage accident lawsuit

In May 2019, a Tesla owner filed a lawsuit against Tesla after her 2-year old son performed an unintended acceleration in her Model X and pinned her against the wall of her garage. Harcourt, who was 8 months pregnant at the time, sustained multiple broken bones and went into premature labor. The lawsuit alleges that "the company knew the Model X had issues and that Tesla was negligent in designing the car without proper sensors and other safety features."


xAI resource and talent diversion

In June 2024, Tesla shareholders accused
Elon Musk Elon Reeve Musk ( ; born June 28, 1971) is a businessman. He is known for his leadership of Tesla, SpaceX, X (formerly Twitter), and the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). Musk has been considered the wealthiest person in th ...
and the company’s board of knowingly diverting talent and resources away from the company and directing it toward Musk’s rival artificial intelligence company, xAI, thereby breaching their fiduciary duty to Tesla. More than a dozen Tesla employees left to work for xAI. Musk has controversially proposed that Tesla invest in xAI.


Resolved


Fisker Automotive

On April 14, 2008, Tesla sued
Fisker Automotive Fisker Automotive was an American automobile company. It produced the Fisker Karma, which was one of the world's first production luxury plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. The company was founded in 2007 by Henrik Fisker, a Danish automobile d ...
, alleging that
Henrik Fisker Henrik Fisker (born 10 August 1963) is a Danish automotive designer and entrepreneur based in Los Angeles, California, US. He is best known as the founder of Fisker Automotive and Fisker Inc, and as a designer of luxury cars. After working a ...
"stole design ideas and confidential information related to the design of hybrid and electric cars" and was using that information to develop the
Fisker Karma The Fisker Karma is a luxury vehicle, luxury plug-in Range extender (vehicle), range-extended electric sports sedan produced by Fisker Automotive between 2011 and 2012. The cars were manufactured at Valmet Automotive in Finland. The United St ...
. Tesla had hired
Fisker Coachbuild Henrik Fisker (born 10 August 1963) is a Danish automotive designer and entrepreneur based in Los Angeles, California, US. He is best known as the founder of Fisker Automotive and Fisker Inc, and as a designer of luxury cars. After working a ...
to design the WhiteStar sedan, but rejected the design that Musk considered "substandard". On November 3, 2008, Fisker Automotive Inc. issued a press release indicating that an arbitrator had issued an interim award finding in Fisker's favor on all claims.


''Top Gear'' review

Tesla unsuccessfully sued British television show ''
Top Gear Top Gear may refer to: * "Top gear", the highest gear available in a vehicle's manual transmission Television * ''Top Gear'' (1977 TV series), a British motoring magazine programme * ''Top Gear'' (2002 TV series), a relaunched version of the ori ...
'' for its 2008 review of the
Tesla Roadster (2008) The first generation Tesla Roadster is a battery electric sports car, that is based on the Lotus Elise chassis, and was produced by Tesla Motors (now Tesla, Inc.) from 2008 to 2012. The Roadster was the first highway legal, serial production ...
in which
Jeremy Clarkson Jeremy Charles Robert Clarkson (born 11 April 1960) is an English television presenter, journalist, farmer, and author who specialises in Driving, motoring. He is best known for hosting the television programmes ''Top Gear (2002 TV series), T ...
could be seen driving one around the ''Top Gear'' test track, complaining about a range of only , before showing workers pushing it into the garage, supposedly out of charge. Tesla filed a lawsuit against the
BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
for libel and malicious falsehood, claiming that two cars were provided and that at any point, at least one was ready to drive. The Top Gear producers claimed that the range of 55 mi was calculated by Tesla itself and supplied to Top Gear as an estimate of the car's range when driven hard on a track. In addition, Tesla said that neither car ever dropped below 25% charge, and that the scene was staged. However, Top Gear frequently stages scenes for comedic effect, for example by showing Jeremy Clarkson having to refuel the
Jaguar XJS The Jaguar XJ-S (later called XJS) is a luxury car, luxury grand tourer manufactured and marketed by British car manufacturer Jaguar Cars from 1975 to 1996, in coupé, convertible#variations, fixed-profile and full convertible bodystyles. Ther ...
three times during the review of it. The High Court in London rejected Tesla's libel claim. The falsehood claims were later struck out.


