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The Karaš (in
Serbian Serbian may refer to: * Pertaining to Serbia in Southeast Europe; in particular **Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans ** Serbian language ** Serbian culture **Demographics of Serbia, includes other ethnic groups within the co ...
, also Cyrillic: Караш) or Caraș (in
Romanian Romanian may refer to: *anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania **Romanians, an ethnic group **Romanian language, a Romance language ***Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language **Romanian cuisine, traditional ...
) is a long river in the
Banat Banat ( , ; ; ; ) is a geographical and Historical regions of Central Europe, historical region located in the Pannonian Basin that straddles Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. It is divided among three countries: the eastern part lie ...
region of
Vojvodina Vojvodina ( ; sr-Cyrl, Војводина, ), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an Autonomous administrative division, autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia, located in Central Europe. It lies withi ...
,
Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
and
Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
and a left tributary of the
Danube The Danube ( ; see also #Names and etymology, other names) is the List of rivers of Europe#Longest rivers, second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia. It flows through Central and Southeastern Europe, from the Black Forest sou ...
. The Karaš drains an area of and although it has been channeled it is not navigable.


Name

In
Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...
times the river was known as Apo, from a Thracian word meaning "water". The Hungarian name is ''Karas''.


Romania

The Caraș originates in the Anina Mountains, northeast of the town of
Anina Anina (; German: ''Steierdorf''; Hungarian: ''Stájerlakanina'') is a town in the Banat region of Romania, in Caraș-Severin County, with a population of 5,521 in 2021. The town administers one village, Steierdorf (German: ''Steierdorf'', Hunga ...
, close to the sources of the Bârzava and Nera rivers. It runs through Romania for , flowing to the north in its early reaches before turning southwest at the town of
Carașova Carașova (; ) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Romania. It is known especially for its geographical placement and for the origin of its Croatian inhabitants, the Krashovani. The population of the commune numbered 3,110 people at the 2011 ...
where it receives many short tributaries, most notably, the left tributary of the ''
Lișava The Lișava is a left tributary of the river Caraș (''Karaš'') in Romania. It discharges into the Caraș in Vărădia Vărădia () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Mercina (''Mercsény'') ...
'', then passes many villages (including
Giurgiova Goruia () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 660 people as of 2021. It is composed of three villages: Gârliște (''Gerlistye''), Giurgiova (''Karasszentgyörgy''), and Goruia. The commune is located in th ...
,
Ticvaniu Mare Ticvaniu Mare (; ) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hun ...
, Grădinari,
Vărădia Vărădia () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Mercina (''Mercsény'') and Vărădia. It is located near the border with Serbia, on the river Caraș, at a distance of from Oravița and fr ...
, Mercina,
Vrani Vrani () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 1,007 people as of 2021. It is composed of three villages: Ciortea (''Csorda''), Iertof (''Hévér''), and Vrani. The commune is located in the southwestern part ...
) before it enters the Serbian province of
Vojvodina Vojvodina ( ; sr-Cyrl, Војводина, ), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an Autonomous administrative division, autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia, located in Central Europe. It lies withi ...
. In Romania, its length is and its basin size is .


Serbia

Right after crossing the border, the Karaš receives its two major tributaries, the ''Borugu'' from the right, and the ''
Vicinic The Vicinic ( - ''Vičinik''Vršac Municipality
p. 50) is a left tributary of the ...
'' from the left. It passes the villages of
Kuštilj Kuštilj ( sr-cyr, Куштиљ; ; ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Vršac municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Romanian ethnic majority (95.16%) and its population numbering 664 people ( ...
,
Vojvodinci Vojvodinci ( sr-cyr, Војводинци; ; ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Vršac municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Romanian ethnic majority (87.76%) and its population numbering 328 peop ...
,
Dobričevo Dobričevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Добричево, ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority (88.49%) and a population of ...
, Straža and Jasenovo and reaches the eastern side of the
Deliblatska Peščara Deliblato Sands (; ) is a large sand area covering around of ground in Vojvodina province, Serbia. It is located in southern Banat, situated between the river Danube and the southwestern slopes of the Carpathian Mountains. The sands are named aft ...
and ''Dumača'' hill, the easternmost side of the
Hills of Zagajica A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains. Hills fall unde ...
. From this point, the Karaš is channeled and incorporated into the last part of the Danube-Tisa Canal. It runs alongside the villages of
Dupljaja Dupljaja () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province on the bank of the river Karaš. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (90.74%) and a population of 996 (2002 ce ...
, Grebenac, Kajtasovo and
Banatska Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian ...
before it ends its course through Serbia, emptying into the Danube near the village of
Stara Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian ...
, across from the tourist resort of
Ram Ram, ram, or RAM most commonly refers to: * A male sheep * Random-access memory, computer memory * Ram Trucks, US, since 2009 ** List of vehicles named Dodge Ram, trucks and vans ** Ram Pickup, produced by Ram Trucks Ram, ram, or RAM may also ref ...
.


