Klemzig, South Australia
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Klemzig is a suburb of
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in the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. It was the first settlement of German immigrants in Australia and was named after the village of Klemzig in what was then German
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and is now Klępsk in western
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. It is home to the National Premier League soccer club North Eastern MetroStars.


Background

The initial establishment of Klemzig as an Old Lutheran settlement in the South Australian Colony is attributed to a decision by Pastor August Ludwig Christian Kavel. Pastor Kavel was determined to help his loyal parishioners emigrate from
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, Posen and
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to escape religious persecution by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia. Pastor Kavel initially planned to move his parishioners to
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near the
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, where there were already numerous German settlements, but that had proved not to be feasible. Early in 1836, Kavel travelled to
Hamburg Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-lar ...
to investigate possible emigration to America, but lack of available financial assistance caused this plan to collapse. While in Hamburg, Kavel heard of the wealthy philanthropist, George Fife Angas, who was Chairman of the South Australian Company and likely to assist the Old Lutherans with their migration plans. Kavel and a representative of his congregation travelled to London in March 1836 and met a very sympathetic George Fife Angas. Angas was a
Baptist Baptists are a Christian denomination, denomination within Protestant Christianity distinguished by baptizing only professing Christian believers (believer's baptism) and doing so by complete Immersion baptism, immersion. Baptist churches ge ...
and was convinced that the Old Lutherans, who placed such high value on their religious beliefs, would make excellent settlers in the South Australian Colony. Angas persuaded the Directors of the South Australian Company to support him in chartering and fitting out the
barque A barque, barc, or bark is a type of sailing ship, sailing vessel with three or more mast (sailing), masts of which the fore mast, mainmast, and any additional masts are Square rig, rigged square, and only the aftmost mast (mizzen in three-maste ...
''Sarah'' which was to proceed to Hamburg. Here, 370 Old Lutherans were to set sail for South Australia on 8 June 1836. However, Prussian authorities refused to grant the necessary passports until finally, after a distressing delay of nearly two years, the Prussian Government relented. Over the next six years, many ships brought Kavel's Old Lutheran parishioners to the South Australian Colony.


Ships

Some of the emigrant ships included: *The barque '' Bengalee'' departed Hamburg on 16 July 1838 and after a seven-day stop off at Kingscote (Kangaroo Island) arrived in Port Adelaide on 16 November 1838. On board were 33 passengers. *The passenger ship '' The Prince George'' departed Hamburg on 13 July 1838 and arrived in Port Adelaide on 18 November 1838. On board were 207 passengers including Pastor Kavel. *The passenger ship '' Zebra'' departed Altona on 28 August 1838 and arrived in Port Adelaide on 27 December 1838. On board were 191 passengers. A listing of the ship's cargo log also reveals that on board were 40,924 bricks presumably for the establishment of new dwellings. *The barque ''Cathrina'' departed Hamburg on 15 September 1838 and arrived in Port Adelaide on 20 January 1839. On board were 122 passengers. *The passenger ship '' Skjold'' departed Altona on 3 July 1841 and arrived in Port Adelaide on 27 October 1841. On board were 241 passengers. Official records show that the three-month journey claimed the lives of 41 people. *The passenger ship ''Taglione'' departed London on 20 June 1842 and arrived in Port Adelaide on 13 October 1842. An unknown number of passengers were on board. *The passenger ship ''George Washington'' departed Hamburg on 23 May 1844 and arrived in Port Adelaide on 12 September 1844. On board were 184 passengers. *The schooner ''Joseph Albino'' departed London on 4 July 1845 and arrived in Port Adelaide on 8 December 1845. On board were 7 passengers.


Settlement

In March 1837 Colonel William Light completed surveying
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, Encounter Bay, Port Lincoln and the Adelaide Plains. Light eventually chose the Adelaide Plains as the most suitable location for the capital. The first groups of Old Lutheran emigrants arrived in Port Misery between October 1838 and January 1839. With the assistance of George Fife Angas, many attempted to integrate into the local community by becoming tradespeople and labourers. Due to the scarcity of work, the lack of English as their preferred language, and the prejudice from the already established British farmers, many Old Lutherans found settlement increasingly hard. In 1838, Klemzig was founded by these emigrants after George Fife Angas offered a section of land bordering the Torrens River, a few kilometres to the north-east of Adelaide. Klemzig Village served as a temporary settlement for Lutheran migrants, acting as a staging camp for migrants before they moved further inland. By 1880, the majority of the original inhabitants had departed, and many of the original structures had fallen into disrepair.


Renaming

Due to anti-German sentiment during
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
, the name of Klemzig was changed, as were many other German place names in Australia at the time. In 1917 Klemzig was renamed Gaza, commemorating the British victory in the Third Battle of Gaza, in which Australian troops had a major role. Klemzig was re-instated as the suburb name with the enactment of the South Australia Nomenclature Act of 1935 on 12 December 1935, but remnants of the name Gaza still exist with the local football club still bearing the name. During
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, the residents of Klemzig petitioned the
Government of South Australia The Government of South Australia, also referred to as the South Australian Government or the SA Government, is the executive branch of the state government, state of South Australia. It is modelled on the Westminster system, meaning that the h ...
on a number of occasions to have the name Gaza re-instated but these requests were denied.State Records of South Australia, GRG 24/6, File 437/1935


Transport

Klemzig is currently serviced by several bus routes, including 271 and 273 along North East Road, 281 on McLauchlan Road and the W90 on O.G. Road. The suburb is also served by Klemzig Interchange of the O-Bahn Busway. Torrens Linear Park borders the O-Bahn and River Torrens to the south of the suburb and there is easy access to the CBD as well as neighbouring suburbs.


See also

*
List of Adelaide suburbs A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, bu ...


References

{{City of Port Adelaide Enfield suburbs Suburbs of Adelaide German-Australian culture