Founder dispute

The company founding was the subject of a lawsuit that was later dropped after an out-of-court settlement. On May 26, 2009, Eberhard filed suit against Tesla and Musk for slander, libel and breach of contract. Musk wrote a lengthy blog post that included original source documents, including emails between senior executives and other artifacts attempting to demonstrate that Eberhard was fired by Tesla's unanimous board of directors. A judge struck down Eberhard's claim that he was one of only two company founders. Tesla said in a statement that the ruling is "consistent with Tesla's belief in a team of founders, including the company's current CEO and Product Architect Elon Musk, and Chief Technology Officer JB Straubel, who were both fundamental to the creation of Tesla from inception." Eberhard withdrew the case and the parties reached a final settlement. One public provision said that the parties will consider Eberhard, Musk, Straubel, Tarpenning and Wright to be the five co-founders. Eberhard issued a statement about Musk's foundational role in the company: "As a co-founder of the company, Elon's contributions to Tesla have been extraordinary."


Ecotricity agreement

In early 2014, Tesla reportedly tried to break the exclusivity agreement their charging partner in the UK had for locations along the UK's highways and tried to "blacken Ecotricity's name with politicians and the media".
Ecotricity Ecotricity is a British energy company based in Stroud, Gloucestershire, specialising in selling green energy to consumers that it primarily generates from its 87.2 megawatt wind power portfolio. It is built on the principle of heavily reinvest ...
replied by taking an injunction against them. The dispute was resolved
out of court Out or OUT may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Out'' (1957 film), a documentary short about the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 * ''Out'' (1982 film), an American film directed by Eli Hollander * ''Out'' (2002 film), a Japanese ...
.


Securities litigation relating to SolarCity's financial statements and guidance

On March 28, 2014, a purported stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against SolarCity and two of its officers. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws and seeks unspecified compensatory damages and other relief on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of SolarCity's securities from March 6, 2013, to March 18, 2014. On March 8, 2018, the Court upheld the District Court ruling of dismissal and judgment in Tesla's favor. The case is concluded. Tesla was also party to a lawsuit filed in July 2018, alleging that SolarCity improperly fired three employees who blew the whistle on fraudulent sales records at the company. On June 5, 2020, the lawsuit was dismissed
with prejudice ''Prejudice'' is a legal term with different meanings, which depend on whether it is used in criminal, civil, or common law. In legal context, ''prejudice'' differs from the more common use of the word and so the term has specific technical mea ...
.


Illegal workers suit

''
The Mercury News ''The Mercury News'' (formerly ''San Jose Mercury News'', often locally known as ''The Merc'') is a morning daily newspaper published in San Jose, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It is published by the Bay Area News Group, a subsidia ...
'' in 2016 investigated the use of foreign construction workers to build Tesla's paint shop at Tesla Factory. A
whistleblower Whistleblowing (also whistle-blowing or whistle blowing) is the activity of a person, often an employee, revealing information about activity within a private or public organization that is deemed illegal, immoral, illicit, unsafe, unethical or ...
federal lawsuit was filed, which was unsealed in the summer of 2017. The suit alleged that Tesla and other major automakers such as
Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz (), commonly referred to simply as Mercedes and occasionally as Benz, is a German automotive brand that was founded in 1926. Mercedes-Benz AG (a subsidiary of the Mercedes-Benz Group, established in 2019) is based in Stuttgart, ...
,
BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, trading as BMW Group (commonly abbreviated to BMW (), sometimes anglicised as Bavarian Motor Works), is a German multinational manufacturer of vehicles and motorcycles headquartered in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Th ...
and
Volkswagen Volkswagen (VW; )English: , . is a German automotive industry, automobile manufacturer based in Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. Established in 1937 by German Labour Front, The German Labour Front, it was revitalized into the global brand it ...
, illegally used foreign construction workers to build their U.S. factories. Court documents and the journalistic investigation showed that at least 140 foreign workers worked on the factory expansion, some of whom had questionable work visas, for as little as five dollars per hour. The workers came mainly from
Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a subregion of the Europe, European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural and socio-economic connotations. Its eastern boundary is marked by the Ural Mountain ...
on "suspect visas hired through subcontractors." On March 20, 2019, a decision by the United States District Court in San Jose dismissed most claims. The parties entered into a confidential settlement on January 17, 2020, and , the court retained jurisdiction to enforce compliance of the terms.


