Kozłówka Palace (pronounced: ,

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Polish people, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken * Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin ...

: ''Pałac w Kozłówce'') is a large

rococo Rococo, less commonly Roccoco ( , ; or ), also known as Late Baroque, is an exceptionally ornamental and dramatic style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colours, sculpte ...

and neoclassical palace complex of the

Zamoyski family The House of Zamoyski (plural: Zamoyscy) is an important Polish noble (''szlachta'') family belonging to the category of Polish magnates. They used the Jelita coat of arms. The surname "Zamoyski" literally means "of/from Zamość" and refle ...

in Kozłówka,

Lubartów County __NOTOC__ Lubartów County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its ...

Lublin Voivodeship Lublin Voivodeship ( ) is a Voivodeships of Poland, voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin. The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lu ...

in eastern

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. The palace was built between 1735 and 1742 and is one of Poland's official national Historic Monuments (''

Pomnik historii Historic Monument (, ) is one of several categories of objects of cultural heritage in Poland, objects of cultural heritage (in the singular, ''zabytek'') in Poland. To be recognized as a Polish historic monument, an object must be declared suc ...

''), as designated May 16, 2007, and tracked by the National Heritage Board of Poland. It currently houses the Zamoyski Family Museum in Kozłówka. The Kozłówka Landscape Park lies south of the palace complex.

History

The original palace was built in the first half of 18th century for Michał Bieliński,

voivode of Chełmno Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Mid ...

; its architect was Jozef II Fontana. It represents the characteristic type of

baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...

suburban residence built '' entre cour et jardin'' (between the entrance court and the garden). Its architecture is original - a merger of European art with old Polish building traditions. In 1799, the Palace was acquired by the aristocratic

. It belonged to the family up until 1944. The palace experienced a period of great prosperity during the times of

Count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...

Konstanty Zamoyski who remodelled the palace in order to turn it into one of the most monumental and representative

magnate The term magnate, from the late Latin ''magnas'', a great man, itself from Latin ''magnus'', "great", means a man from the higher nobility, a man who belongs to the high office-holders or a man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or ot ...

residences in Poland. Between 1879 and 1907, the palace was rebuilt in Neo-Baroque style, the chapel was modified (modelled on the chapel at

Versailles Palace The Palace of Versailles ( ; ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about west of Paris, in the Yvelines Department of Île-de-France region in France. The palace is owned by the government of F ...

); a theatre, a second outbuilding and an entrance gate were also added. The palace also features a unique sewers system from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, which made it possible for the owners of the property to have access to some of the earliest modern bathrooms in Europe. In 1903, the Kozłówka

entail In English common law, fee tail or entail is a form of trust, established by deed or settlement, that restricts the sale or inheritance of an estate in real property and prevents that property from being sold, devised by will, or otherwise ali ...

was established by Tsar

Nicholas II of Russia Nicholas II (Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov; 186817 July 1918) or Nikolai II was the last reigning Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland from 1 November 1894 until Abdication of Nicholas II, hi ...

, which meant that the property belonging to the Zamoyski family could not be sold or divided and automatically passed by law to the eldest heir. In 1928, the chairman of the Polish Gymnastics Society ''Sokół'', Count Adam Michał Zamoyski, organized a training camp in the palace gardens for the Polish national

gymnastics Gymnastics is a group of sport that includes physical exercises requiring Balance (ability), balance, Strength training, strength, Flexibility (anatomy), flexibility, agility, Motor coordination, coordination, artistry and endurance. The movem ...

team in preparation for the

1928 Summer Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the IX Olympiad (), was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated from 28 July to 12 August 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The city of Amsterdam had previously bid for ...

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , ; ; ) is the capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It has a population of 933,680 in June 2024 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the City Re ...

. From November 1944, when the last owners Count Aleksander Zamoyski and his wife Countess Jadwiga Zamoyska were forced to flee their palace, it became the property of the Communist regime, whose grip on Poland ended in 1989. It currently hosts the Zamoyski family museum. The interiors of the palace were preserved despite the ravages of the German Nazi and Soviet Regimes from 1939 to 1989. The original opulent design and most of museum quality art from the Zamoyski family collections remain. The surroundings of the palace also include a historic chapel,

French Baroque French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), ...

garden, stables and a

carriage house A ''carriage house'', also called a ''remise'' or ''coach house'', is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two ...

. The palace grounds also feature the Gallery of Socrealism, the largest collection of communist art in Poland featuring over 1,600 sculptures, paintings, drawings and posters.

In popular culture

The palace served as a setting to a number of films and TV series including

Janusz Morgenstern Janusz "Kuba" Morgenstern (16 November 1922 – 6 September 2011) was a Polish film director and producer. Janusz Morgenstern was born in 1922 to a Jewish family in the town of Mikulińce, Poland (now Mykulyntsi, Ukraine), to Dawid Morgenster ...

's 1967 series '' More Than Life at Stake'', Konrad Nałęcki and Andrzej Czekalski's '' Four Tank-Men and a Dog'' (1966–1970), Janusz Majewski's 1970 horror film '' Lokis'', Jerzy Antczak's 2002 biographical film '' Chopin: Desire for Love'' and John Daly's 2004 war drama '' The Aryan Couple''.

Gallery

File:Konstanty Zamoyski (ok. 1864).jpg, Konstanty Zamoyski (ca. 1864), the owner of the palace File:To-mniey-boli.jpg, Main gate with the coat of arms of the

and motto "To mniej boli" (It Pains Less) File:Козлувка.jpg, Kozłówka Palace - front File:Kozłówka palace back 2007.JPG, Garden façade File:Pałac Zamoyskich w Kozłówce – Kaplica.jpg, Palace chapel File:Kozłówka, Fontanna - fotopolska.eu (191042).jpg, Fountain File:Pałac w Kozłówce 3.jpg, Terrace File:Pałac w Kozłówce, salon czerwony.jpg, Red living room File:Kozlowka Palace 2018 P11 White living room.jpg, White living room File:Pałac w Kozłówce, jadalnia.jpg, Dining room File:Obrazy.jpg, Collection of art in the palace File:Biblioteczka w Pałacu.jpg, Library

References

External links

Muzeum Zamoyskich w Kozłówce
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kozlowka Palace Palaces in Lublin Voivodeship Houses completed in 1742 Rococo architecture in Poland Lubartów County Museums in Lublin Voivodeship Historic house museums in Poland Carriage museums in Poland Registered museums in Poland 1742 establishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

History

In popular culture

Gallery

See also

References

External links