Las Orquídeas National Natural Park (

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...

: ''Parque Nacional Natural Las Orquídeas'' or ''PNN Las Orquídeas'') is a

national park A national park is a nature park designated for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes because of unparalleled national natural, historic, or cultural significance. It is an area of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that is protecte ...

in the Cordillera Occidental,

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

. Established in 1974, the park encompasses on the western slopes of Colombia's Cordillera Occidental. The park covers a large elevational range (300–3,450 m). The climate is generally humid with an annual rainfall of 3,000-4,000 mm, dropping to 2,500 mm at highest elevations, and ranges from tropical lowland to alpine. The range in elevation and climate creates a diversity of plant communities, including lowland rainforest (ca. 300–1,000 m), premontane forest (ca. 1,000–2,000 m),

montane forest Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures lapse rate, fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is ...

(ca. 2,000–3,200 m), and high-elevation

páramo Páramo () may refer to a variety of alpine tundra ecosystems located in the Andes Mountain Range, South America. Some ecologists describe the páramo broadly as "all high, tropical, montane vegetation above the continuous timberline". A narrower ...

grassland (ca. 3,200–3,450 m).Flora Of Las Orquídeas National Park
New York Botanical Garden. Accessed 4 February 2023.

References

{{authority control National parks of Colombia Nature reserves in Colombia Protected areas established in 1974 1974 establishments in Colombia Northwestern Andean montane forests Chocó–Darién moist forests