Kaki Mon'in
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Kaki Mon'in (嘉喜門院, died 1380s?) was a Japanese noblewoman,
Buddhist nun Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE. It is the world's fourth ...
and ''
waka WAKA (channel 8) is a television station licensed to Selma, Alabama, United States, serving as the CBS affiliate for the Montgomery area. It is owned by Bahakel Communications alongside Tuskegee-licensed CW+ affiliate WBMM (channel 22); B ...
'' poet of the
Nanboku-chō period The , also known as the Northern and Southern Courts period, was a period in Japanese history between 1336-1392 CE, during the formative years of the Ashikaga shogunate, Muromachi (Ashikaga) shogunate. Ideologically, the two courts fought for 50 ...
. She may have been the daughter of Ano Sanetame. She was a concubine of Japan's 97th emperor,
Emperor Go-Murakami (1328 – March 29, 1368) was the 97th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and a member of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period of rival courts. He reigned from September 18, 1339, until March 29, 13 ...
, an emperor of the
Southern Court The were a set of four emperors ( Emperor Go-Daigo and his line) whose claims to sovereignty during the Nanboku-chō period spanning from 1336 through 1392 were usurped by the Northern Court. This period ended with the Southern Court definitivel ...
, and the mother of the 99th,
Emperor Go-Kameyama (c. 1347 – May 10, 1424) was the 99th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He ruled from 1383 to October 21, 1392, becoming the last Emperor of the Southern Court. His personal name was . This 14th century sov ...
, and possibly the 98th,
Emperor Chōkei was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1368 through 1383. His personal name was Yutanari (寛成) and his regal name roughly translates to "Long Celebration". Genealogy His father was ...
. Her birth name may have been Ano Katsuko or Ano Shōshi (阿野勝子), but the sources for this name date from the seventeenth century and later. Seventeen of her poems were included in the ''
Shin'yō Wakashū The is a Nanboku-chō period collection of Japanese poetry compiled by Munenaga Shinnō ca. 1381. Although commissioned by Emperor Chōkei (r. 1368-83) of the Southern Court, it is not included in the '' Nijūichidaishū'', i.e., the twenty-one ...
'', an imperially commissioned ''waka'' anthology associated with the
Southern Court The were a set of four emperors ( Emperor Go-Daigo and his line) whose claims to sovereignty during the Nanboku-chō period spanning from 1336 through 1392 were usurped by the Northern Court. This period ended with the Southern Court definitivel ...
, into which she was married. Her poetry commemorating the death of her late husband is particularly well-regarded.


Biography

Kaki Mon'in's early life and family background are uncertain. She may have been the daughter of the courtier . She went to court as the adopted daughter of , becoming the concubine of
Emperor Go-Murakami (1328 – March 29, 1368) was the 97th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and a member of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period of rival courts. He reigned from September 18, 1339, until March 29, 13 ...
and giving birth to his son
Emperor Go-Kameyama (c. 1347 – May 10, 1424) was the 99th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He ruled from 1383 to October 21, 1392, becoming the last Emperor of the Southern Court. His personal name was . This 14th century sov ...
. She may have also been the mother of
Emperor Chōkei was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1368 through 1383. His personal name was Yutanari (寛成) and his regal name roughly translates to "Long Celebration". Genealogy His father was ...
. After Emperor Go-Murakami's death in 1368, she was given the title ', and later became a
nun A nun is a woman who vows to dedicate her life to religious service and contemplation, typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in the enclosure of a monastery or convent.''The Oxford English Dictionary'', vol. X, page 5 ...
. She probably died at some point between 1381 and 1392.


Name

Some
Edo period The , also known as the , is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional ''daimyo'', or feudal lords. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengok ...
genealogies give her name as "Shōshi" (勝子), but this is uncertain. ''Kaki Mon'in'' is a name she received in widowhood after 1368.


Works

She left a
private collection A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items. In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual ...
of ''
waka WAKA (channel 8) is a television station licensed to Selma, Alabama, United States, serving as the CBS affiliate for the Montgomery area. It is owned by Bahakel Communications alongside Tuskegee-licensed CW+ affiliate WBMM (channel 22); B ...
'', the '' Kaki Mon'in Go-shū'' (嘉喜門院御集), the notes (袖書 ''sodegaki'') included in which are a valuable historical source for the accession of
Emperor Chōkei was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1368 through 1383. His personal name was Yutanari (寛成) and his regal name roughly translates to "Long Celebration". Genealogy His father was ...
. In the seventh month of 1377, at
Prince Munenaga , an imperial prince (the eighth son of Emperor Godaigo) and a poet of the Nijō poetic school of Nanboku-chō period, mostly known for his compilation of the '' Shin'yō Wakashū''. His mother was the poet Nijō Tameko. Prince Munenaga led a t ...
's request, she submitted the ''Kaki Mon'in Go-shū'', from which seventeen poems were included in the ''
Shin'yō Wakashū The is a Nanboku-chō period collection of Japanese poetry compiled by Munenaga Shinnō ca. 1381. Although commissioned by Emperor Chōkei (r. 1368-83) of the Southern Court, it is not included in the '' Nijūichidaishū'', i.e., the twenty-one ...
'', an important fourteenth-century anthology compiled by the
Southern Court The were a set of four emperors ( Emperor Go-Daigo and his line) whose claims to sovereignty during the Nanboku-chō period spanning from 1336 through 1392 were usurped by the Northern Court. This period ended with the Southern Court definitivel ...
.


Reception

The scholar , in his article on her for the ''
Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten (Japanese: 日本古典文学大辞典) is a reference work about Japanese literature published by Iwanami Shoten circa 1983-1985. References External links * CiNii CiNii () is a bibliographic database service for ...
'', especially praised her poetry mourning the late Emperor Go-Murakami.


Notes


References


Works cited

* *


External links

*Th
''Kaki Mon'in Go-shū''
in the
National Institute of Japanese Literature The , or NIJL, was established in May 1972. Its primary purpose is to preserve manuscripts and books relating to the study of Japanese literature Japanese literature throughout most of its history has been influenced by cultural contact with n ...
.
Kaki Mon'in
on Kotobank. {{DEFAULTSORT:Kaki, Mon'in 14th-century deaths 14th-century Japanese poets People of the Nanboku-chō period Japanese nobility Japanese women poets 14th-century Japanese women 14th-century Japanese people Japanese Buddhist nuns 14th-century Buddhist nuns Nyoin Mothers of Japanese emperors