Settlements located near the river

In Romania:
Carașova Carașova (; ) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Romania. It is known especially for its geographical placement and for the origin of its Croatian inhabitants, the Krashovani. The population of the commune numbered 3,110 people at the 2011 ...
,
Goruia Goruia () is a Commune in Romania, commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 660 people as of 2021. It is composed of three villages: Gârliște (''Gerlistye''), Giurgiova (''Karasszentgyörgy''), and Goruia. The commu ...
,
Ticvaniu Mare Ticvaniu Mare (; ) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hun ...
, Grădinari,
Vărădia Vărădia () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Mercina (''Mercsény'') and Vărădia. It is located near the border with Serbia, on the river Caraș, at a distance of from Oravița and fr ...
,
Vrani Vrani () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 1,007 people as of 2021. It is composed of three villages: Ciortea (''Csorda''), Iertof (''Hévér''), and Vrani. The commune is located in the southwestern part ...
In Serbia:
Kuštilj Kuštilj ( sr-cyr, Куштиљ; ; ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Vršac municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Romanian ethnic majority (95.16%) and its population numbering 664 people ( ...
,
Vojvodinci Vojvodinci ( sr-cyr, Војводинци; ; ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Vršac municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Romanian ethnic majority (87.76%) and its population numbering 328 peop ...
,
Dobričevo Dobričevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Добричево, ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority (88.49%) and a population of ...
, Straža, Jasenovo,
Dupljaja Dupljaja () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province on the bank of the river Karaš. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (90.74%) and a population of 996 (2002 ce ...
, Grebenac, Kajtasovo,
Banatska Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian ...
,
Stara Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian ...


Tributaries

The following are tributaries of the Karaš (from source to mouth): Left:
Buhui The Buhui is a left tributary of the river Caraș (''Karaš'') in Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hu ...
, Raicovacea, Șereniac,
Gârliște The Gârliște is a left tributary of the river Caraș (''Karaš'') in Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and e ...
, Goruița,
Jitin The Jitin is a left tributary of the river Caraș (''Karaš'') in Romania. It discharges into the Caraș near Ticvaniu Mare Ticvaniu Mare (; ) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania Romania is a country located at the cro ...
,
Lișava The Lișava is a left tributary of the river Caraș (''Karaš'') in Romania. It discharges into the Caraș in Vărădia Vărădia () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Mercina (''Mercsény'') ...
, Mercina, Ciclova,
Vicinic The Vicinic ( - ''Vičinik''Vršac Municipality
p. 50) is a left tributary of the ...
Right: Izvoru Mare, Jervanu Mare,
Comarnic Comarnic () is a town in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania, with a population of 11,106 as of 2021. Four villages are administered by the town: Ghioșești, Podu Lung, Poiana, and Posada. Geography The town is situated in the southern foothills ...
,
Gelug file:DalaiLama0054 tiny.jpg, 240px, 14th Dalai Lama, The 14th Dalai Lama (center), the most influential figure of the contemporary Gelug tradition, at the 2003 Kalachakra ceremony, Bodh Gaya, Bodhgaya (India) The Gelug (, also Geluk; 'virtuous' ...
,
Dognecea Dognecea () is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, in the Banat region of Romania, with a population of 2,009 people. It is composed of two villages, Calina (''Kalina'') and Dognecea. The commune is located in the northwestern part of the county ...
,
Barheș The Barheș (also: ''Barcheș'') is a right tributary of the river Caraș (''Karaš'') in Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine t ...
,
Ciornovăț The Ciornovăț (also: ''Cernovăț'') is a right tributary of the river Karaš, Caraș (''Karaš'') in Romania. It discharges into the Caraș in Vărădia.Borugu


Krašovani

Krašovani or Karašani (Cyrillic: Крашовани or Карашани; People from the Karaš), are people of South Slavic origin, settled around the town of
Carașova Carașova (; ) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Romania. It is known especially for its geographical placement and for the origin of its Croatian inhabitants, the Krashovani. The population of the commune numbered 3,110 people at the 2011 ...
in the river's upper course. Known as good farmers and craftsmen with an estimated number of 20,000 after
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
.


References

* ''Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija'', Third edition (1985); Prosveta; * Jovan Đ. Marković (1990): ''Enciklopedijski geografski leksikon Jugoslavije''; Svjetlost-Sarajevo; {{Portal bar, Romania Rivers of Serbia Rivers of Romania Geography of Vojvodina Rivers of Caraș-Severin County Banat