Singapore tax surcharge

In early March 2016, a report by ''
Stuff magazine ''Stuff'' is a British consumer electronics magazine published by Kelsey Media. History ''Stuff'' was first published in Britain in November 1996 by Dennis Publishing. A bimonthly title, it followed the success of magazines such as '' FHM'' ...
'' said that test performed by VICOM, Ltd on behalf of Singapore's Land Transport Authority had found a 2014 Tesla Model S to be consuming , which was greater than the reported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the reported by Tesla. As a result, a carbon surcharge of ( at March 2016 exchange rate) was imposed on the Model S, making Singapore the only country in the world to impose an environmental surcharge on a fully electric car. The Land Transport Authority justified this by stating that it had to "account for emissions during the electricity generation process" and therefore "a grid emission factor of 0.5g/watt-hour was also applied to the
electric energy consumption Electric energy consumption is energy consumption in the form of electrical energy. About a fifth of global energy is consumed as electricity: for residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other purposes. The global electricity con ...
", however Tesla countered that when the energy used to extract, refine, and distribute gasoline was taken into account, the Model S produces approximately one-third the of an equivalent gasoline-powered vehicle. Later that month, the Land Transport Authority released a statement stating that they and the VICOM Emission Test Laboratory will be working with Tesla engineers to review the test, and a Tesla statement indicated that the discussions were "positive" and that they were confident of a quick resolution. , consumers can order a new Tesla to be imported into Singapore, for delivery in mid-2021, with no mention of a surcharge. , Teslas sold in Singapore increased ten-fold to 487 in the third quarter, compared to just 50 in the first half of 2021.


Workplace harassment

One female engineer at Tesla filed a lawsuit in 2016 describing a culture of "pervasive harassment". The lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice in 2019.


Corporate litigation relating to the SolarCity acquisition

Between September 1, 2016, and October 5, 2016, seven
lawsuits A lawsuit is a proceeding by one or more parties (the plaintiff or claimant) against one or more parties (the defendant) in a civil court of law. The archaic term "suit in law" is found in only a small number of laws still in effect today. T ...
were filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware challenging Tesla's acquisition of
SolarCity SolarCity Corporation was a publicly traded company headquartered in Fremont, California, that sold and installed solar energy generation systems as well as other related products and services to residential, commercial, and industrial custom ...
. In October 2016, the Court consolidated the actions and appointed a lead plaintiff. The plaintiffs alleged, among other things, that the Tesla board of directors as then constituted breached their fiduciary duties in approving the acquisition and that certain individuals would be unjustly enriched by the acquisition. The complaint asserts both derivative claims and direct claims on behalf of a purported class and seeks, among other relief, $13 billion from Elon Musk. The acquisition was approved by Tesla and SolarCity's stockholders on November 17, 2016 and the merger closed on November 21, 2016. On October 24, 2019, the transcripts of video depositions of Elon Musk and other SolarCity board members became widely available. The trial was held in July 2021. On October 22, 2021, the lawsuit was limited to a derivative lawsuit and the direct claims against Musk were dismissed. The
Delaware Court of Chancery The Delaware Court of Chancery is a court of equity in the U.S. state of Delaware. It is one of Delaware's three constitutional courts, along with the Supreme Court and Superior Court. Since 2018, the court consists of seven judges. The cour ...
ruled in Musk's favor in April 2022, and its ruling was upheld by the
Delaware Supreme Court The Delaware Supreme Court is the sole appellate court in the United States state of Delaware. Because Delaware is a popular haven for corporations, the Court has developed a worldwide reputation as a respected source of corporate law decisions, ...
in June 2023.


