Lieutenant Général De Police

The Paris Police Prefecture ( ), officially the Police Prefecture (), is the unit of the French Ministry of the Interior that provides police, emergency services, and various administrative services to the population of the city of Paris and the surrounding three suburban of Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne. It is headed by the Paris Prefect of Police (), officially called the Prefect of Police ().

The Paris Police Prefecture supervises the Paris Police force, the Paris Fire Brigade, and various administrative departments in charge of issuing ID cards and driver licenses or monitoring alien residents. The Prefecture of Police also has security duties in the wider ÃŽle-de-France as the is also (Prefect for the Defense zone). Since 2017, it has acquired direct responsibility for the three main airports of the Paris area (Charles de Gaulle, Orly and Le Bourget).

In addition to the , the French government created the Paris Municipal Police () in 2021. In contrast with the Préfecture, the municipal police report to the city government, rather than to the national government. Municipal police officers began patrolling city streets on foot, bicycle, and by car starting on October 18, 2021. The goal of the municipal police is to "make neighbourhoods safer and more peaceful and ensure that public space is shared," for example by enforcing laws on parking, littering, breaking up quarrels, and assisting homeless or elderly residents.

The is a large building located in the Place Louis Lépine on the Île de la Cité. This building was built as a barracks for the Garde républicaine from 1863 to 1867 (architect Pierre-Victor Calliat) and was occupied by the Prefecture in 1871.

As it is the capital of France, with government assemblies and offices and foreign embassies, Paris poses special issues of security and public order. Consequently, the national government has been responsible for providing law enforcement and emergency services since the creation of the Lieutenancy General of Police () by Louis XIV on March 15, 1667. Disbanded at the start of the French Revolution in 1789, it was replaced by the current Prefecture of Police created by Napoléon I on February 17, 1800. This means that, up until 2021, Paris did not have its own and that the Police Nationale provided all of these services directly as a subdivision of France's Ministry of the Interior.

Policemen assigned to "" are part of the Police nationale but the Police Prefect reports directly to the Interior Minister, not to the director of the Police nationale ( or DGPN). In Parisian slang, the police were sometimes known as "the archers", a very old slang term in reference to the archers of the long-defunct Royal Watch.

Paris also has the " Direction de la Prévention, de la Sécurité et de la Protection" (DPSP) (Prevention, Security and Protection Directorate) which is composed of Agents with municipal police powers titled inspecteurs de sécurité (Security Inspectors).https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCode.do;jsessionid=BCFE2EF8DCF619E5A0962C7EB22BA511.tpdila20v_3?idSectionTA=LEGISCTA000025507674&cidTexte=LEGITEXT000025503132&dateTexte=20120618 French The DPSP reports to the Mayor of Paris.

Jurisdiction

The jurisdiction of the Prefecture of Police was initially the Seine . Its jurisdiction also included the (municipalities) of Saint-Cloud, Sèvres, Meudon, and Enghien-les-Bains, which were located in the Seine-et-Oise . These four communes were added in the 19th century to the jurisdiction of the Prefecture of Police in order to ensure special protection of the imperial/royal residences located there.

The Seine was disbanded in 1968 and the jurisdiction of the Prefecture of Police is now the city of Paris (which is both a commune and a ) and the three surrounding of Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, Val-de-Marne. This territory made up of four is larger than the pre-1968 Seine .

The Prefecture of Police also has limited jurisdiction over the whole ÃŽle-de-France for the coordination of law enforcement, including combatting cybercrime. The Prefect of Police, acting as Prefect of the Defense Zone of Paris (), is in charge of planning non-military defense measures to keep public order, guarantee the security of public services, and organize rescue operations (in case of natural disaster) for the whole ÃŽle-de-France (which is made up of eight , the four inner ones being the regular jurisdiction of the Prefecture of Police, and the four outer ones being outside of its regular jurisdiction). As such, he coordinates the work of the departmental of ÃŽle-de-France.

