is a

city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...

located in

Osaka Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Osaka Prefecture has a population of 8,778,035 () and has a geographic area of . Osaka Prefecture borders Hyōgo Prefecture to the northwest, Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Nara ...

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

. , the city had an estimated

population Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and pl ...

of 101,649 in 47493 households and a

population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...

of 930 persons per km². The total area of the city is .

Geography

Kawachinagano is located in the southeastern part of Osaka prefecture, separated from Nara and Wakayama Prefectures by the Izumi Mountains and

Mount Kongō is a mountain in the Kongō Range in the Kawachi region of Osaka Prefecture, Kansai, Japan. It is near Mount Yamato Katsuragi. The mountain has lent its name to a series of naval ships and ship classes: the Imperial Japanese Navy's 1877 ...

. The city is roughly triangular in area with the apex at the north. Approximately 70 percent of the city area is forested, and there are two major rivers: the Ishikawa (the larger) and the Amamigawa (a tributary of the

Yamato River The is a river that flows through Nara Prefecture and Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It is designated Classification of rivers in Japan, Class A by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT). The river flows via towns: *Nara ...

). In the southern foothills, the tourist name "Okukawachi" is used, and there are many historical sites and buildings. The city center it is about 30 minutes to

Namba Station is a name shared by two physically separated railway stations in the Namba district of Chūō-ku, Osaka, Japan, operated by Nankai Electric Railway and the Osaka Metro. The name "Namba Station" can also refer to the entire station complex as a ...

in central Osaka and about one hour to

Kansai International Airport Kansai International Airport (), commonly known as Kankū (; ), is the primary international airport in the Keihanshin, Greater Osaka Area of Japan and the closest international airport to the cities of Osaka, Kyoto, and Kobe. It is located on ...

. Much of the city is within the borders of the

Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park is a Quasi-National Park in Nara, Ōsaka, and Wakayama Prefectures, Japan. It was established in 1958. Places of interest Places of interest include: * Mount Ikoma * Mount Kongō * * * Hōzan-ji * Taima-dera * * the burial place of ...

Neighboring municipalities

Nara Prefecture * Gojō Osaka Prefecture * Chihayaakasaka *

Izumi , meaning "spring" or "source of water", is a Japanese given name and surname. It is sometimes translated as "fountain" in reference to natural springs and should not be confused with architectural fountains, which are called ''funsui'' (噴水) i ...

Ōsakasayama 260px, Sayama Pond is a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 58,465 in 26128 households and a population density of 4900 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . Geography Ōsakasayama is located i ...

Sakai is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the medieval era. Sakai is known for its '' kofun'', keyhole-shaped burial mounds dating from the fifth century. The ''kofun ...

* Tondabayashi Wakayama Prefecture * Hashimoto * Katsuragi

Climate

Kawachinagano has a

Humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...

(Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kawachinagano is 13.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1475 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.0 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.4 °C.

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Kawachinagano increased steadily over the course of the 20th century and has seen gradual decline in the 21st.

History

The area of the modern city of Kawachinagano was within ancient

Kawachi Province was a Provinces of Japan, province of Japan in the eastern part of modern Osaka Prefecture. It originally held the southwestern area that was split off into Izumi Province. It was also known as . Geography The area was radically different in th ...

. Evidence of continuous human settlement since the

Japanese Paleolithic The is the period of human inhabitation in Japan predating the development of pottery, generally before 10,000 BC. The starting dates commonly given to this period are from around 40,000 BC, with recent authors suggesting that there is good evi ...

period has been found. Numerous ''

kofun are megalithic tombs or tumulus, tumuli in Northeast Asia. ''Kofun'' were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.岡田裕之「前方後円墳」『日本古代史大辞 ...

burial mounds A tumulus (: tumuli) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds, mounds, howes, or in Siberia and Central Asia as ''kurgans'', and may be found throughout much of the world. ...

were built in the area during the

Kofun period The is an era in the history of Japan from about 300 to 538 AD (the date of the introduction of Buddhism), following the Yayoi period. The Kofun and the subsequent Asuka periods are sometimes collectively called the Yamato period. This period is ...