SEC investigations in 2016 regarding GAAP reporting

An SEC investigation in October 2016 about Tesla's use of non-GAAP (
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Publicly traded companies typically are subject to rigorous standards. Small and midsized businesses often follow more simplified standards, plus any specific disclosures required by their specific lenders and shareholders. Some firms operate on t ...
) reporting closed "without further action"; Tesla switched to GAAP-reporting in October 2016.


Autopilot 2 class-action lawsuit

On April 19, 2017, Tesla owners filed a class-action lawsuit due to Tesla exaggerating the capabilities of its Autopilot 2 to consumers. The lawsuit claimed that "buyers of the affected vehicles have become beta testers of half-baked software that renders Tesla vehicles dangerous if engaged". Tesla attacked the lawsuit as a "disingenuous attempt to secure attorney's fees posing as a legitimate legal action". On May 19, 2018, Tesla reached an agreement to settle the class-action lawsuit. Under the agreement, class members, who paid to get the Autopilot upgrade between 2016 and 2017, will receive between US$20 and $280 in compensation. Tesla has agreed to place more than $5 million into a settlement fund, which will also cover attorney fees. The proposed settlement does not mention the safety allegations but focuses on the delay in making the promised features available to consumers. The agreement was approved in November 2018.


Union busting attempts

On April 19, 2017, Tesla factory workers filed
unfair labor practice An unfair labor practice (ULP) in United States labor law refers to certain actions taken by employers or unions that violate the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (49 Stat. 449) (also known as the NLRA and the Wagner Act after NY Senator ...
charges with the
National Labor Relations Board The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an Independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States that enforces United States labor law, U.S. labor law in relation to collect ...
, alleging that Tesla uses "illegal surveillance, coercion, intimidation and prevention of worker communications ..in an effort to prevent or otherwise hinder unionization of the Fremont factory." According to
CNBC CNBC is an American List of business news channels, business news channel owned by the NBCUniversal News Group, a unit of Comcast's NBCUniversal. The network broadcasts live business news and analysis programming during the morning, Day ...
, "the
United Auto Workers The United Auto Workers (UAW), fully named International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, is an American labor union that represents workers in the United States (including Puerto Rico) and sou ...
(UAW) union filed four separate charges with the National Labor Relations Board alleging that eslahas illegally surveilled and coerced workers attempting to distribute information about the union drive." On February 10, 2017, three Tesla employees allegedly were passing out literature to initiate organizing union efforts. The literature pointed to working conditions, the company's
confidentiality agreement A non-disclosure agreement (NDA), also known as a confidentiality agreement (CA), confidential disclosure agreement (CDA), proprietary information agreement (PIA), or secrecy agreement (SA), is a legal contract or part of a contract between at le ...
and employee rights under the
National Labor Relations Act The National Labor Relations Act of 1935, also known as the Wagner Act, is a foundational statute of United States labor law that guarantees the right of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining, an ...
. The UAW's charges allege that Tesla illegally told employees that they could not pass out any literature unless it was approved by the company. The Fremont plant has been unionized in the past, both when owned by
General Motors General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The company is most known for owning and manufacturing f ...
(GM), and later by the
NUMMI New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. (NUMMI) was an American automobile manufacturing company in Fremont, California, jointly owned by General Motors and Toyota, that opened in 1984 and closed in April 2010. The plant is located in the East Ind ...
partnership of GM and
Toyota is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi, Japan. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda and incorporated on August 28, 1937. Toyota is the List of manuf ...
. While under UAW oversight, the plant closed once in 1982 (GM) and again in 2010 (NUMMI partnership) . Elon Musk published a tweet in May 2018, that implied workers would lose
stocks Stocks are feet and hand restraining devices that were used as a form of corporal punishment and public humiliation. The use of stocks is seen as early as Ancient Greece, where they are described as being in use in Solon's law code. The law de ...
if they formed a union. Minnesota Congressman
Keith Ellison Keith Maurice Ellison (born August 4, 1963) is an American politician and lawyer serving since 2019 as the 30th attorney general of Minnesota. A member of the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), Ellison was the U.S. representative for fr ...
chastised Musk for "threats" of unlawful retaliation. Three years later, the NLRB ordered Musk to delete that tweet, and reinstate former employee Richard Ortiz with full back pay. Additionally Tesla would have to put up a notice in all of its USA factories addressing the unlawful tweet. Tesla appealed the NLRB rulings to the
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (in case citations, 5th Cir.) is one of the 13 United States courts of appeals. It has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts: ...
, which in 2023 initially upheld the NLRB order. In a published response, Ortiz stated "I look forward to returning to work at Tesla and working with my co-workers to finish the job of forming a union". In a 2024 rehearing, the court reversed its decision, holding Musk's tweets to be constitutionally protected speech and that the NLRB must reconsider its order to reinstate Ortiz. In September 2019, a California judge ruled that 12 actions by Musk and other Tesla executives violated labor laws in 2017 and 2018 when they sabotaged employee attempts to unionize.


