Kranenburg, Lower Saxony
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Kranenburg is a municipality in the district
Stade Stade (; ), officially the Hanseatic City of Stade (, ) is a city in Lower Saxony in northern Germany. First mentioned in records in 934, it is the seat of the Stade (district), district () which bears its name. It is located roughly to the wes ...
, Lower Saxony, Germany, lying on the river
Oste Oste () is a river in northern Lower Saxony, Germany with a length of . It is a left tributary of the Elbe. The Oste flows through the Harburg (district), districts of Harburg, Rotenburg (district), Rotenburg, Stade (district), Stade and Cuxhav ...
. It consists of the villages Kranenburg and Brobergen and is part of the
Samtgemeinde A (, ; plural: ''Samtgemeinden'') is a type of administrative division in Lower Saxony, Germany. ''Samtgemeinden'' are local government associations of Municipalities of Germany, municipalities, equivalent to the ''Amt (administrative division) ...
Oldendorf-Himmelpforten Oldendorf-Himmelpforten is a ''Samtgemeinde'' ("collective municipality") in the district of Stade, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2014 by the merger of the former ''Samtgemeinden'' Oldendorf and Himmelpforten. Its seat is i ...
. It has a population of 772 as at December 31, 2003, of which 546 in Kranenburg and 226 in
Brobergen Brobergen (Low German, Low Saxon: ''Brobargen'') is a village in the German municipality of Kranenburg, Lower Saxony, Kranenburg in the district of Stade (district), Stade, Lower Saxony. The village of 6.06 km² has 220 inhabitants (July 1, 20 ...
. Both villages lie on the right side of the Oste river, but part of the municipality lies on the left side, called "Hollander Höfe", which was the old ancestral seat of the gentry family "von Brobergen". There is a ferry in Brobergen crossing the Oste, connecting the "Hollander Höfe" with the village of Brobergen. It is a station of the "
Deutsche Fährstraße The Deutsche Fährstraße (''German Ferry Street''), established in May 2004, is a theme route similar to the American National Scenic Byways. It connects various places between Bremervörde and Kiel with relation to the history of ferries and cro ...
". The place lies on the border of the
marsh In ecology, a marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous plants rather than by woody plants.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p More in genera ...
land near the Oste. The river Mehe, a tributary of the Oste, has its estuary near Brobergen. The village Brobergen was an own municipality, but then got part of Kranenburg in the course of a reformation of municipality borders in Lower Saxony in 1972.


History

Kranenburg, first mentioned in 1375 as ''Kronesborg'' (literally ''cranes castle''), belonged to the
Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen The Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen () was an Hochstift, ecclesiastical principality (787–1566/1648) of the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church that after its definitive secularization in 1648 became the hereditary Bremen-Verden, Duchy of ...
, established in 1180. While Brobergen was first the name of the landscape, which referred to a larger area along the Oste between Gräpel and Burweg. In a charter from 1141 it is said, that the Rudolf of Freckleben, as Rudolf II
Count of Stade The Counts of Stade were members of the Saxony nobility beginning in the 10th century. Stade had developed since the 8th century as a principal center of trade and communications. The Counts of Stade created their domain between the lower Elbe and ...
(from 1135 to his death in 1144), gave Brobergen as a
fief A fief (; ) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form of feudal alle ...
to one of the three brothers Dudo, Adiko and Ricbert, after they founded the Benedictine in
Stade Stade (; ), officially the Hanseatic City of Stade (, ) is a city in Lower Saxony in northern Germany. First mentioned in records in 934, it is the seat of the Stade (district), district () which bears its name. It is located roughly to the wes ...
. In 1286 it was first mentioned, that there was a village by the castle, which was the seat of the ''von Brobergen'' family. In 1380 the family ''von Mandelsloh'' and other Bremian and Verdian creditors tried to gain by violence the estates, which the bankrupt Prince-Archbishop Albert II pledged in return for credits. The creditors ravaged the city of Bremen and the entire
Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen The Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen () was an Hochstift, ecclesiastical principality (787–1566/1648) of the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church that after its definitive secularization in 1648 became the hereditary Bremen-Verden, Duchy of ...
. The city of Bremen concluded a pact with the other cities, the Chapter, the
Landsgemeinde The ''Landsgemeinde'' ("cantonal assembly"; , plural ''Landsgemeinden'') is a public, non-secret ballot voting system operating by majority rule. Still in use – in a few places – at the subnational political level in Switzerland, it was fo ...
n of the free peasants of the marshlands, and indigenous families of nobility and
ministerialis The ''ministeriales'' (singular: ''ministerialis'') were a legally unfree but socially elite class of knights, administrators, and officials in the High Middle Ages in the Holy Roman Empire, drawn from a mix of servile origins, free commoners, and ...
to fight the exfrediation by the ''von Mandelslohs''. In 1381 the troops of the city of Bremen captured the castle in Kranenburg. The family of ''von Brobergen'', owning the castle, lasted until 1618, when it became extinct. At this time the manor was sold to merchants from
Hamburg Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-lar ...
. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric, including Kranenburg, was transformed into the
Duchy of Bremen Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (; ), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of th ...
, which was first ruled in
personal union A personal union is a combination of two or more monarchical states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, involves the constituent states being to some extent in ...
by the Swedish Crown – interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) – and from 1715 on by the
Hanoverian The adjective Hanoverian is used to describe: * British monarchs or supporters of the House of Hanover, the dynasty which ruled the United Kingdom from 1714 to 1901 * things relating to; ** Electorate of Hanover ** Kingdom of Hanover ** Province of ...
Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric
Kingdom of Westphalia The Kingdom of Westphalia was a client state of First French Empire, France in present-day Germany that existed from 1807 to 1813. While formally independent, it was ruled by Napoleon's brother Jérôme Bonaparte. It was named after Westphalia, ...
annexed the Duchy, before
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the
Electorate of Hanover The Electorate of Hanover ( or simply ''Kurhannover'') was an Prince-elector, electorate of the Holy Roman Empire located in northwestern Germany that arose from the Principality of Calenberg. Although formally known as the Electorate of Brun ...
, which – after its upgrade to the
Kingdom of Hanover The Kingdom of Hanover () was established in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleonic era. It succeeded the former Electorate of Hanover, and j ...
in 1814 – incorporated the Duchy in a
real union Real union is a union of two or more states, which share some state institutions in contrast to personal unions; however, they are not as unified as states in a political union. It is a development from personal union and has historically been ...
and the Ducal territory, including Kranenburg, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823. In 1837, after many changes of owner, the castle and the pertaining domain were purchased by the farmers of Brobergen, who pooled together to become free of the ownership of their land by other persons.


References


External links


Website of the municipality Kranenburg
(German) {{Authority control Stade (district) nds:Kronenborg