Grünhut Lazar (May 10, 1850 – February 2, 1913, ) was a Hungarian

rabbi A rabbi (; ) is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi—known as ''semikha''—following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of t ...

and writer. He is especially renowned for his research & publications in the field of

Midrash ''Midrash'' (;"midrash"
. ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. ; or ''midrashot' ...

. Lazar was born at Gerenda,

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

on May 10, 1850. Receiving his diploma as rabbi while a mere youth, he went to Berlin, where he attended the lectures of Dr.

Israel Hildesheimer Azriel Hildesheimer (also Esriel and Israel, ; 11 May 1820 – 12 June 1899) was a German rabbi and leader of Orthodox Judaism. He is regarded as a pioneering moderniser of Orthodox Judaism in Germany and as a founder of Modern Orthodox Judaism ...

at the rabbinical seminary, as well as those at the university. He graduated (Ph.D.) from the

University of Bern The University of Bern (, , ) is a public university, public research university in the Switzerland, Swiss capital of Bern. It was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the canton of Bern. It is a comprehensive university offering a br ...

. For eleven years he officiated as rabbi at Temesvár, Hungary. In 1892, he moved to

Jerusalem Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. It is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world, and ...

on invitation to be director of the Jewish

orphanage An orphanage is a residential institution, total institution or group home, devoted to the care of orphans and children who, for various reasons, cannot be cared by their biological families. The parents may be deceased, absent, or abusi ...

. There he was active in teaching and in

Zionist Zionism is an Ethnic nationalism, ethnocultural nationalist movement that emerged in History of Europe#From revolution to imperialism (1789–1914), Europe in the late 19th century that aimed to establish and maintain a national home for the ...

political activism Activism consists of efforts to promote, impede, direct or intervene in social, political, economic or environmental reform with the desire to make changes in society toward a perceived common good. Forms of activism range from mandate build ...

. He was active in the Mizrachi movement and was their representative in the

Zionist Congress The Zionist Congress was established in 1897 by Theodor Herzl as the supreme organ of the Zionist Organization (ZO) and its legislative authority. In 1960 the names were changed to World Zionist Congress ( ''HaKongres HaTsioni HaOlami'') and Wor ...

. He died in

Petah Tikva Petah Tikva (, ), also spelt Petah Tiqwa and known informally as Em HaMoshavot (), is a city in the Central District (Israel), Central District of Israel, east of Tel Aviv. It was founded in 1878, mainly by Haredi Judaism, Haredi Jews of the Old Y ...

on February 2, 1913.

Grünhut's works

* "Kritische Untersuchung des Midrasch

Kohelet Rabbah Ecclesiastes Rabbah or Kohelet Rabbah (Hebrew: קהלת רבה) is an aggadic commentary on Ecclesiastes, included in the collection of the Midrash Rabbot. It follows the biblical book verse by verse, only a few verses remaining without commentar ...

" (Berlin, 1892); * "Das Verbot des Genusses von Gesäuertem am Rüsttage des Pessachfestes," in "Zeit. für Evangelische Theologie," 1894–98; * "Midrash Shir ha-Shirim

(Jerusalem, 1897); * "Sefer ha-Liḳḳuṭim," i.-vi. (Jerusalem, 1898–1903); * "Ezra und Nehemia, Kritisch Erläutert," part 1 (ib. 1899); * "

Saadia Gaon Saʿadia ben Yosef Gaon (892–942) was a prominent rabbi, Geonim, gaon, Jews, Jewish philosopher, and exegesis, exegete who was active in the Abbasid Caliphate. Saadia is the first important rabbinic figure to write extensively in Judeo-Arabic ...

und Sein Commentar zum Buche Daniel" (

St. Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. The city had a population of 5,601, ...

, 1899); * "Saadia Gaon und Sein Commentar zu (Daniel,) Ezra und Nehemia" (ib. 1902); * " Yalkut ha-Machiri zu den SprüchenSalomos" (Jerusalem, 1902); * "Die Reisebeschreibungen des R. Benjamin von Tudela", published from manuscripts, with translations and introduction (ib. 1903).

Bibliography

Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography

* Das Rabbiner-Seminar zu Berlin, p. 41, Berlin, 1898.S.

other bibliography

Getzel Kressel Elyakim Getzel Kressel (; 12 June 1911 – 9 September 1986) was an Israeli bibliographer and writer. Biography Getzel Kressel was born in Zablotov, Galicia (now Zabolotiv, Ukraine) in 1911, and immigrated to the Mandatory Palestine in 1930. H ...

, Cyclopaedia of modern Hebrew Literature (Leksīqōn has-sifrūt hā'ibrīt be-dōrōt ha-aharōnīm) 1965, (Hebrew).

References

* . {{DEFAULTSORT:Grunhut, Lazar 1850 births 1913 deaths Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the Ottoman Empire University of Bern alumni Zionist activists Jews from Ottoman Palestine Jewish educators Religious Zionist Orthodox rabbis Talmudists Contributors to the Jewish Encyclopedia Jewish encyclopedists Burials at Segula Cemetery Immigrants to Ottoman Palestine Immigrants of the First Aliyah