Securities litigation relating to production of Model 3 vehicles

In 2017, a lawsuit alleged Tesla made materially false and misleading statements regarding its preparedness to produce Model 3 vehicles. The
U.S. Department of Justice The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the U.S. government that oversees the domestic enforcement of federal laws and the administration of justice. It is equi ...
also began an investigation in 2018 into whether Tesla misled investors and misstated production figures about its Model 3 car. The lawsuit was dismissed in Tesla's favor in March 2019.


Reselling "lemon" cars

In February 2018, Tesla was accused of reselling defective "
lemon The lemon (''Citrus'' × ''limon'') is a species of small evergreen tree in the ''Citrus'' genus of the flowering plant family Rutaceae. A true lemon is a hybrid of the citron and the bitter orange. Its origins are uncertain, but some ...
" cars in the U.S.; Tesla denied the claim. On December 11, 2018, the case was ordered to arbitration. In March 2022, the case was dismissed by the court. In Norway in 2018, Tesla buyers have gone to court with the claim that they had been sold cars with defects, and Tesla bought back the car.


Software copyright infringement

In May 2018, it was reported that Tesla had for five or six years been using other people's copyrighted software unlawfully, specifically engaging in GPL violations. The
Software Freedom Conservancy Software Freedom Conservancy, Inc. (also known as "Conservancy") is an organization that provides a Nonprofit organization, non-profit home, infrastructure support, and legal support for free software, free and open source software projects. The ...
reportedly alerted Tesla to the issue repeatedly, but only in 2018 did Tesla begin to remedy its non-compliance with the software's license terms.


Martin Tripp leak and hacking

In June 2018, Tesla employee
Martin Tripp This is a partial list of lawsuits involving Tesla, Inc, the American automotive and energy company, since 2008; as of August 2023, Tesla is party to over 1,750 lawsuits, and as of September 2021, it is party to 200 in China alone. A significant ...
leaked information that Tesla was scrapping or reworking up to 40% of its raw materials at the Nevada Gigafactory. Tripp was fired after allegedly confessing. On June 20, 2018, Tesla filed a civil lawsuit in Nevada against Tripp, accusing him of hacking the automaker and supplying sensitive information to unnamed third parties. Tripp then filed a lawsuit against Tesla and claimed Tesla's Security team gave police a false tip that he was planning a mass shooting at the Nevada factory. By June 27, 2018, Tesla had been granted subpoenas compelling several companies that may be storing data for the former employee, including Apple, Microsoft, Google, Facebook and Dropbox to surrender any such data. Also in late June 2018, the ex-employee reacted by attempting to crowd-fund $500,000 for his legal defense and counter-suit. The court ruled in Tesla's favor on September 17, 2020.


