Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, also known as Khanty-Mansia (Khantia-Mansia), is a
federal subject
The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation () or simply as the subjects of the federation (), are the administrative division, constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political division ...
of
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
(an
autonomous okrug
Autonomous okrugs, () which are also referred to as "autonomous districts" or "autonomous areas" are a type of federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of the Russia, Russian Federation and simultaneously an administrative division type of ...
of
Tyumen Oblast
Tyumen Oblast () is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is located in Western Siberia, and is administratively part of the Ural Federal District. The oblast has administrative jurisdiction over two autonomous ...
). It has a population of 1,532,243 as of the
2010 Census.
Its administrative center is located at
Khanty-Mansiysk
Khanty-Mansiysk (, lit. ''Khanty-Mansi Town''; Khanty: , ''Jomvoćś''; Mansi: , ''Abga'') is a city in west-central Russia. Technically, it is situated on the eastern bank of the Irtysh River, from its confluence with the Ob, in the oil-ri ...
.
The peoples native to the region are the
Khanty
The Khanty (), also known in older literature as Ostyaks (), are a Ugric Indigenous people, living in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, a region historically known as " Yugra" in Russia, together with the Mansi. In the autonomous okrug, the K ...
and the
Mansi
Mansi may refer to:
* Mansi people, an Indigenous people of Russia
** Mansi language
*Mansi (name), given name and surname
*Mansi Junction railway station
* Mansi Township, Myanmar
** Mansi, Myanmar, a town in the Kachin State of Myanmar (Burma)
* ...
, known collectively as
Ob-Ugric peoples, but today the two groups only constitute 2.5% of the region's population. The local languages,
Khanty
The Khanty (), also known in older literature as Ostyaks (), are a Ugric Indigenous people, living in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, a region historically known as " Yugra" in Russia, together with the Mansi. In the autonomous okrug, the K ...
and
Mansi
Mansi may refer to:
* Mansi people, an Indigenous people of Russia
** Mansi language
*Mansi (name), given name and surname
*Mansi Junction railway station
* Mansi Township, Myanmar
** Mansi, Myanmar, a town in the Kachin State of Myanmar (Burma)
* ...
, are part of the
Ugric branch of the
Finno-Ugric
Finno-Ugric () is a traditional linguistic grouping of all languages in the Uralic languages, Uralic language family except for the Samoyedic languages. Its once commonly accepted status as a subfamily of Uralic is based on criteria formulated in ...
language family, and enjoy a special status in the autonomous okrug.
Russian
Russian(s) may refer to:
*Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*A citizen of Russia
*Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages
*''The Russians'', a b ...
remains the only official language.
In 2012, the majority (51%) of the
oil produced in Russia came from Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, giving the region great economic importance in Russia and the world. It borders
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (; ) also known as Yamalia () is a federal subject of Russia and an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Salekhard, and its largest city is Novy Urengoy. The 2021 Russian ...
to the north,
Komi Republic
The Komi Republic (; ), sometimes simply referred to as Komi, is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia situated in the northeast of European Russia. Its capital city, capital is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Syktyvka ...
to the northwest,
Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast ( rus, Свердловская область, Sverdlovskaya oblastʹ, p=svʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the c ...
to the west,
Tyumen Oblast
Tyumen Oblast () is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is located in Western Siberia, and is administratively part of the Ural Federal District. The oblast has administrative jurisdiction over two autonomous ...
to the south,
Tomsk Oblast
Tomsk Oblast () is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It lies in the southeastern West Siberian Plain, in the southwest of the Siberian Federal District. Its administrative center is the types of inhabited loca ...
to the south and southeast and
Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after ...
in the east.
History
The okrug was established on December 10, 1930, as Ostyak-Vogul National Okrug (). In October 1940, it was renamed the Khanty-Mansi National Okrug. In 1977, along with other national okrugs of the
Russian SFSR
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the labo ...
, it became an autonomous okrug (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug). In 2003, the word "
Yugra
Yugra or Yugor Land (; also spelled ''Iuhra'' in contemporary sources) was a collective name for lands and peoples in the region east of the northern Ural Mountains in modern Russia given by Russian chroniclers in the 12th to 17th centuries. Du ...
" was appended to the official name.
Geography

The okrug occupies the central part of the
West Siberian Plain
The West Siberian Plain () is a large plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia, between the Ural Mountains in the west and the Yenisei, Yenisei River in the east, and the Altai Mountains on the southeast. Much of the plain is poorly d ...
.
Principal rivers include the
Ob and its tributaries
Irtysh
The Irtysh is a river in Russia, China, and Kazakhstan. It is the chief tributary of the Ob (river), Ob and is also the longest tributary in the world.
The river's source lies in the Altai Mountains, Mongolian Altai in Dzungaria (the northern p ...
and
Vatinsky Yogan
The Vatinsky Yogan () is a river in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The river is long and has a catchment area of .
