HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Kaiō Hiroyuki (born 24 July 1972 as Hiroyuki Koga) is a former professional
sumo is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling where a ''rikishi'' (wrestler) attempts to force his opponent out of a circular ring (''dohyō'') or into touching the ground with any body part other than the soles of his feet (usually by th ...
wrestler from
Nōgata, Fukuoka is a Cities of Japan, city located in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 55,151 in 27684 households, and a population density of 890 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . Geography Nōgata is locat ...
,
Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
. He made his debut in 1988, reaching the top ''
makuuchi , or , is the top division of Professional sumo divisions, the six divisions of professional sumo. Its size is fixed at 42 wrestlers (''rikishi''), ordered into five ranks according to their ability as defined by their performance in previous ...
'' division in 1993. He held the second highest rank of '' ōzeki'' or champion for eleven years from 2000 to 2011, and is the longest-serving ''ōzeki'' of all time in terms of number of tournaments fought. In his career, Kaiō won five top division ''
yūshō is the term for a championship in Japanese. This article focuses on championships in the sport of professional sumo. It is awarded in each of the six annual '' honbasho'' or official tournaments, to the wrestler who wins the most bouts. ''Yūs ...
'' or tournament championships, the last coming in 2004. This is the modern record for someone who has not ultimately made the top rank of ''
yokozuna , or , is the top division of the six divisions of professional sumo. Its size is fixed at 42 wrestlers ('' rikishi''), ordered into five ranks according to their ability as defined by their performance in previous tournaments. This is the o ...
.'' He was a runner-up in eleven other tournaments, and also won 15 '' sanshō'' or special prizes, the third highest ever. In November 2009 he broke the record previously held by Takamiyama for the most tournaments ranked in the top division, and in January 2010 he surpassed Chiyonofuji's record of most top division bouts won. In the May 2010 tournament he became the only wrestler besides Chiyonofuji to reach one thousand career wins, and he surpassed Chiyonofuji's career wins record of 1045 in July 2011. He retired in the same tournament to become a coach at Tomozuna stable under the elder name Asakayama. In 2014, he established the latest incarnation of the Asakayama stable.