Whistleblower allegations and retaliation

In June 2018, former Tesla high-level safety official Carlos Ramirez sued the company for failing to treat injured workers and misclassifying worker injuries to avoid reporting them to authorities. Ramirez alleged that he was fired by Tesla in retaliation for raising concerns about these practices. In October 2018, the case was ordered to arbitration, and the case was closed in August 2021. In August 2018, former Tesla employee Karl Hansen filed a whistleblower complaint with the SEC alleging that Tesla failed to disclose an alleged drug trafficking ring at the Nevada Gigafactory "involving the sale of significant quantities of cocaine and possibly crystal methamphetamine" for a Mexican drug cartel. Hansen also accused Tesla of spying on employees and hiding the theft of $37 million worth of copper and other raw materials. Hansen alleged that he was retaliated against and wrongfully terminated by Tesla for raising these issues internally. In 2019, Hansen filed a lawsuit related to these allegations; in 2020, the judged ordered the case to
arbitration Arbitration is a formal method of dispute resolution involving a third party neutral who makes a binding decision. The third party neutral (the 'arbitrator', 'arbiter' or 'arbitral tribunal') renders the decision in the form of an 'arbitrati ...
. In June 2022, the arbitrator filed an unopposed motion with the court stating Hansen "has failed to establish the claims...Accordingly his claims are denied, and he shall take nothing". In 2019, Lynn Thompson sued Tesla for terminating his security contract after he reported the theft of US$37 million worth of copper and other raw materials to local authorities. In 2020, the case was stayed pending arbitration. In February 2024, the case was dismissed with prejudice.


Investigation and settlement by DOJ and SEC of Musk "funding secured" tweet

In September 2018, the
U.S. Department of Justice The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the U.S. government that oversees the domestic enforcement of federal laws and the administration of justice. It is equi ...
(DOJ) began investigating Tesla based on a tweet sent out by Elon Musk. In the tweet, Musk stated that he was "considering taking Tesla private", and that he had "funding secured" to complete the deal. Musk's announcement came as a surprise to shareholders, and consequently the company's stock price rose by almost 11 percent; 17 days later, Musk said the proposal was dead. DOJ investigators requested company documents in September related to Musk's announcement, and the company complied with the requests. The
Securities and Exchange Commission The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government, created in the aftermath of the Wall Street crash of 1929. Its primary purpose is to enforce laws against market m ...
(SEC) launched its own investigation into Tesla and Musk as well. The volatile stock price movement resulted in multiple shareholder lawsuits. On October 16, 2018, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York entered a final judgment approving the terms of a settlement filed with the Court on September 29, 2018, in connection with the actions taken by the SEC relating to Musk's prior statement that he was considering taking Tesla private. Without admitting or denying any of the SEC's allegations, and with no restriction on Musk's ability to serve as an officer or director on the board (other than as its chair), among other things, Tesla and Musk paid civil penalties of $20 million each and agreed that an independent director will serve as chair of the board for at least three years.


Shareholder lawsuit regarding Musk "funding secured" tweet

Between August 10, 2018, and September 6, 2018, nine purported stockholder class actions were filed against Tesla and Elon Musk in connection with Elon Musk's August 7, 2018, Twitter post that he was considering taking Tesla private. All of the suits were consolidated into a class-action lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The lawsuit asserted claims for violations of federal securities laws related to Mr. Musk's statement and seek unspecified compensatory damages and other relief on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of Tesla's securities. In February 2023, the jury found Musk and Tesla not liable.


