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() is an Italian progressive weekly
news magazine A news magazine is a typed, printed, and published magazine, radio, or television program, usually published weekly, consisting of articles about current events. News magazines generally discuss stories in greater depth than newspapers or new ...
. It is one of the two most prominent Italian weeklies; the other is the conservative magazine . Since 2022, it has been published by BFC Media. From 7 August 2016 to 10 September 2023, it was published on Sundays in mandatory combination with the newspaper .


History and profile

One of Italy's foremost news magazines, was founded in
Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...
, Italy, as a weekly magazine in October 1955, by the N.E.R. () publishing house of Carlo Caracciolo and the progressive industrialist
Adriano Olivetti Adriano Olivetti (11 April 1901 – 27 February 1960) was an Italian engineer, entrepreneur, politician, and industrialist. He was known worldwide during his lifetime as the Italian manufacturer of Olivetti brand typewriters, calculators, and com ...
, manufacturer of Olivetti typewriters. Its chief editors were Arrigo Benedetti and Eugenio Scalfari.Carlo Caracciolo: newspaper publisher who set up La Repubblica
''The Times'', 8 January 2009
was characterized from the beginning by aggressive
investigative journalism Investigative journalism is a form of journalism in which reporters deeply investigate a single topic of interest, such as serious crimes, racial injustice, political corruption, or corporate wrongdoing. An investigative journalist may spend m ...
strongly focused on corruption and clientelism within the
Christian Democracy Christian democracy is an ideology inspired by Christian social teaching to respond to the challenges of contemporary society and politics. Christian democracy has drawn mainly from Catholic social teaching and neo-scholasticism, as well ...
ruling party of post-war Italy. In the 1950s, it uncovered major scandals in the health and housing industries. This made the main shareholder Olivetti unpopular with the ministries and large companies that were the primary customers of his main business. In 1956, with the magazine losing money, Olivetti gave a majority of shares to Caracciolo. De Benedetti and Scalfari entered as major shareholders as well. The experienced De Benedetti, who had directed the news magazine (1945–1954), was
editor-in-chief An editor-in-chief (EIC), also known as lead editor or chief editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies. The editor-in-chief heads all departments of the organization and is held accoun ...
until 1963, when he handed the position over to Scalfari. At the time the average circulation reached 70,000 copies.History
, Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso (Retrieved 30 January 2010)
In 1968, Scalfari was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies (1968–1972) and handed over editorship to . The magazine's original format was that of large newspaper; it was converted into a small glossy format in 1974. In 1965, it introduced colour printing for photos, text, and adverts. In 1975, the publishing company N.E.R. changed its corporate title to ; circulation at the time exceeded 300,000 copies. In January 1976, the also launched the daily newspaper , with Scalfari as editor-in-chief, in a joint venture with Arnoldo Mondadori Editore. In 1967, revealed the attempted 1964 coup d'état by General that became known as Piano Solo. In 1976, it conducted a strong campaign against the then Italian president Giovanni Leone for his alleged involvement in the Lockheed scandal. During the 1970s and 1980s, it strongly supported the campaigns for divorce and
abortion Abortion is the early termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. Abortions that occur without intervention are known as miscarriages or "spontaneous abortions", and occur in roughly 30–40% of all pregnan ...
. From the mid-1970s onwards, a fierce competition developed with Italy's other major news magazine, , founded in 1962. The rivalry increased dramatically in the early 1990s, when
Silvio Berlusconi Silvio Berlusconi ( ; ; 29 September 193612 June 2023) was an Italian Media proprietor, media tycoon and politician who served as the prime minister of Italy in three governments from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a mem ...
—already controlling —attempted to absorb as well. The clash between Berlusconi and Carlo De Benedetti over the control of the Mondadori Group resulted in a break-up of assets, leading to the creation of the Espresso Group in its current form, with the CIR Group as majority shareholder. Renowned journalists and writers who worked for include Giorgio Bocca,
Umberto Eco Umberto Eco (5 January 1932 – 19 February 2016) was an Italian Medieval studies, medievalist, philosopher, Semiotics, semiotician, novelist, cultural critic, and political and social commentator. In English, he is best known for his popular ...
, Giampaolo Pansa, Enzo Biagi, Michele Serra, Marco Travaglio, Roberto Saviano, Naomi Klein, and Jeremy Rifkin. In 2002, Daniela Hamaui was appointed editor-in-chief of the weekly, becoming the first woman to hold the post. is based in Rome but its business and finance newsroom is in
Milan Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...
, now under property. The editor is . has a website with news and blogs. In May 2016, set up a secure platform based on GlobaLeaks technology to collect testimonials about torture and human rights abuse from Egyptian
whistleblower Whistleblowing (also whistle-blowing or whistle blowing) is the activity of a person, often an employee, revealing information about activity within a private or public organization that is deemed illegal, immoral, illicit, unsafe, unethical or ...
s, and to seek justice for Giulio Regeni and for every Regeni in Egypt. In November 2023, joined with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, , and 69 media partners including Distributed Denial of Secrets and the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP), and more than 270 journalists in 55 countries and territories, to produce the " Cyprus Confidential" report on the financial network which supports the regime of
Vladimir Putin Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (born 7 October 1952) is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who has served as President of Russia since 2012, having previously served from 2000 to 2008. Putin also served as Prime Minister of Ru ...
, mostly with connections to Cyprus, and showed Cyprus to have strong links with high-up figures in the Kremlin, some of whom have been sanctioned. Government officials, including Cyprus president Nikos Christodoulides, as well as European lawmakers, began responding to the investigation's findings in less than 24 hours, calling for reforms and launching probes.