Early career

Koga did
karate (; ; Okinawan language, Okinawan pronunciation: ), also , is a martial arts, martial art developed in the Ryukyu Kingdom. It developed from the Okinawan martial arts, indigenous Ryukyuan martial arts (called , "hand"; ''tī'' in Okinawan) un ...
for two years in elementary school, and
judo is an unarmed gendai budō, modern Japanese martial art, combat sport, Olympic sport (since 1964), and the most prominent form of jacket wrestling competed internationally.『日本大百科全書』電子版【柔道】(CD-ROM version of Encyc ...
in his second year of junior high school. He had not shown much interest in sumo but was asked by his parents to take part in sumo competitions. It was at one such competition in Fukuoka that he was spotted by the wrestler Kaiki, later Tomozuna Oyakata. After being introduced to Kaiki by a common acquaintance in Nōgata, the young Koga was recruited to Tomozuna stable upon graduation from junior high. Kaiki thought so highly of the apprentice that he promised Koga's parents that he would become a '' sekitori'' by the age of 20. However, because the move had been set up by others around him, and he had not ever had the ambition to be a ''rikishi'' himself, Koga initially had doubts that he would be able to succeed in sumo. He made his professional debut in March 1988, at the same time as former ''yokozuna'' Akebono, Takanohana and Wakanohana, who all made the top division faster than him but who had all retired by 2003. Initially fighting under his own surname, he reached the '' makushita'' division in September 1990 after winning the '' sandanme'' championship with a perfect 7–0 record. He won the ''makushita'' tournament in July 1991 and in November 1991, in his hometown tournament in Kyushu, he earned promotion to the ''sekitori'' ranks—a performance he later recalled as one of his most memorable ever. Upon making his debut in second highest ''
jūryō Professional sumo as administered by the Japan Sumo Association is divided into six ranked divisions. Wrestlers are promoted and demoted within and between these divisions based on the merit of their win–loss records in official tournaments. Fo ...
'' division in January 1992 he adopted the ''
shikona A is a sumo wrestler's ring name. The tradition of ring names in sumo dates back to the Muromachi period and established itself during the Edo period, where they were used as a means to hide the identities of the . Given by the master to his di ...
'' of Kaiō. After a few injury problems he worked his way up the ''jūryō'' division and reached the top ''
makuuchi , or , is the top division of Professional sumo divisions, the six divisions of professional sumo. Its size is fixed at 42 wrestlers (''rikishi''), ordered into five ranks according to their ability as defined by their performance in previous ...
'' division for the first time in May 1993. He fell back to ''jūryō'' after a 4–11 score in his ''makuuchi'' debut. This meant that, oddly, he had recorded a ''
make-koshi The following words are terms used in sumo wrestling in Japan. A B C D E F G H ...
'' or losing score in every tournament in which he was debuting in a new division. However, he returned to the top division in November 1993, where he was to remain for the rest of his career. After defeating his first ''yokozuna'' and winning his first special prize in March 1994, he was promoted to a ''
san'yaku The following words are terms used in sumo wrestling in Japan. A B C D E F G H ...
'' rank for the first time for the following tournament in May 1994, at ''
komusubi , or , is the top division of the six divisions of professional sumo. Its size is fixed at 42 wrestlers ('' rikishi''), ordered into five ranks according to their ability as defined by their performance in previous tournaments. This is the o ...
.'' He made '' sekiwake'' rank in January 1995, and came through with a winning record and another prize in his ''sekiwake'' debut. In the earlier part of his top division career Kaiō's lack of consistency, and injury problems, denied him the major promotion to '' ōzeki'' that his ability merited. He set records for both the number of tournaments spent at ''sekiwake'' (21) and for the longest run being consecutively ranked in the junior ''san'yaku'' ranks without making ''ōzeki'' (14). He also accumulated a record equalling ten ''Shukun-shō'', or Outstanding Performance Prizes. Together with his five ''Kantō-shō'', or Fighting Spirit awards, he has 15 special prizes in total, placing him third behind Akinoshima and Kotonishiki. He also earned six ''
kinboshi is a notation used in professional sumo is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling where a ''rikishi'' (wrestler) attempts to force his opponent out of a circular ring (''dohyō'') or into touching the ground with any body part oth ...
'' or gold stars for defeating ''yokozuna'' when ranked as a '' maegashira''. He twice took part in
playoffs The playoffs, play-offs, postseason or finals of a sports league are a competition played after the regular season by the top competitors to determine the league champion or a similar accolade. Depending on the league, the playoffs may be eithe ...
for the championship, in November 1996 (with four other wrestlers, won by Musashimaru) and in March 1997 (with three others, won by Takanohana). In May 1997 injuries to his left leg sustained in a match with Takanonami caused him to miss tournaments and took over a year to fully heal. He could not win more than eight bouts in a tourney during 1998, but he was runner-up in two more tournaments in 1999, in May and November.


''Ōzeki'' career

Kaiō won his first top division tournament championship in May 2000 from the ''komusubi'' rank, defeating ''yokozuna'' Takanohana and three ''ōzeki'' and losing just one bout to Akebono. It was the first top division ''yūshō'' by a wrestler from Tomozuna stable since Tachiyama in 1916. He attributed his victory partly to cutting down on his beer consumption. Set a target of eleven wins by the
Japan Sumo Association The , officially the ; sometimes abbreviated JSA or NSK, and more usually called Sumo Kyōkai, is the governing body that operates and controls Professional sports, professional sumo wrestling, called , in Japan under the jurisdiction of the Min ...
for promotion to ''ōzeki'' in the following tournament in July 2000, he achieved the necessary total on the final day and his promotion was confirmed a few days later. He was 28 years of age, and the 44 tournaments it took him to reach ''ōzeki'' from his top division debut was the second slowest ever. Nevertheless, he went on to maintain the rank for eleven years, eventually becoming the oldest ''ōzeki'' since the start of the
Shōwa era The was a historical period of History of Japan, Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito) from December 25, 1926, until Death and state funeral of Hirohito, his death on January 7, 1989. It was preceded by the T ...
in 1926, and also the longest serving, in terms of number of tournaments, a record he holds jointly with Chiyotaikai.