Nomination and missions

Headed by a prefect titled The "Prefect of Police", who (as are all prefects) is named by the President in the Council of Ministers, and operates under the Minister of the Interior, commands the Prefecture which is responsible for the following:

* security of Paris, if necessary in collaboration with the military;
* issuing identification cards, driver's licenses, passports, residential and work permits for foreigners;
* motor vehicle registration and traffic control;
* registration of associations, and their creation, status modification and dissolution;
* protection of the environment, general salubrity;
* determining the dates of discount sales in large stores which can be held only twice a year;
* issuing permits to bakeries/boulangeries for their summer vacation to assure that all the bakeries in a given neighborhood are not closed at the same time;
* management of police and firefighters.

The Prefect of Police can issue (local writs) defining rules pertaining to his field of competency. For instance, the rules of operation and security of Paris public parks are issued as joint arrêtés from the Mayor of Paris and the Prefect of Police.

Until 1977, Paris had indeed no elected mayor and the police was essentially in the hands of the . However, the powers of the mayor of Paris were increased at the expense of those of the in 2002, notably for traffic and parking decisions (the retains the responsibility on main thoroughfares such as the Avenue des Champs-Élysées, and on any street during the organization of demonstrations).

There is also a prefect of Paris, prefect for the ÃŽle-de-France region, whose services handle some tasks not devoted to the Police Prefect, such as certain classes of building permits.

Address

* Place Louis Lépine, 1 rue de Lutèce, 75004 Paris (métro Cité)
*Tel: [phone].
*Emergency telephone number: 1-1-2
**Emergency medical service SAMU/ SMUR (Hospital Based) 1-5
**Police 1-7
**Fire Brigade (Operates emergency ambulances as EMS) 1-8

Organization

The PP is headed by a politically appointed prefect who is assisted by the , who is the senior police officer of the force. The Prefecture of Police is divided into three sub-prefectures headed by prefects due to their importance.

Because the Police Prefecture provides some services that are normally provided by city governments, its funding partially comes from the City of Paris and other city governments within its jurisdiction.

In addition to forces from the National Police, the Police Prefecture has traffic wardens or crossing guards who enforce parking rules; it has recently added some wardens that direct traffic at crossroads and other similar duties, known as ''circulation'', with specific uniforms.

Prefect and Director of the Cabinet

Consists of the Cabinet (staff) itself, the Gendarmerie Nationale Liaison Office, and 6 Local Directorates:
*Public Security – uniformed police officers
**Lost and Found Property
**Central Accident Service
*Public Order and Traffic Control – uniformed police who protect public buildings, provide crowd and traffic control services
*Judicial Police () – detectives and investigators (the )
*General Information – records
*Inspectorate – internal affairs
*Paris Fire Brigade – the military unit which provides all fire and emergency ambulance services (other emergency medical services are provided by SAMU/ SMUR)
and other agencies:
*Classified Facility Inspectorate
*Psychiatric Infirmary
*Toxicology Laboratory
*Central Laboratory-explosives, pollution, chemical analysis, electrical and fire safety, etc.

Prefect and Secretary-General for the Administration of the Police

with four Administrative Directorates:
*General Police – Administrative police duties
**Medico-Legal Institute
*Traffic, Transport, and Trade
*Population Protection – public health matters
**Veterinary Service
*Human Resources – personnel, budget, equipment and police labor disputes

Prefect and Secretary-General for the Zone of Defence

with two agencies:
*Defence Zone staff
*Interdepartmental Service for Civil Defence

Resources

*Budget:
**One billion Euros by National government
**488 million Euros by Paris and surrounding departments of the
*Personnel:
**45,860 employees, of which 30,200 police officers
**8,300 Military Personnel of the Paris Fire Brigade
*494 Facilities, stations, and offices
*6,120 vehicles – including police cars, fire trucks, motorcycles, boats, and helicopters

Activities

*350,000 incidents of crime reports
*two million administrative documents issues
*200,000 drivers licenses issued

List of lieutenant generals and prefects of police

Before the French Revolution, the head of the Paris Police was the , whose office was created in March 1667 when the first modern police force in the world was set up by the government of King Louis XIV to police the city of Paris. The office vanished at the start of the French Revolution and police was vested in the hands of the Paris Commune. Reorganized by Napoléon Bonaparte in 1800, the Paris Police has been headed by the since that time.