The Vatinsky Yogan flows across the Central Siberian Plateau. Its basin is located in the Nizhnevartovsky District. Except ...
. There are numerous lakes in the okrug, the largest ones are
Numto
Numto () is a freshwater lake in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia.Google Earth The village of Numto, Beloyarsky District, Numto, part of the Kazym rural settlement, is located at the southwestern of the lake by its Coast, shore. Historically ...
,
Tormemtor,
Leushinsky Tuman and
Tursuntsky Tuman, among others.
Google Earth
Google Earth is a web mapping, web and computer program created by Google that renders a 3D computer graphics, 3D representation of Earth based primarily on satellite imagery. The program maps the Earth by superimposition, superimposing satelli ...
The northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude traverses the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug.
Administrative divisions
Demographics
Population: 1,674,676 (2020);
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug has an area of 523,100 km
2, but the area is sparsely populated. The administrative center is
Khanty-Mansiysk
Khanty-Mansiysk (, lit. ''Khanty-Mansi Town''; Khanty: , ''Jomvoćś''; Mansi: , ''Abga'') is a city in west-central Russia. Technically, it is situated on the eastern bank of the Irtysh River, from its confluence with the Ob, in the oil-ri ...
, but the largest cities are
Surgut
Surgut ( rus, Сургу́т, p=sʊrˈgut; Khanty: Сәрханӆ, ''Sərhanł, Сө̆ркут, sörkut'') is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the Ob River near its junction with the Irtysh River. It is one of the fe ...
,
Nizhnevartovsk
Nizhnevartovsk ( rus, Нижневартовск, p=nʲɪʐnʲɪˈvartəfsk) is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, Russia. Since the 1960s, the Western Siberian oil boom has led to Nizhnevartovsk's rapid growth from a small settlem ...
, and
Nefteyugansk
Nefteyugansk () is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located south of the Ob River, close to the larger city of Surgut. Population:
History
It was founded on October 16, 1967, after an oil field had been discovered on a smal ...
.
Settlements
Ethnic groups
The Indigenous population (
Khanty
The Khanty (), also known in older literature as Ostyaks (), are a Ugric Indigenous people, living in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, a region historically known as " Yugra" in Russia, together with the Mansi. In the autonomous okrug, the K ...
,
Mansi
Mansi may refer to:
* Mansi people, an Indigenous people of Russia
** Mansi language
*Mansi (name), given name and surname
*Mansi Junction railway station
* Mansi Township, Myanmar
** Mansi, Myanmar, a town in the Kachin State of Myanmar (Burma)
* ...
,
Komi, and
Nenets
The Nenets (; ), in the past also called 'Samoyeds' or 'Yuraks', are a Samoyedic ethnic group native to Arctic Russia, Russian Far North. According to the latest census in 2021, there were 49,646 Nenets in the Russian Federation, most of them l ...
) is only 2.8% of the total population in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. The exploitation of natural gas in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug has attracted immigrants from all over the former Soviet Union. The 2021 Census counted 17 ethnic groups of more than five thousand persons each. The ethnic composition is as follows:
Population of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug:
Historical population figures are shown below:
Vital statistics

Source:
Religion
According to a 2012 survey
38.1% of the population of Yugra adheres to the
Russian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; ;), also officially known as the Moscow Patriarchate (), is an autocephaly, autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox Christian church. It has 194 dioceses inside Russia. The Primate (bishop), p ...
, 5% are
unaffiliated generic
Christians
A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words '' Christ'' and ''C ...
, 1% of the population adheres to the
Slavic native faith
The Slavic Native Faith, commonly known as Rodnovery and sometimes as Slavic Neopaganism, is a modern Paganism, modern Pagan religion. Classified as a new religious movement, its practitioners hearken back to the Slavic paganism, historica ...
(Rodnovery) or to Khanty-Mansi native faith.
Muslim
Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
s (mostly
Tatars
Tatars ( )[Tatar]
in the Collins English Dictionary are a group of Turkic peoples across Eas ...
) constitute 11% of the population. In addition, 23% of the population declares to be
spiritual but not religious
"Spiritual but not religious" (SBNR), also known as "spiritual but not affiliated" (SBNA), or less commonly "more spiritual than religious", is a popular phrase and initialism used to self-identify a life stance of spirituality that does not reg ...
, 11% is
atheist
Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...
, and 10.9% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.
According to recent reports Jehovah's Witnesses have been subjected to torture and detention in Surgut.
Transport
In Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, the primary transport of goods is by water and railway transport; 29% is transported by road, and 2% by aviation. The total length of railway tracks is 1,106 km. The length of roads is more than 18,000 km.
See also
*
Hockey Club Ugra
*
List of Chairmen of the Duma of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
References
External links
Official website of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
Official site of Khanty-Mansi Duma
Informational website of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
{{Authority control
Countries and territories where Russian is an official language
States and territories established in 1930