Challenge for ''yokozuna''

After becoming an ''ōzeki'' Kaiō won four more championships and came close to ''yokozuna'' promotion on a number of occasions. In March 2001 he won his second championship, losing only to the two ''yokozuna'' Takanohana and Musashimaru, and finishing on 13–2, one win ahead of them and Musōyama. His third ''yūshō'' came in July 2001, when in the absence of Takanohana he clinched the title on the fourteenth day by defeating Musashimaru. However he was denied the chance of going for consecutive ''yūshō'' because after each of these triumphs he had to withdraw from the following tournament with
sciatica Sciatica is pain going down the leg from the lower back. This pain may go down the back, outside, or front of the leg. Onset is often sudden following activities such as heavy lifting, though gradual onset may also occur. The pain is often desc ...
in his lower back, a chronic problem which continued to restrict his mobility for the rest of his career. He was three times a runner-up in 2002, and then after finishing runner up in consecutive tournaments in March and May 2003 he took the July championship, defeating his only rival Chiyotaikai on the final day to win the ''yūshō'' with a 12–3 record. However, after injuring himself in training he could win only seven bouts in the following tournament. On 6 October 2001,
JR Kyushu The , also referred to as , is one of the seven constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates intercity rail services within Kyushu, Japan. It formerly operated the Beetle hydrofoil service across the Tsushima Strait be ...
started a new train service named after him from Hakata to his home town Nōgata, making it one of the few JR trains named after a living person. Kaiō was also invited to the launching ceremony, but eventually did not attend because of his health issues. In 2004, a year in which Kaiō was injury-free, he was runner-up in March, and then won the September tournament virtually unchallenged after two of his three ''ōzeki'' rivals dropped out injured and ''yokozuna'' Asashōryū could score only 9–6. He finished on 13–2, two wins ahead of rank-and-filers Tochinonada and Kyokushūzan. In the crucial following tournament in November, he dropped his opening bout to Kotomitsuki and then was surprisingly defeated by newcomer Hakuhō on Day 10 and ''sekiwake'' Miyabiyama on Day 12. Although he defeated Asashōryū on the final day to finish runner-up to the ''yokozuna'' with twelve wins, it was one win short of the thirteen deemed necessary by the Sumo Association for promotion. Kaiō was set another target of thirteen wins in the following January 2005 tournament, but pulled out with a shoulder injury on the 9th day. This proved to be his final attempt at ''yokozuna'' promotion. Due to his injuries he was ''kadoban'' (in danger of demotion from ''ōzeki'') a total of thirteen times, a record second only to Chiyotaikai.


