Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bound ...
region of Turkey. It is the seat of
Karabük Province
Karabük Province () is a landlocked province in the northern part of Anatolia (northern central Turkey), located about north of Ankara, away from Zonguldak and away from Kastamonu. Its area is 4,142 km2, and its population is 252,058 (2022 ...
and Karabük District.İl Belediyesi , Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023. Its population is 125,403 (2022). The town lies at an elevation of .
Karabük was built in the 1930s as the seat of the iron and steel industry of Turkey, and thus is prone to the hazardous effects of air pollution. Karabük lies in a location near Filyos River formed by the merge of Araç and Soğanlı rivers.
Name
There are no known records of the origin of its name; in Turkish ''kara'' means "black" and ''bük'' means "bush" or "blackberry bush" ("bramble"). So ''Karabük'' means "blackbush".
History
Karabük is situated on an important trade route between
Amasra
Amasra (from Greek language, Greek Amastris Ἄμαστρις, ''gen''. Ἀμάστριδος) is a small Black Sea port town in the Bartın Province, Turkey. It is the seat of Amasra District.Anatolia
Anatolia (), also known as Asia Minor, is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean ...
. The history of the city goes back to the early years of the Turkish Republic, when it was a small sub-village formed by 13 houses in the Öğlebeli village of
Safranbolu
Safranbolu is a town in Karabük Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Safranbolu District.
. There was also a small train station on the
Ankara
Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center ( ...
–
Zonguldak
Zonguldak () is a List of cities in Turkey, city of about 100 thousand people in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Zonguldak Province and Zonguldak District.Hadrianapolis (now Eskipazar), is an ancient city from the Roman Empire of the 4th century, located about 30km (68km by road) from Karabük. There are many fountains, churches, and Roman baths. Although most of it is recently excavated, illegal excavations which have been going on for many years and have damaged Eskipazar's chances of becoming a major tourist attraction.
Climate
Karabük has a
humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...
(
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bernd Köppen (1951–2014), German pianist and composer
* Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan
* Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author ...
: ''Cfa'') or a relatively warm
oceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate or maritime climate, is the temperate climate sub-type in Köppen climate classification, Köppen classification represented as ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of co ...
( Trewartha: ''Do'') with hot, humid summers and chilly, wet winters.
limestone
Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science) ...
, while coal and manganese is brought from Zonguldak and iron ore from Divriği. This allows a varied, yet basic industry in Karabük, including a coking plant, blast furnaces, a foundry and tube works. There are also chemical plants that produce
sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen, ...
and phosphates. Nearby are the Zonguldak coal fields.
One of the major
steel
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon that demonstrates improved mechanical properties compared to the pure form of iron. Due to steel's high Young's modulus, elastic modulus, Yield (engineering), yield strength, Fracture, fracture strength a ...
producers in Turkey, namely Kardemir (''Karabük Iron and Steel Works''), is located in Karabük.
Gallery
File:Karabük at station 8006.jpg, Karabük station
File:Karabük_at_station_8007.jpg, Karabük station
File:Karabük general view 8041.jpg, Karabük general view
File:Karabük general view 8044.jpg, Karabük general view
File:Karabük otogar 8318.jpg, Karabük otogar
File:Kaymakamlar Museum - 2014.10 - panoramio.jpg, Kaymakamlar Museum
File:Karabük labourers monument 7994.jpg, Karabük labourers monument
File:Karabük Atatürk monument 8320.jpg, Karabük Atatürk monument
File:Karabük at railroad 7992.jpg, Karabük at railroad
File:Karabük view 8033.jpg, Karabük view