Lieutenant generals of police

*Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie: March 29, 1667 – January 29, 1697
* Marc Ren̩ de Voyer de Paulmy, marquis d'Argenson: January 29, 1697 РJanuary 28, 1718
* Louis Charles de Machault d'Arnouville (father of French statesman Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville): January 28, 1718 – January 26, 1720
* Marc Pierre de Voyer de Paulmy, comte d'Argenson (son of Marc Ren̩): January 26 РJuly 1, 1720
*Gabriel Taschereau de Baudry: July 1, 1720 – April 26, 1722
*Marc Pierre de Voyer de Paulmy, comte d'Argenson: April 26, 1722 – January 28, 1724
* Nicolas Ravot d'Ombreval: January 28, 1724 – August 28, 1725
* Ren̩ H̩rault (grandfather of French Revolution politician H̩rault de S̩chelles): August 28, 1725 РDecember 21, 1739
* Claude-Henri Feydeau de Marville: December 21, 1739 – May 27, 1747
* Nicolas Ren̩ Berryer: May 27, 1747 РOctober 29, 1757
* Henri L̩onard Jean-Baptiste Bertin: October 29, 1757 РNovember 21, 1759
* Antoine de Sartine: November 21, 1759 – August 24, 1774
* Jean Charles Pierre Lenoir: August 24, 1774 – May 14, 1775
* Joseph d'Albert: May 14, 1775 – June 19, 1776
* Jean Charles Pierre Lenoir: June 19, 1776 – July 31, 1785
* Louis Thiroux de Crosne: July 31, 1785 – July 16, 1789

Source
Centre historique des Archives nationales, Série Y, Châtelet de Paris
on page 38 of the PDF.

