Kirby, Northamptonshire

Kirby Hall is a Grade I listed Elizabethan country house, located near Gretton, Northamptonshire, England. The nearest main town is Corby. One of the great Elizabethan houses of England, Kirby Hall was built in 1570 for Sir Humphrey Stafford of Blatherwick. In 1575, Sir Christopher Hatton of Holdenby purchased the property, Hatton was Lord Chancellor to Queen Elizabeth I. It is a leading and early example of the Elizabethan prodigy house. Construction on the building began in 1570, based on the designs in French architectural pattern books and expanded in the Classical style over the course of the following decades. The house is now in a semi-ruined state with many parts roof-less although the Great Hall and state rooms remain intact. The gardens, with their elaborate "cutwork" design, complete with statues and urns, have been recently restored.

History

Elizabeth Vaux, a Catholic recusant leased the hall in 1599, intending to establish John Gerard and other priests in a college in the house. The Privy Council heard of the plan and raided Kirby Hall, hoping to capture the priests, who, with exception of Hugh Sheldon, evaded the search. Abandoning her plans for Kirkby, Vaux extended her house at Harrowden instead.

Anne of Denmark stayed at Kirby on 9 August 1605 while her husband King James I stayed at Rockingham Castle. James I stayed nine times at Kirby Hall between 1608–1624, one of them in August 1616 for three days. During a royal progress Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox died at Kirby of the "spotted ague" on 30 July 1624.

Kirby Hall was eventually inherited by Edward Finch, the youngest son of Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham and 7th Earl of Winchilsea and Anne Hatton, sole heiress to the 1st Viscount Hatton. Edward's eldest son, George Finch-Hatton married Lady Elizabeth Murray, daughter of the 2nd Earl of Mansfield. In 1791, their eldest son and heir George (later 10th Earl of Winchilsea) was born at Kirby Hall.

During the 1780s, George Finch-Hatton had begun renovating the hall's interior drastically into 18th century style while preserving the exterior intact, he removed and sold the Tudor wood panelling, in exchange for wallpaper and pediment. The Hall began its slow decline when George and Lady Elizabeth's newly built palatial mansion Eastwell Park was finished and the family moved there entirely.

By the late 1880s, the hall had been completely abandoned and in ruins, the 12th Earl of Winchilsea, uncle to Denys Finch Hatton, dreamed to preserve and "if ever his ship came in" to restore the ancestral property to its old splendour, he was never able to carry out his dream. He died in 1898 and the title passed to his brother, Denys's father.

The building and gardens are still owned by the Earl of Winchilsea. The site was designated a scheduled monument in 1927.

Kirby Hall has been used as a filming location in many productions. These include: episode 6 ("Protest and Communication") of Kenneth Clark's ''Civilisation'', and Patricia Rozema film adaptation of Jane Austen's ''Mansfield Park'' (1999) and ''A Christmas Carol'' for Ealing Studios in 1999. In 2014 it was the venue for an edition of BBC One's ''Antiques Roadshow''.

Images

File:Kirby Hall (9972575596)-3.png, The giant order is very early in England, above the balcony there's a bust of Apollo.
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, UK - English Heritage property (44686327642).jpg
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, UK - English Heritage property (29799086147).jpg
File:KirbyHall2JonesViews1829.jpg, Kirby Hall in 1829 (gate courtyard)
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, UK - English Heritage property (42925963630).jpg, North outer courtyard gate, used to have a clock and bell tower.
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, UK - English Heritage property (29799152597).jpg, other facade of the giant order (Courtyard)
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire (30722709875).jpg, Raised Terrace
File:Sir Christopher Hatton as Lord Chancellor.jpg, Sir Christopher Hatton in Lord Chancellor attire
File:Gretton, UK - panoramio (20).jpg, Oblique view (side & rear)
File:Nicholas Hilliard 006.jpg, The builder, Christopher Hatton with his dog by Nicholas Hilliard, 1588-1591
File:Great Hall - geograph.org.uk - 1885517.jpg, Great Hall
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, the Great Hall.png, Great Hall c.1833
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, UK - English Heritage property (30865361918).jpg, renovated as library by George Finch Hatton
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire IMG 6905 (9972659674).jpg, used as ballroom by George FH and Lady Elizabeth (disrepair)
File:Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire IMG 6892 (9972700943).png, Billiard room

References

External links

{{Commons category-inline, Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, Kirby Hall
English Heritage : visitor informationHistoric England : list entry summaryTeachers' resource kit : English HeritageWatercolour painted between 1746 & 1800 (British Museum)

Country houses in Northamptonshire
Gardens in Northamptonshire
Tourist attractions in Northamptonshire
English Heritage sites in Northamptonshire
Historic house museums in Northamptonshire
Grade I listed buildings in Northamptonshire
North Northamptonshire
Scheduled monuments in Northamptonshire