Królewicz (,
f. ''królewna'' ; plural forms ''królewicze'' and ''królewny'') was the title given to the sons and daughters of the king of
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
(and Grand Duke of Lithuania at the same time), later the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ...
. It was similar in its distinctiveness to the Spanish and Portuguese title of
infante
Infante (, ; f. ''infanta''), also anglicised as "infant" or translated as "prince", is the title and rank given in the Iberian kingdoms of Spain (including the predecessor kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, Navarre, and León) and Portugal to the ...
, also reserved to the children of the monarch. Though, it was used only to denote one's status as a King's child. ''Królewicz'' and ''królewna'' has no direct equivalent in other languages and was translated to the English ''prince'' and German ''Prinz'', like dynasts of a royal house. ''Królewicze'' since the 16th century could not also be regarded as and equivalent to the
princes of the blood, because the
Polish monarchy
Poland was ruled at various times either by dukes and princes (10th to 14th centuries) or by kings (11th to 18th centuries). During the latter period, a tradition of Royal elections in Poland, free election of monarchs made it a uniquely electab ...
was
not hereditary since 1573, when after the death of the last
Jagiellon king, future
Henry III of France
Henry III (; ; ; 19 September 1551 – 2 August 1589) was King of France from 1574 until his assassination in 1589, as well as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1573 to 1575.
As the fourth son of King Henry II of France, he ...
was
elected. In official
Latin
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...
titulature children of Polish kings were often styled as ''Poloniae princeps'' or ''princeps Poloniae'', meaning Prince/ss of Poland or Polish prince/ss. In more official way, the full style of sons of monarchs was ''Dei Gratia regius princeps Poloniae et Lithuaniae'' for the sons.
Polish ''królewicze'' and ''królewny''
Polish monarchs with legitimate children and their offspring (since the House of Jagiellon):
*
Władysław II Jagiełło
Jogaila (; 1 June 1434), later Władysław II Jagiełło (),Other names include (; ) (see also Names and titles of Władysław II Jagiełło) was Grand Duke of Lithuania beginning in 1377 and starting in 1386, becoming King of Poland as well. ...
**
Elżbieta Bonifacja (1399)
**
Jadwiga (1408–1431)
**
Władysław (1424-1444) (later King)
** Kazimierz (1426-1427)
**
Kazimierz (1427-1492) (later King)
*
Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk:
**
Władysław (1456–1516) (later King of Bohemia and Hungary)
**
Jadwiga (1457–1502)
**
Saint Kazimierz (1458–1484)
**
Jan Olbracht (1459–1501) (later King)
**
Aleksander (1461–1506) (later King)
**
Zofia (1464–1512)
**
Elżbieta (1465–1466)
**
Zygmunt Zygmunt, Zigmunt, Zigmund and spelling variations thereof are masculine given names and occasionally surnames. It has the same etymology as the Germanic name Zigmund. People so named include:
Given name Medieval period
* Sigismund I the Old (1467� ...
(1467–1548) (later King)
**
Fryderyk (1468–1503)
**
Elżbieta (1472–1480/1481)
**
Anna (1476–1503)
**
Barbara (1478–1534)
**
Elżbieta (1482–1517)
*
Zygmunt I Stary:
**
Jadwiga (1513–1573)
**
Anna (1515-1520)
**
Izabella (1519-1559)
**
Zygmunt Zygmunt, Zigmunt, Zigmund and spelling variations thereof are masculine given names and occasionally surnames. It has the same etymology as the Germanic name Zigmund. People so named include:
Given name Medieval period
* Sigismund I the Old (1467� ...
(1520-1572) (later King)
**
Zofia (1522–1575)
**
Anna (1523–1596) (later King)
**
Katarzyna (1526-1583)
**
Olbracht (1527)
*
Zygmunt III Waza (also King of Sweden):
**
Anna Maria (1593-1600)
** Katarzyna (1594)
**
Władysław (1595-1648) (later King)
** Katarzyna (1596-1597)
** Krzysztof (1598)
** Jan Kazimierz (1607-1608)
**
Jan Kazimierz (1609-1672) (later King)
**
Jan Albert (1612-1634)
**
Karol Ferdynand (1613-1655) (later Duke of Opole)
**
Aleksander Karol (1614-1634)
** Anna Konstancja (1616)
**
Anna Katarzyna Konstancja (1619-1651)
*
Władysław IV Waza:
**
Zygmunt Kazimierz (1640-1647)
** Maria Anna Izabela (1642)
*
Jan II Kazimierz Waza:
**
Maria Anna Teresa (1650-1651)
**
Jan Zygmunt (1652)
*
Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki:
** NN (son) (1670)
*
Jan III Sobieski:
**
Jakub Ludwik (1667-1737)
** Adelajda Ludwika (1672-1677)
**
Maria Teresa (1673-1675)
** NN (daughter) (1674)
**
Teresa Kunegunda (1676-1730)
** NN (daughter) (1678)
**
Aleksander Benedykt (1677-1714)
**
Konstanty Władysław (1680-1726)
** Jan (1683-1685)
*
August II Mocny (also Elector of Saxony):
**
Fryderyk August (1696-1763) (later elected King)
*
Stanisław Leszczyński
Stanisław I Leszczyński (Stanisław Bogusław; 20 October 1677 – 23 February 1766), also Anglicized and Latinized as Stanislaus I, was twice King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and at various times Prince of Deux-Ponts, Duk ...
(also Duke of Lorraine and Bar):
**
Maria (1703-1768)
**
Anna (1699-1717)
*
August III Sas (also Elector of Saxony):
[Jacek Staszewski, ''August III Sas'', Wrocław 2010]
** Fryderyk August(1720-1721)
** Józef August (1721-1728)
**
Fryderyk Krystian (1722-1763) (later Elector of Saxony and progenitor of the Kings of Saxony)
**
Maria Amalia (1724-1760)
**
Maria Małgorzata (1727-1734)
**
Maria Anna (1728-1797)
**
Franciszek Ksawery (1730-1806)
**
Maria Józefa (1731-1767)
**
Karol Krystian (1733-1796) (later Duke of Courland and Semigallia)
**
Maria Krystyna (1735-1782) (later Abbess of Remiremont)
**
Maria Elżbieta (1736-1818)
**
Albert Kazimierz (1738-1822) (later Duke of Teschen)
**
Klemens Wacław (1739-1812) (later Archbishop-Elector of Trier)
**
Maria Kunegunda (1740-1826) (later Abbess of Thorn and Abbess of Essen)
See also
*
Crown prince
A crown prince or hereditary prince is the heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy. The female form of the title, crown princess, is held by a woman who is heir apparent or is married to the heir apparent.
''Crown prince ...
*
Prince du sang
*
Princess Maria Augusta of Saxony - styled as ''Polish infanta''
References
Noble titles
Polish words and phrases
Polish royalty
Lithuanian nobility