Later ''ōzeki'' career

After his eleventh runner-up performance in November 2004 Kaiō seldom contended for the championship or even produced a score in double figures, leading some commentators to suggest his retirement was overdue. However, he continued to set records. His 8–7 mark in January 2008 was his 64th ''
kachi-koshi The following words are terms used in sumo is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling where a ''rikishi'' (wrestler) attempts to force his opponent out of a circular ring (''dohyō'') or into touching the ground with any body part oth ...
'' (majority of wins against losses) in the top division, breaking the record previously held by Kitanoumi. In May 2008 he became only the fourth man, after Kitanoumi, Ōshio and Chiyonofuji, to reach 900 career wins, and in July 2008, on his 36th birthday, he moved ahead of Taihō into third place on the all-time list of top division wins, behind only Chiyonofuji and Kitanoumi. In September 2009 he won his 965th career match, moving past Ōshio into second place on career wins. The November 2009 tournament was Kaiō's 98th ranked in the top division, breaking the 25-year-old record held by Takamiyama. During this tournament he overtook Kitanoumi to move into second place on top division wins, just one behind Chiyonofuji on 806. He also became the first wrestler to post six successive 8–7 scores in a calendar year. On the third day of the January 2010 tournament, he set a new record for ''makuuchi'' wins, breaking former ''yokozuna'' Chiyonofuji's record of 807. Ironically, his 808th win was a defeat of fellow veteran ''ōzeki'' and Chiyonofuji disciple, Chiyotaikai. Chiyotaikai would announce his retirement the next day. Kaiō was congratulated by Chiyonofuji, who said it was "a splendid achievement...records are there to be broken." In the same tournament, Kaiō also ended a string of 17 consecutive losses against ''yokozuna'' Hakuhō by defeating him on the 13th day and paving the way for Asashōryū to take the tournament. The May 2010 tournament was Kaiō's 111th ranked in ''jūryō'' or above, breaking the record previously held by Terao. Shortly before the tournament began he was given the prime minister's award for his contribution to promoting sport in Japan. On the final day of the ''basho'' he won his 1000th career match with a victory over Kotoōshū, becoming only the second wrestler after Chiyonofuji to reach this landmark. The dismissal of Kotomitsuki in July 2010 for involvement in illegal gambling on baseball left Kaiō as the only Japanese wrestler in the top two ranks. He expressed sympathy for his fellow ''ōzeki'', telling reporters that dismissal was harsh and that he wished Kotomitsuki could have been given the chance to reform. On Day 10 of the Nagoya Sumo Tournament, Kaiō lost to fellow ''ōzeki'' Kotoōshū, and the next morning announced he was pulling out of the tournament with a 6–4 record, citing an injured left shoulder. However, he returned to hold his rank yet again in the September tournament. The November 2010 tournament in Kaiō's hometown of Fukuoka saw him rebound from an opening day loss to win eleven straight matches, challenging for the ''yūshō'' alongside Hakuhō, Baruto and Toyonoshima. This was the first time he had achieved double-digit wins since May 2007, and his run did much to restore interest in a tournament that had seen Hakuhō's postwar record winning streak of 63 matches come to an end on just the second day. He finished on 12–3, his best performance in six years. As a result, on the January 2011 '' banzuke'' he returned to the top ''ōzeki'' position of #1 East for the first time in 21 tournaments. Following the retirement of Tosanoumi he was the oldest active '' sekitori'' in this tournament. In February 2011 he apologised to sumo fans on behalf of the Sumo Association for the cancellation of the March tournament in Osaka due to an ongoing investigation into match-fixing by 14 wrestlers and stablemasters. In that tournament Kaiō would have been hoping to break Chiyonofuji's record of 1045 career wins, of which he was at that time just ten shy. He told reporters, "I can no longer think of my personal career. I must focus on what I should do for the sumo world." On the fifth day of the "technical examination tournament" held in May 2011 Kaiō achieved his 516th win as an ''ōzeki'', breaking the record previously held by Chiyotaikai. On Day 12 he fought his 1431st top division match, surpassing Takamiyama's total. His final day victory over Hakuhō was his 1044th in sumo, just one behind Chiyonofuji, but he commented afterwards, "Under these est meetcircumstances, I'm not thinking of that." At 38 years and 9 months he was the oldest ''rikishi'' in over 70 years to beat a ''yokozuna''.


Retirement from sumo

The July 2011 tournament was Kaiō's 65th as an ''ōzeki'', tying Chiyotaikai's record. On the fourth day he slapped down Toyonoshima to earn his first victory of the ''basho'' and his 1045th in his career. Congratulated by Chiyonofuji backstage after the bout, Kaiō replied, "I feel sorry to be compared to someone as great as you." The following day he forced out Kyokutenhō to surpass Chiyonofuji and in first place. On Day 10, having lost to Kotoōshū to fall to 3–7, Kaiō announced his retirement from sumo, just a few days short of his 39th birthday, after a discussion with his stablemaster. He remained in sumo as a coach at Tomozuna stable, using the ''
toshiyori A , also known as an , is a sumo Elder (administrative title), elder exercising both Coach (sport), coaching functions with rikishi, active wrestlers and Management, responsibilities within the Japan Sumo Association (JSA). All are former wrest ...
'' or elder name of Asakayama. His retirement left no Japanese at ''ōzeki'' or ''yokozuna'' for the first time since January 1993. Speaking at a press conference after his announcement, Kaiō said, "I might not have reached yokozuna or won the championship in front of my home fans in Kyushu but I've had a fulfilling career and have no regrets." His '' danpatsu-shiki'', or official retirement ceremony, took place at the
Ryōgoku Kokugikan , also known as Ryōgoku Sumo Hall or Kokugikan Arena, is the name bestowed to two different indoor sporting arenas located in Tokyo. The first ''Ryōgoku Kokugikan'' opened its doors in 1909 and was located on the premises of the Ekōin temple i ...
on 27 May 2012, with around 10000 spectators and hundreds of dignitaries, including his fellow March 1988 entrant Takanohana, taking turns to snip his topknot before it was finally removed by his stablemaster Tomozuna. In February 2014 he established his own stable, Asakayama-''beya'', in Sumida,
Tokyo Tokyo, officially the Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan, capital and List of cities in Japan, most populous city in Japan. With a population of over 14 million in the city proper in 2023, it is List of largest cities, one of the most ...
. In May 2014, the stable had four active wrestlers, and as of January 2018, the roster had increased to 11. In September 2019 the stable produced its first '' sekitori'' in Kaishō. After the January 2023 tournament it was announced that Asakayama would become the deputy director of the judging department. During the January 2024 tournament, he withdrew from his judging duties on the twelfth day and announced his intention to undergo surgery for
sinusitis Sinusitis, also known as rhinosinusitis, is an inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the sinuses resulting in symptoms that may include production of thick nasal mucus, nasal congestion, facial congestion, facial pain, facial pressure ...
. During the same year, in March, he was elected director of the Japan Sumo Association for the first time, his term of office to run until 2026.