,and the

Asuka period The was a period in the history of Japan lasting from 538 to 710, although its beginning could be said to overlap with the preceding Kofun period. The Yamato period, Yamato polity evolved greatly during the Asuka period, which is named after the ...

scholar and diplomat

Takamuko no Kuromaro was a Japanese scholar and diplomat of the Asuka period. Karumauro traveled to China with Ono no Imoko as ''kenzuishi'' representing Empress Suiko in 608.Nussbaum, "Kentōshi" at He remained in China for thirty-two years.Nussbaum, "Takamuko no ...

came from this area. During the

Nara The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government within the executive branch, charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It is also task ...

and

Heian period The is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. It followed the Nara period, beginning when the 50th emperor, Emperor Kammu, moved the capital of Japan to Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto). means in Japanese. It is a ...

, numerous Buddhist temples were built, including

Kanshin-ji is a Buddhist temple located in the Teramoto neighborhood of the city of Kawachinagano, Osaka Prefecture, in the Kansai region of Japan. It is one of the head temples of the Kōyasan Shingon-shū branch of Shingon Buddhism. The temple has se ...

and Kongō-ji. During the

Nanboku-chō period The , also known as the Northern and Southern Courts period, was a period in Japanese history between 1336-1392 CE, during the formative years of the Ashikaga shogunate, Muromachi (Ashikaga) shogunate. Ideologically, the two courts fought for 50 ...

, the area was the site of many conflicts between the

Northern Court The , also known as the Ashikaga Pretenders or Northern Pretenders, were a set of six pretenders to the throne of Japan during the Nanboku-chō period from 1336 through 1392. Even though the present Imperial House of Japan is descended from the ...

and the

Southern Court The were a set of four emperors ( Emperor Go-Daigo and his line) whose claims to sovereignty during the Nanboku-chō period spanning from 1336 through 1392 were usurped by the Northern Court. This period ended with the Southern Court definitivel ...

. During the

Edo Period The , also known as the , is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional ''daimyo'', or feudal lords. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengok ...

much of the area came under the control of

Sayama Domain was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Kawachi Province in what is now the southeastern portion of modern-day Osaka Prefecture. It was centered around the Sayama ''jin'ya'' which was located in what ...

Zeze Domain was a '' fudai'' feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It was located in southern Ōmi Province, in the Kansai region of central Honshu. The domain was centered at Zeze Castle, located on the shore of Lake Biwa in w ...

and

Kanbe Domain was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Ise Province in what is part of now modern-day Suzuka, Mie. It was centered around Kanbe Castle. Kanbe Domain was controlled by ''fudai daimyō'' clans throughout ...

. After the

Meiji restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored Imperial House of Japan, imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Althoug ...

, the area became part of Osaka Prefecture from 1881. The villages of Nagano, Nishigori, Shinno (later renamed Chiyoda), Amano, Mikkaichi, Kawakami, Amami, and Kaga-Tamura and Takamukai were created with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. On April 1, 1896, the area became part of

Minamikawachi District, Osaka is a district located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. In 2009 the district had an estimated population of 37,695 and a density of 491 persons per km2. The total area is 76.81 km2. Towns and villages * Kanan * Taishi * Chihayaakasaka Mergers ...

. Nagano was elevated to town status on September 1, 1910. On April 1, 1954, Nagano merged with Mikkaichi, Kawakami, Amami, Kagata, and Takamukai villages to form the city of Kawachinagano.

Government

Kawachinagano has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly ...

city council of 18 members. Kawachinagano contributes one member to the

Osaka Prefectural Assembly The is the legislature of Osaka Prefecture. As in all prefectures, it is elected to four-year terms by single non-transferable vote in multi- and single-member districts and is responsible for enacting and amending prefectural by-laws, approving ...

. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Osaka 15th district of the

lower house A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise e ...

of the

Diet of Japan , transcription_name = ''Kokkai'' , legislature = 215th Session of the National Diet , coa_pic = Flag of Japan.svg , house_type = Bicameral , houses = , foundation=29 November 1890(), leader1_type ...

Economy

Kawachinagano was traditionally known for its toothpick and bamboo blind crafts. Forestry and wood processing remain an important component of the local economy. Industries include metal casting and the brewing of ''

sake Sake, , or saki, also referred to as Japanese rice wine, is an alcoholic beverage of Japanese origin made by fermenting rice that has been polished to remove the bran. Despite the name ''Japanese rice wine'', sake, and indeed any East Asi ...

.'' An increasing percentage of the working population is commuting to larger population centers, such as Sakai, Osaka, Hashimoto or Gojo.

Education

Kawachinagano has 13 public elementary schools and seven public middle schools operated by the city government and two public high schools operated by the Osaka Prefectural Department of Education. There are also one private middle school and two private high schools. The Osaka Chiyoda Junior College is located in Kawachinagano

Transportation

Railway

Nankai Electric Railway is a private railway in Japan, founded in 1884. The name ''Nankai'' (which means "South Sea") comes from the company's routes along the Nankaidō, the old highway that ran south from the old capital, Kyoto, along the sea coast. Nankai predate ...

