Phalsbourg
Phalsbourg (; ; Lorraine Franconian: ''Phalsburch'') is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France, with a population of about 5,000.
It lies high on the west slopes of the Vosges, northwest of Strasbourg by rail ...
- 18 June 1891,
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...
) was the founder of
Calmann-Lévy
Calmann-Lévy is a French publishing house founded in 1836 by Michel Lévy as ''Michel Lévy frères''. His brother Kalmus Calmann Lévy joined in 1844, and the firm was renamed ''Calmann Lévy'' in 1875 after Michel's death.Noémie Grynberg. La fulgurante saga familiale des frères Lévy, inventeurs de l'édition moderne. Israel Magazine 200. /ref> was born in
Phalsbourg
Phalsbourg (; ; Lorraine Franconian: ''Phalsburch'') is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France, with a population of about 5,000.
It lies high on the west slopes of the Vosges, northwest of Strasbourg by rail ...
, he was the son of Simon Lévy and Pauline Lévy. Simon Lévy, an Alsatian Jewish '' colporteur'' (a peddler of printed publications) who moved to a poor neighbourhood in Paris in 1825. Kalmus and his brother Michel are the youngest of five children. Until 1825, Kalmus and Michel studied in a primary school of the Israelite Consistory of the Seine.
In 1836, Michel created the
Michel Lévy Frères
Michel Lévy Frères is a Parisian publishing house founded in 1836 by Michel Lévy with his brothers Nathan and Kalmus. Michel served as publisher until his death in 1875.
Michel Lévy Frères published such authors as Honoré de Balzac, Gusta ...
editions, which quickly published the greatest French writers. After Michel's death in 1875, Kalmus took over the management of the company and changed his first name to Calmann. Michel Lévy frères editions became Calmann-Lévy editions. Calmann Lévy died in 1893 and his sons succeeded him at the head of Calmann-Lévy.
Bibliography
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Jean-Yves Mollier
Jean-Yves Mollier (born 5 November 1947) is a French contemporary history teacher.
Biography
Mollier is teacher at the Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University. He is specialized in the history of publishing.
He has dedicated his docto ...
. ''Michel & Calmann Lévy ou la naissance de l'édition moderne 1836-1891.''
Calmann-Lévy
Calmann-Lévy is a French publishing house founded in 1836 by Michel Lévy as ''Michel Lévy frères''. His brother Kalmus Calmann Lévy joined in 1844, and the firm was renamed ''Calmann Lévy'' in 1875 after Michel's death.Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...
,
1984
Events
January
* January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888.
* January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast As ...