The Lago do Capanã Grande Extractive Reserve () is an

extractive reserve An extractive reserve ( or RESEX) is a type of sustainable use protected area in Brazil. The land is publicly owned, but the people who live there have the right to traditional extractive practices, such as hunting, fishing and harvesting wild pla ...

in the state of Amazonas.

Location

The Lago do Capanã Grande Extractive Reserve is in the municipality of

Manicoré Manicoré is a municipality located in the south-east of the Brazilian state of Amazonas. History Manicoré's origins date back to 1637, with the expedition of Pedro Teixeira, a Portuguese explorer and military man. The authorities of Grão-P ...

, Amazonas. It has an area of . The reserve is bounded by the

BR-319 BR-319 is an federal highway that links Manaus, Amazonas to Porto Velho, Rondônia. The highway runs through a pristine part of the Amazon rainforest. It was opened by the military government in 1973 but soon deteriorated, and by 1988 was imp ...

highway along the northwest border. To the southwest the reserve adjoins the Nascentes do Lago Jari National Park. The southeast boundary of the reserve is close to the

Madeira River The Madeira River ( ) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near or in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of ...

and is crossed by Lago do Capanã (Capanã Lake), after which the reserve is named. To the northeast it adjoins the Rio Amapá Sustainable Development Reserve. The terrain is flat or slightly undulating. The region is mainly drained by the

. The main streams within the reserve are the Capanã igarapé and the Amapá River, a tributary of the Matupiri River. There are many other smaller streams or bayous, some completely dry in the dry season. The reserve contains the Barbaço and Matupá lakes.

Environment

Temperatures range from with an average of . Average annual rainfall is . Vegetation includes terra firma forests with emergent canopy and palm trees,

igapó (, from Tupi language, Old Tupi: "root forest") is a word used in Brazil for Blackwater river, blackwater-flooded forests in the Amazon biome. These forests and similar swamp forests are seasonally inundated with freshwater. They typically occur ...

, chavascal,

várzea forest A várzea forest is a seasonal floodplain forest inundated by whitewater rivers that occurs in the Amazon biome. Until the late 1970s, the definition was less clear and várzea was often used for all periodically flooded Amazonian forests. Althoug ...

, campina and

campinarana Campinarana (NT0158, ), also called Rio Negro Campinarana, is a neotropical ecoregion in the Amazon biome of the north west of Brazil, southern Venezuela, and the east of Colombia that contains vegetation adapted to extremely poor soil. It includ ...

. The reserve has rich and diverse vegetation. So far 160 species of flora have been identified, including rubber trees, Brazil wood, Brazil nut and rosewood. Fifty species of mammal have been identified including

jaguar The jaguar (''Panthera onca'') is a large felidae, cat species and the only extant taxon, living member of the genus ''Panthera'' that is native to the Americas. With a body length of up to and a weight of up to , it is the biggest cat spe ...

otter Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which includes weasels, badgers, mink, and wolverines, among ...

giant otter The giant otter or giant river otter (''Pteronura brasiliensis'') is a South American carnivorous mammal. It is the longest member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to . Atypical of mustel ...

, brown woolly monkey, robust capuchin monkey,

night monkey Night monkeys, also known as owl monkeys or douroucoulis (), are nocturnal New World monkeys of the genus ''Aotus'', the only member of the family Aotidae (). The genus comprises eleven species which are found across Panama and much of South Am ...

kinkajou The kinkajou ( /ˈkɪŋkədʒuː/ ''KING-kə-joo''; ''Potos flavus'') is a tropical rainforest mammal of the family Procyonidae related to olingos, coatis, raccoons, and the ringtail and cacomistle. It is the only member of the genus ''Pot ...

, black-tufted marmoset,

cabassous ''Cabassous'' is a genus of South and Central American armadillos. The name is the Latinised form of the Carib language, Kalini word for "armadillo". Cladogram of living ''Cabassous'' The genus contains the following four species: Reference ...

giant anteater The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an Insectivore, insectivorous mammal native to Central America, Central and South America. It is the largest of the four living species of anteaters, which are classified with sloths in the or ...

and

three-toed sloth The three-toed or three-fingered sloths are arboreal neotropical mammals. They are the only members of the genus ''Bradypus'' (meaning "slow-footed") and the family Bradypodidae. The five living species of three-toed sloths are the brown-throa ...

. 53 species of fish are known, 257 species of birds, 11 species of amphibians and 36 species of reptiles.

History

The Lago do Capanã Grande Extractive Reserve was created by federal decree on 4 June 2004. It is administered by the

Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation ( Portuguese: ''Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade'', ICMBio) is a government agency under the administration of the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment. It is nam ...

, a federal agency. It is classed as

IUCN protected area category IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The enlisting of such areas is part ...

VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources). The objective is to ensure sustainable use and conservation of renewable natural resources while protecting the livelihoods and culture of the local population. On 27 July 2004 INCRA recognised the reserve, so the resident families would qualify for

PRONAF The agricultural sector in Brazil is historically one of the principal bases of Economy of Brazil, Brazil's economy. In 2024, Brazil was the second-biggest grain exporter in the world, with 19% of the international market share, and the fourth ...

support. The advisory board was created on 13 March 2007. ICMBio was given responsibility for the reserve of 26 July 2010. An ordinance of 9 January 2012 established a joint planning process for conservation units in the BR-319 area of influence, which are the Abufari Biological Reserve, Cuniã Ecological Station, Nascentes do Lago Jari National Park,

Mapinguari National Park Mapinguari National Park () is a National park (Brazil), national park in the states of Rondônia and Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonas, Brazil. It covers a large area of Amazon rainforest. The boundaries have been adjusted several times. Loca ...

, Balata-Tufari National Forest,

Humaitá National Forest The Humaitá National Forest () is a National forest (Brazil), national forest in the state of Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonas, Brazil. Location The Humaitá National Forest is in the Humaitá, Amazonas, Humaitá municipality of the state o ...

, Iquiri National Forest, Lago do Capanã-Grande Extractive Reserve, Ituxi Extractive Reserve, Médio Purus Extractive Reserve and Lago do Cuniã Extractive Reserve. The management plan for the Lago do Capanã Grande Extractive Reserve was approved on 12 September 2013.

Notes

Sources

* * * * {{authority control 2004 establishments in Brazil Extractive reserves of Brazil Protected areas of Amazonas (Brazilian state)