Nankai Kōya Line The is a railway line in Osaka Prefecture and Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, owned and operated by the Nankai Electric Railway, a private railway operator. It connects Osaka and Koyasan, the capital of the Japanese Buddhist sect Shingon, via the ...

* - - - - - KintetsuLogo

Kintetsu Railway , referred to as and officially Kinki-Nippon Railway, is a Japanese passenger railway company, managing infrastructure and operating passenger train service. Its railway system is the largest in Japan, excluding Japan Railways Group. The railw ...

Kintetsu Nagano Line The is a railway line of Japanese private railway company Kintetsu Railway. It branches off Minami-Osaka Line at in southern suburbs of Osaka. The line connects cities of Habikino, Tondabayashi and Kawachi-Nagano in Osaka Prefecture, terminat ...

* -

Highway

* * *

Local attractions

Temples and shrines

*Eboshigata

Hachiman In Japanese religion, ''Yahata'' (八幡神, ancient Shinto pronunciation) formerly in Shinto and later commonly known as Hachiman (八幡神, Japanese Buddhist pronunciation) is the syncretic divinity of archery and war, incorporating elements f ...

Jinja * Emmei-ji * Iwawaki-ji *

* Kawaidera * Kongō-ji

Nature and parks

* Mount Iwawaki *

Mount Makio Mount is often used as part of the name of specific mountains, e.g. Mount Everest. Mount or Mounts may also refer to: Places * Mount, Cornwall, a village in Warleggan parish, England * Mount, Perranzabuloe, a hamlet in Perranzabuloe parish, ...

* Nagano Park * Takihata Dam * Teragaike * Teragaike Park

Amusement parks

* Kansai Cycle Sports Center *

Osaka Prefectural Flowers Garden , also known as "Fululu Garden," is a botanical garden in Kawachinagano, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. History and Design The garden was established on September, 1990, on a 10-hectare site previously used as a forestry testing ground. It inherited ...

Sister cities

Carmel Carmel may refer to: * Carmel (biblical settlement), an ancient Israelite town in Judea * Mount Carmel, a coastal mountain range in Israel overlooking the Mediterranean Sea * Carmelites, a Roman Catholic mendicant religious order Carmel may also ...

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

Noted people from Kawachinagano

Takuro Fujii is a Japanese competitive swimmer and two-time Olympic medalist. He won the bronze medal by swimming the butterfly leg in the 4 × 100 m medley relay at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He followed this with a silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics ...

, swimmer *

Koichi Fukuda Koichi Fukuda (born July 1, 1975) is a Japanese musician, best known as the lead guitarist, programmer, keyboardist, and co-founder of the American industrial metal band Static-X; he has been a member of the band three times, initially from 1994 ...

, lead guitarist, programmer and keyboardist *

Asuka Hinoi is a Japanese singer and actress. Biography Asuka's musical career began in 2002, when she was chosen with two other girls, Hikaru Koyama and Miho Hiroshige, to form the group LOVE & PEACE. Their song "Drifter" became the theme for the movie ' ...

, singer *

Shinji Tanimura was a Japanese singer-songwriter. Life and career Tanimura set up the musical group Alice together with Takao Horiuchi in 1971 and released his first extended play musical album in the following year. Alice produced its first album two years ...

, singer and songwriter *

Hirofumi Yoshimura is a Japanese politician currently serving as the governor of Osaka Prefecture. He assumed office in April 2019. He has been described as a conservative. Early life Yoshimura was born in the city of Kawachinagano. He studied law at Kyushu Un ...

, politician

Gallery

File:Kawachinagano Information and Communication Citizens Square1.jpg, kiccs (Library) File:Kawachinagano-Station Bus-Terminal.jpg, Kawachinagano Station File:Kanshinji Kondou.jpg, Kanshinji File:Koya kaido 01.jpg, Kōya Kaidō File:Mt Iwawaki4.jpg, Mt Iwawaki File:Takihata furusato bunkazainomori center.jpg, Takihata File:Kotaki(Takihata 48 Waterfalls).jpg, Kōtaki (Takihata 48 Waterfalls) File:Nantenen (Amami Onsen).jpg, Nantenen (Amami Onsen)

References

External links

* * {{Authority control Cities in Osaka Prefecture Kawachinagano