Open letter to on the Pinelli case

The open letter to on the Pinelli case, also mentioned as an appeal or manifesto against Commissioner
Luigi Calabresi Luigi Calabresi (14 November 1937 – 17 May 1972) was an Italian ''Polizia di Stato'' officer in Milan. Responsible for investigating far-left political movements, Calabresi was assassinated in 1972 by members of ''Lotta Continua'', who blamed ...
, is a document published on 13 June 1971 by the weekly , with which numerous politicians, journalists, and intellectuals asked for the dismissal of some officials, believed to be the authors of serious omissions and negligence in ascertaining responsibility for the death of Giuseppe Pinelli, who fell from a window while he was in custody at the Milan police as part of the investigations into the Piazza Fontana bombing conducted by Commissioner Calabresi, who slanderously indicated him as responsible. On 10 June 1971, the letter was initially signed by ten signatories: Marino Berengo, Anna Maria Brizio, Elvio Fachinelli, Lucio Gambi, Giulio A. Maccacaro, Cesare Musatti, Enzo Paci, Carlo Salinari, Vladimiro Scatturin, and Mario Spinella. The open letter was published in the weekly on 13 June 1971 on the sidelines of an article by Camilla Cederna entitled "Twists and turns of karate. The latest incredible developments of the Pinelli case". The title was inspired by the hypothesis, which emerged from some early rumors about the wounds found on Pinelli's body and supported by Lotta Continua headed by Adriano Sofri and other left-wing extra-parliamentary circles, that Pinelli's defenestration was caused by a karate blow. In the following weeks, from 20 to 27 June 1971, the letter was republished, with the support of 757 signatures which included Gae Aulenti, Marco Bellocchio, Bernardo Bertolucci,
Tinto Brass Giovanni "Tinto" Brass (born 26 March 1933) is an Italian film director and screenwriter. In the 1960s and 1970s, he directed many critically acclaimed avant-garde films of various genres. Today, he is mainly known for his later work in the Erot ...
, Liliana Cavani, Toni Negri, Eugenio Scalfari, and Oliviero Toscani.


Circulation

's circulation was 300,057 copies in 1984, and rose to 400,334 copies in 2007, making it the fourth best-selling news magazine in Italy. It was 334,260 copies in 2010, 239,000 in 2013, based on the report of the , and 195,787 in June 2014.Data
''Accertamenti Diffusione Stampa''


Editors

* Arrigo Benedetti (1955–1963) * Eugenio Scalfari (1963–1968) * (1968–1970) * (1970–1984) * (1984–1991) * Claudio Rinaldi (1991–1999) * (1999–2002) * Daniela Hamaui (2002–2010) * (2010–2014) *Luigi Vicinanza (2014–2016) *Tommaso Cerno (2016–2017) *Marco Damilano (2017–present)


Signatures

's past contributors have included such well-known journalists and
columnists A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Column (periodical), Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the ...
as
Umberto Eco Umberto Eco (5 January 1932 – 19 February 2016) was an Italian Medieval studies, medievalist, philosopher, Semiotics, semiotician, novelist, cultural critic, and political and social commentator. In English, he is best known for his popular ...
, Giampaolo Pansa, Giorgio Bocca, Enzo Biagi, , and Edmondo Berson. Its notable current contributors include Eugenio Scalfari, Michele Serra, , Marco Travaglio, , , Massimo Cacciari, Alessandro Longo, Gianni Vattimo,
Umberto Veronesi Umberto Veronesi (; 28 November 1925 – 8 November 2016) was an Italian oncologist, physician, scientist, and politician, internationally known for his contributions on prevention and treatment of breast cancer throughout a career spanning ove ...
, Luigi Zingales, the Vatican correspondent Sandro Magister, the writer Roberto Saviano, and the economist Jeremy Rifkin.


Contributors

* Enzo Biagi * Giorgio Bocca * Massimo Cacciari * Rita Cirio *
Umberto Eco Umberto Eco (5 January 1932 – 19 February 2016) was an Italian Medieval studies, medievalist, philosopher, Semiotics, semiotician, novelist, cultural critic, and political and social commentator. In English, he is best known for his popular ...
* Carlo Fruttero * Massimiliano Fuksas * Daria Galateria * Fabrizio Gatti * Tahar Ben Jelloun * Naomi Klein * Franco Lucentini * Sandro Magister *
Alberto Moravia Alberto Pincherle (; 28 November 1907 – 26 September 1990), known by his pseudonym Alberto Moravia ( , ), was an Italian novelist and journalist. His novels explored matters of modern sexuality, social alienation and existentialism. Moravia i ...
* Moisés Naím * Jeremy Rifkin * Roberto Saviano * Michele Serra * Lorenzo Soria * Andrzej Stasiuk * Marco Travaglio * Gianni Vattimo * Bruno Zevi


See also

* List of magazines in Italy


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Espresso 1955 establishments in Italy GEDI Gruppo Editoriale Italian-language magazines News magazines published in Italy Political magazines published in Italy Weekly magazines published in Italy Magazines established in 1955 Magazines published in Rome