Kommunar () is a

town A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...

Gatchinsky District Gatchinsky District () is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #113-oz district (raion), one of the administrative divisions of Leningrad Oblast, seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwestern central part o ...

Leningrad Oblast Leningrad Oblast (, ; ; ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). The oblast has an area of and a population of 2,000,997 (2021 Russian census, 2021 Census); up from 1,716,868 recorded in the 2010 Russian census ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

, located on the banks of the

Izhora River The Izhora (, ), also known as the Inger, is a left tributary of the Neva on its run through Ingria in northwestern Russia from Lake Ladoga to the Gulf of Finland. The Izhora flows through Gatchinsky and Tosnensky Districts of Leningrad Oblas ...

south of the center of St. Petersburg. Population: The name of the town means "

Communards The Communards () were members and supporters of the short-lived 1871 Paris Commune formed in the wake of the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. After the suppression of the Commune by the French Army in May 1871, 43,000 Communards we ...

", in reference to supporters of the 1871 popular uprising in Paris.

History

It was founded in the 1840s by the land owner countess Yuliya Samoylova as Grafskaya Slavyanka (). In 1846, it was purchased by the government and renamed Tsarskaya Slavyanka (). Until 1918, it was also known as the settlement at the Rogers and Peiffer factory (). In 1918, it was renamed Krasnaya Slavyanka. In the beginning of the 20th century, it was a part of

Tsarskoselsky Uyezd Tsarskoselsky Uyezd (''Царскосельский уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Saint Petersburg Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the central part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Tsarskoye Se ...

of St. Petersburg Governorate (renamed in 1913 Petrograd Governorate and in 1924 Leningrad Governorate). On November 20, 1918, the uyezd was renamed Detskoselsky. On February 14, 1923 Detskoselsky and Petergofsky Uyezds were abolished and merged into

Gatchinsky Uyezd Gatchinsky (masculine), Gatchinskaya (feminine), or Gatchinskoye (neuter) may refer to: *Gatchinsky District Gatchinsky District () is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #113-oz district (raion), one of the administrative divisions ...

, with the administrative center located in

Gatchina Gatchina (, ) is a town and the administrative center of Gatchinsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It lies south-south-west of St. Petersburg, along the E95 highway which links Saint Petersburg and Pskov. Population: It was pr ...

. On February 14, 1923, Gatchina was renamed Trotsk and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd, after

Leon Trotsky Lev Davidovich Bronstein ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky,; ; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky'' was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and political theorist. He was a key figure ...

. On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Trotsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Trotsk, was established. The governorates were also abolished and the district became a part of

Leningrad Okrug The Leningrad Okrug () was an okrug that briefly existed within the Leningrad Oblast in the Soviet Union, between 1927 and 1930. It covered the city currently known as Saint Petersburg, which was named Leningrad at the time. On 23 July 1930, the ...

. The settlement was made a part of Trotsky District. On August 2, 1929, after Trotsky was deported from Soviet Union, Trotsk was renamed Krasnogvardeysk and the district was renamed Krasnogvardeysky. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 28, 1944, Krasnogvardeysk was renamed Gatchina and the district was renamed Gatchinsky. Kommunar was granted

urban-type settlement Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the So ...

status on October 8, 1953 and town status on June 28, 1993. In 1996, the town held a popular vote regarding whether it should become a town of oblast significance. However, in 2010 the administrative divisions of Leningrad Oblast were harmonized with its municipal divisions, and Kommunar became the town of district significance again.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated within

as Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation.Oblast Law #32-oz As a municipal division, Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Gatchinsky Municipal District as Kommunarskoye Urban Settlement.Law #113-oz

Economy

Industry

The main enterprise of the town is the Kommunar paper factory.

Transportation

A railway connecting St. Petersburg and

Novosokolniki Novosokolniki () is a town and the administrative center of Novosokolnichesky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Maly Udray River at the junction of the St. Petersburg–Kyiv and Moscow–Riga railways, southeast of Pskov, th ...

via

Dno DNO may refer to: * Danish Nurses' Organization, a trade union for nurses in Denmark * Director of Naval Ordnance, British Admiralty administration *Distribution network operator, companies licensed to distribute electricity in Great Britain * Dno ( ...

runs along the eastern border of the town. Antropshino railway station, located in Kommunar, has suburban service originating from

Vitebsky railway station St. Petersburg–Vitebsky () is a railway station terminal in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Formerly known as ''St. Petersburg–Tsarskoselsky'' station because its first line led to the suburban royal residences town of Tsarskoye Selo, it was the f ...

of St. Petersburg. Kommunar is essentially a suburb of St. Petersburg and is included in the suburban road network. In particular, it is connected by road with

Culture and recreation

A mass grave of Soviet soldiers killed during the

Russian Civil War The Russian Civil War () was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the 1917 overthrowing of the Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future. I ...

and

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

in Kommunar is protected as a historical monument of local significance.

References

Notes

Sources

* * {{Use mdy dates, date=February 2024 Cities and towns in Leningrad Oblast Tsarskoselsky Uyezd Gatchinsky District