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King Xuan of Zhou, personal name Ji Jing, was the eleventh king of the Chinese
Zhou Dynasty
The Zhou dynasty ( ; Old Chinese ( B&S): *''tiw'') was a royal dynasty of China that followed the Shang dynasty. Having lasted 789 years, the Zhou dynasty was the longest dynastic regime in Chinese history. The military control of China by th ...
. Estimated dates of his reign are 827/25–782 BC.
He worked to restore royal authority after the Gong He interregnum. He fought the 'Western Barbarians' (probably
Xianyun
The Xianyun (; Old Chinese: ( ZS) *''g.ramʔ-lunʔ''; (Schuessler) *''hɨamᴮ-juinᴮ'' < *''hŋamʔ-junʔ'') was an ancient nomadic tribe that invaded the
) and another group on the
Huai River
The Huai River (), Postal Map Romanization, formerly romanization of Chinese, romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in China. It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze, the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins ...
to the southeast. In his ninth year he called a meeting of all the lords. Later he intervened militarily in succession struggles in the states of Lu, Wey and Qi.
Sima Qian
Sima Qian (; ; ) was a Chinese historian of the early Han dynasty (206AD220). He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his ''Records of the Grand Historian'', a general history of China covering more than two thousand years b ...
says "from this time on, the many lords mostly rebelled against royal commands." According to Zhang Shoujie's annotation ''Correct Meanings'' (史記正義) to
Sima Qian
Sima Qian (; ; ) was a Chinese historian of the early Han dynasty (206AD220). He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his ''Records of the Grand Historian'', a general history of China covering more than two thousand years b ...
's
Records of the Grand Historian
''Records of the Grand Historian'', also known by its Chinese name ''Shiji'', is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's 24 dynastic histories. The ''Records'' was written in the early 1st century by the ancient Chinese hist ...
,Volume 4 quote: "周春秋云宣王殺杜伯" king Xuan is said to have killed the innocent Du Bo (Duke of Tangdu, 唐杜公) and according to tradition was himself killed by an arrow fired by Du Bo's ghost. His son,
King You of Zhou
King You of Zhou (; 795–771 BC), personal name Ji Gongsheng, was the twelfth king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the last of Western Zhou Dynasty. He reigned from 781 to 771 BC.
History
In 780 BC, a major earthquake hit Guanzhong. A soothsa ...
was the last king of the Western Zhou.
The Stone Drums of Qin were long mistakenly ascribed to King Xuan.
Family
Queens:
* Queen Xian of Zhou, of the Lü lineage of the Jiang clan of Qi (), known as
Queen Jiang
Queen Jiang (), or Qi Jiang, was the consort of King Xuan of Zhou and the mother of King You of Zhou. She was a daughter of the duke of Qi, and as such a member of the Jiang clan which traditionally provided brides to marry the princes of the Zh ...
; a daughter of
Duke Wu of Qi
Duke Wu of Qi (; died 825 BC) was from 850 to 825 BC the eighth recorded ruler of the State of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Shou (呂壽), ancestral name Jiang ( 姜), and Duke Wu was his posthumo ...
; married in 826 BC; the mother of Crown Prince Gongsheng
Concubines:
* Lady Hou ()
* Nü Jiu ()
Sons:
* Crown Prince Gongsheng (; d. 771 BC), ruled as
King You of Zhou
King You of Zhou (; 795–771 BC), personal name Ji Gongsheng, was the twelfth king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the last of Western Zhou Dynasty. He reigned from 781 to 771 BC.
History
In 780 BC, a major earthquake hit Guanzhong. A soothsa ...
from 781–771 BC
* Prince Yuchen (; d. 750 BC), claimed the throne as
King Xie of Zhou
King Xie of Zhou (died 750 BCE) claimed sovereignty during the final stages of the Chinese Western Zhou Dynasty (1046–771 BCE). After King You of Zhou replaced the then Queen Shen with his concubine Bao Si, whilst at the same time substituting Yi ...
from 770–750 BC
* Prince Changfu (), ruled as the Marquis of
Yang
Yang may refer to:
* Yang, in yin and yang, one half of the two symbolic polarities in Chinese philosophy
* Korean yang, former unit of currency of Korea from 1892 to 1902
* YANG, a data modeling language for the NETCONF network configuration pr ...
Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
This is a family tree of Chinese monarchs covering the period of the Five Emperors up through the end of the Spring and Autumn period.
Five Emperors
The legendary Five Emperors were traditionally regarded as the founders of the Chinese state. ...