Employee theft of Autopilot source code

In 2019 Tesla filed a lawsuit against a named employee alleging that the employee who had worked for Tesla for two years had copied the source code of the
Tesla Autopilot Tesla Autopilot is an advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) developed by Tesla, Inc. that provides partial vehicle automation, corresponding to Level 2 automation as defined by SAE International. All Tesla vehicles produced after April 2019 ...
before joining a competing startup. In April 2021 Tesla settled the lawsuit for an undisclosed payment from the former employee.


Autopilot fatality suits

In May 2019, a civil lawsuit was filed regarding the death of
Apple An apple is a round, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus'' spp.). Fruit trees of the orchard or domestic apple (''Malus domestica''), the most widely grown in the genus, are agriculture, cultivated worldwide. The tree originated ...
engineer Walter Huang while driving using Autopilot in 2018. The case was settled in April 2024 before it went to trial. It is the first time Tesla has settled a case involving Autopilot.


Battery throttling lawsuits

In August 2019, a class action lawsuit was filed in Northern California, claiming that a 2019 over-the-air software update throttled the Model S battery life, some by as much as 40 miles. On December 7, 2020, Tesla settled the suit for $1.5 million. In April 2021, a Norwegian judge found Tesla guilty of throttling charging speed in a similar suit, after they failed to respond to the lawsuit. The 30 customers who were part of the lawsuit were awarded 136,000 Norwegian kroner each ($16,000).


Child labor lawsuit


Litigation related to Directors' compensation

On June 17, 2020, a Detroit pension fund filed a derivative action against the Tesla board members. The lawsuit claims the board members have consistently awarded themselves unfair and excessive compensation from 2017 to 2020. In July 2023, the directors denied wrongdoing and settled the lawsuit by agreeing to return $735 million to the company, besides consenting to forgo compensation for the years 2021 through 2023.


Berry discrimination case

In July 2021, former employee Melvin Berry was awarded $1 million in his discrimination case in arbitration against Tesla. Supervisors had referred to Berry using a racial slur, and retaliated against him when he complained.


Full-Self Driving claim

In August 2021, a Tesla owner filed a complaint that Tesla "fraudulently concealed its engineering failures" in regards to its beta Full Self-Driving software and falsely represented the capabilities of the product. , the case is closed.


Diaz discrimination case

In October 2021 a jury verdict in the
Owen Diaz vs. Tesla ''Owen Diaz v. Tesla'' was a discrimination lawsuit filed against electric car manufacturer Tesla, Inc. The plaintiff, Owen Diaz, was an elevator operator at the Tesla Fremont Factory in California between 2015 and 2016. The lawsuit stated that Di ...
trial awarded the plaintiff $137 million in damages after he faced racial harassment at Tesla's Fremont facility during 2015–2016. In April 2022, federal judge William Orrick upheld the jury finding of Tesla's liability but reduced the award to $15 million. Tesla had sought to limit the amount to $600,000. In April 2023, a jury in the newest retrial reduced the total award to $175,000 in damages for emotional distress, and $3 million in punitive damages.


Solar roof hikes class-action

In 2021, Tesla Solar Roof customers who had signed contracts with the company sued after they were later presented with price hikes and delays. Following the court's consolidation of the individual cases, Tesla created a program offering to return the prices to their original amounts to those affected. In 2023, Tesla settled the lawsuit for $6 million.


Individual racism lawsuit

In February 2022, litigation was filed by Kaylen Barker alleging racial-based harassment from her Tesla factory coworkers. In May 2022, Barker requested dismissal of the case, which was granted.


"Whompy wheels" lawsuit

In February 2022, a lawsuit was filed against Tesla regarding a fatality involving suspension breakage (so-called "whompy wheels"). The lawsuit follows a Tesla recall in China due to breakages of front and rear suspension linkages and ball joints, noting that the same components are used in all Tesla models sold worldwide. Tesla had recently claimed in a letter to the
NHTSA The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA ) is an agency of the U.S. federal government, part of the Department of Transportation, focused on automobile safety regulations. NHTSA is charged with writing and enforcing Feder ...
that "the root cause of the issue is driver abuse... uniquely severe in the China market." In March 2022, the case was dismissed.