Prefects of police

* Louis-Nicolas Dubois: March 8, 1800 – October 14, 1810
* Étienne-Denis Pasquier: October 14, 1810 – May 13, 1814
* Jacques Claude Beugnot: May 13 – December 27, 1814
*Antoine Balthazar Joachim d'Andr̩: December 27, 1814 РMarch 14, 1815
* Louis Antoine Fauvelet de Bourrienne: March 14 – March 20, 1815
* Pierre-Fran̤ois R̩al: March 20 РJuly 3, 1815
* Eustache Marie Pierre Marc-Antoine Courtin: July 3 – July 9, 1815
* Élie Decazes: July 9 – September 29, 1815
* Jules Angl̬s: September 29, 1815 РDecember 20, 1821
* Guy Delavau: December 20, 1821 – January 6, 1828
* Louis-Marie Debelleyme: January 6, 1828 – August 13, 1829
*Claude Mangin: August 13, 1829 – July 30, 1830
* Nicolas Bavoux: July 30 – August 1, 1830
* Louis Gaspard Am̩d̩e Girod de l'Ain: August 1 РNovember 7, 1830
* Achille Lib̩ral Treilhard: November 7 РDecember 26, 1830
* Jean Jacques Baude: December 26, 1830 – February 21, 1831
* Alexandre Fran̤ois Vivien: February 21 РSeptember 17, 1831
* S̩bastien Louis Saulnier: September 17 РOctober 15, 1831
* Henri Gisquet: October 15, 1831 – September 10, 1836
* Gabriel Delessert: September 10, 1836 – February 24, 1848
*Marc Caussidi̬re: February 24 РMay 18, 1848
* Ariste Jacques Trouv̩-Chauvel: May 18 РJuly 19, 1848
* Fran̤ois-Joseph Ducoux: July 19 РOctober 14, 1848
* Guillaume Fran̤ois Gervais: October 14 РDecember 20, 1848
* Ch̩ri Rebillot: December 20, 1848 РNovember 8, 1849
* Pierre Carlier: November 8, 1849 – October 27, 1851
* Charlemagne de Maupas: October 27, 1851 – January 22, 1852
* Sylvain Blot (acting): January 23 – January 27, 1852
* Pierre-Marie Pi̩tri: January 27, 1852 РMarch 16, 1858
* Symphorien Boittelle: March 16, 1858 – February 21, 1866
* (younger brother of Pierre-Marie Pi̩tri): February 21, 1866 РSeptember 4, 1870
* Émile de Kératry: September 4 – October 10, 1870
* Edmond Adam (husband of French writer Juliette Adam): October 11 – November 2, 1870
* Ernest Cresson: November 2, 1870 – February 11, 1871
* Albert Choppin (acting): February 11 – March 16, 1871
* Louis Ernest Valentin: March 16 – November 17, 1871
* L̩on Renault: November 17, 1871 РFebruary 9, 1876
* F̩lix Voisin: February 9, 1876 РDecember 17, 1877
* Albert Gigot: December 17, 1877 – March 3, 1879
* Louis Andrieux (natural father of famous French poet Louis Aragon): March 4, 1879 – July 16, 1881
* Jean Louis Ernest Camescasse: July 16, 1881 – April 23, 1885
* F̩lix-Alexandre Gragnon: April 23, 1885 РNovember 17, 1887
* L̩on Bourgeois: November 17, 1887 РMarch 10, 1888
* Henri Loz̩: March 10, 1888 РJuly 11, 1893
* Louis L̩pine: July 11, 1893 РOctober 14, 1897
* Charles Blanc: October 14, 1897 – June 23, 1899
* Louis L̩pine: June 23, 1899 РMarch 29, 1913
* C̩lestin Hennion: March 30, 1913 РSeptember 2, 1914
* Émile Marie Laurent: September 3, 1914 – June 3, 1917
* Louis Hudelo: June 3 – November 23, 1917
* Fernand Raux: November 23, 1917 – May 13, 1921
* Robert Leullier: May 14, 1921 – July 5, 1922
* Armand Naudin: July 5, 1922 – August 25, 1924
* Benoit Alfred Morain: August 25, 1924 – April 14, 1927
* Jean Chiappe: April 14, 1927 – February 3, 1934
* Adrien Bonnefoy-Sibour: February 3 – March 20, 1934
* Roger Langeron: March 20, 1934 – February 13, 1941
*Camille Marchand (acting): February 13 – May 14, 1941
* Fran̤ois Bard: May 14, 1941 РMay 21, 1942
* Am̩d̩e Bussi̬re: May 21, 1942 РAugust 19, 1944
* Charles Luizet: August 19, 1944 – March 20, 1947
* Armand Ziw̬s (acting): March 20 РMay 27, 1947
* Roger L̩onard: May 27, 1947 РMay 2, 1951
* Jean Baylot: May 2, 1951 – July 13, 1954
* Andr̩ Dubois: July 13, 1954 РNovember 21, 1955
* Roger Genebrier: November 21, 1955 – December 16, 1957
* Andr̩ Lahillonne: December 16, 1957 РMarch 14, 1958
*Maurice Papon: March 15, 1958 – January 18, 1967
* Maurice Grimaud: January 18, 1967 – April 13, 1971
* Jacques Lenoir: April 13, 1971 – July 1, 1973
* Jean Paolini: July 1, 1973 – May 3, 1976
* Pierre Somveille: May 3, 1976 – August 8, 1981
* Jean P̩rier: August 8, 1981 РJune 9, 1983
* Guy Fougier: June 9, 1983 – July 17, 1986
* Jean Paolini: July 17, 1986 – August 16, 1988
* Pierre Verbrugghe: August 16, 1988 – April 30, 1993
* Philippe Massoni: April 30, 1993 – April 9, 2001
* Jean-Paul Proust: April 9, 2001 – December 6, 2004
* Pierre Mutz: December 6, 2004 – June 11, 2007
* Michel Gaudin: June 11, 2007 – May 2012
*Bernard Boucault

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