
A level crossing is an intersection where a
railway line crosses a road,
path, or (in rare situations) airport runway, at the same level,
as opposed to the railway line crossing over or under using an
overpass
An overpass (called an overbridge or flyover in the United Kingdom and some other Commonwealth countries) is a bridge, road, railway or similar structure that crosses over another road or railway. An ''overpass'' and ''underpass'' together form ...
or
tunnel. The term also applies when a
light rail line with separate
right-of-way or
reserved track crosses a road in the same fashion. Other names include railway level crossing,
railway crossing (chiefly international), grade crossing or railroad crossing (chiefly American), road through railroad, criss-cross, train crossing, and RXR (abbreviated).
There are more than 100,000 level crossings in Europe and more than 200,000 in North America.
History

The history of level crossings depends on the location, but often early level crossings had a
flagman in a nearby booth who would, on the approach of a train, wave a red flag or lantern to stop all traffic and clear the tracks. Gated crossings became commonplace in many areas, as they protected the railway from people trespassing and livestock, and they protected the users of the crossing when closed by the signalman/gateman. In the second quarter o