Dogecoin racketeering lawsuit

In June 2022, Musk, Tesla, and other companies led by him were listed as defendants in a class action lawsuit claiming they participated in a pyramid scheme around the price of
Dogecoin Dogecoin ( or , Abbreviation: DOGE; sign: Ð) is a cryptocurrency created by software engineers Billy Markus and Jackson Palmer, who decided to create a payment system as a joke, making fun of the wild speculation in cryptocurrencies at the t ...
. Damages were listed at $258 billion. In an amended complaint in June 2023, the plaintiffs additionally accused Musk of
insider trading Insider trading is the trading of a public company's stock or other securities (such as bonds or stock options) based on material, nonpublic information about the company. In various countries, some kinds of trading based on insider informati ...
, when he sold Dogecoin worth $124million in April shortly after he temporarily replaced the Twitter logo with the
Shiba Inu The is a breed of hunting dog from Japan. A small-to-medium breed, it is the smallest of the six original dog breeds native to Japan. The Shiba Inu was originally bred for hunting. Its name literally translates to "brushwood dog", as it is us ...
graphic associated with Dogecoin, which caused a 30percent increase in the cryptocurrency. Judge Alvin Hellerstein dismissed the lawsuit with prejudice in August 2024, writing that no reasonable investor could depend on Musk's tweets to file a securities fraud claim, adding that it was "not possible to understand" the insider trading and market manipulation allegations.


"Right to repair" lawsuits

In March 2023, a class action antitrust lawsuit was filed against Tesla by Virginia M. Lambrix in San Francisco, California, alleging that the company unlawfully monopolized the market for maintenance and repair of its vehicles in violation of the
Sherman Act The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 (, ) is a United States antitrust law which prescribes the rule of free competition among those engaged in commerce and consequently prohibits unfair monopolies. It was passed by Congress and is named for ...
and California antitrust law, as a result of which owners were "forced to pay supracompetitive prices and suffer exorbitant wait times" for maintenance services and repair parts. The lawsuit was later combined with four other similar suits. While six out of eight alleged antitrust violations were dismissed, in June 2024 US District Judge Trina Thompson allowed two claims to proceed, including alleged violations of California’s Cartwright Act and Unfair Competition Law (UCL), with the court finding evidence of a repairs monopoly in Tesla's designing of its vehicles to require diagnostic and software updates that only the company could provide, and evidence of a parts monopoly in Tesla's restricting original equipment manufacturers from selling "to anyone other than Tesla."


Privacy intrusion allegations

In April 2023, a Tesla owner filed a lawsuit following reports that Tesla employees shared "highly invasive videos and images recorded by customers' car cameras" with one another. In October 2023, the case was ordered to arbitration and closed.


Misrepresented EV range suit

In August 2023, three Tesla drivers filed a class action lawsuit against Tesla, claiming that the company "grossly overvalued how far the cars could travel on a single battery charge." In March 2024, the case was sent to arbitration.


Hazardous waste disposal lawsuit

In January 2024, Tesla agreed to pay $1.3 million in civil penalties and $200,000 to reimburse investigation costs for the alleged illegal disposal of hazardous waste in 25 counties in California. Tesla also agreed to train its employees on hazardous waste disposal and to have 10 percent of Tesla's facilities audited for waste disposal for the next 5 years.


Chinese customer lawsuits

Tesla has successfully sued a number of customers in China who criticized the car brand, including after crashes. Tesla has won 90% of cases they have brought against Tesla customers in China. Customers have alleged that Tesla received preferential treatment from the Chinese judicial system which is not impartial and is controlled by the Chinese Communist Party.


See also

* Lawsuits and controversies section on Tesla, Inc. * Criticism of Tesla, Inc.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tesla, Inc. lawsuits Tesla, Inc. Lists of lawsuits United States lawsuits Tesla, Inc.-related lists