Fighting style

Kaiō was solidly a ''yotsu-sumo'' wrestler, favouring a right hand outside, left hand inside grip (''hidari-yotsu'') on his opponent's ''
mawashi In sumo, a is the loincloth that (sumo wrestlers) wear during training or in competition. Upper ranked professional wrestlers wear a as part of the ring entry ceremony or . ''Mawashi'' ''Sekitori'' During competition For top ranked profess ...
'' or belt. He was well known for his power in the ''hidari-yotsu'' position, which even ''yokozuna'' Takanohana at his peak had trouble countering. His most common winning
technique Technique or techniques may refer to: Music * The Techniques, a Jamaican rocksteady vocal group of the 1960s * Technique (band), a British female synth pop band in the 1990s * ''Technique'' (album), by New Order, 1989 * ''Techniques'' (album), by ...
was a straightforward ''yori-kiri'' or force out, which accounted for a third of his career victories, followed by ''oshi-dashi'' or push out. He often used his right hand outer grip to win by ''uwatenage'' (the overarm throw), which was his most common throwing move. Two of his ''yūshō''-winning bouts were decided by ''uwatenage'', and he was noted for his exceptional power and technique when using this throw. More controversially, he was also known for employing ''kotenage'', (the armlock throw), a technique that can injure the opponent. Kaiō unintentionally caused a number of injuries with this technique over the years, including Tochinonada in 1999, who sustained long-term damage to his elbow, and Kotoryū in March 2001, who suffered a broken arm.


Personal life

Kaiō's wife, , is a former
All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling , nicknamed Zenjo (全女: 全 meaning "All", 女 meaning "Woman") was a ''joshi puroresu'' (women's professional wrestling) professional wrestling promotion, promotion established in 1968 by Takashi Matsunaga and his brothers. The group held the ...
professional wrestler Professional wrestling, often shortened to either pro wrestling or wrestling,The term "wrestling" is most often widely used to specifically refer to modern scripted professional wrestling, though it is also used to refer to real-life wrest ...
. Nishiwaki's apprentices in the promotion include Takako Inoue, Mima Shimoda or Aja Kong. The couple met through a journalist who wrote about both sumo and women's pro wrestling while she was undergoing treatment for
ovarian cancer Ovarian cancer is a cancerous tumor of an ovary. It may originate from the ovary itself or more commonly from communicating nearby structures such as fallopian tubes or the inner lining of the abdomen. The ovary is made up of three different ...
. The couple married in June 1999. The wedding reception in a hotel in Tokyo was attended by some 570 guests, including Takanohana. Kaiō published an autobiography, ''Kairiki'' (meaning "Herculean Strength").


Career record


See also

*
Glossary of sumo terms The following words are terms used in sumo wrestling in Japan. A B C D E F G H ...
* List of sumo record holders *
List of sumo tournament top division champions This is a list of wrestlers who have won the top division (''makuuchi'') championship in professional sumo since 1909, when the current championship system was established. These official tournaments are held exclusively in Japan. 1958 to prese ...
* List of sumo tournament top division runners-up *
List of past sumo wrestlers This is a list of prominent past wrestlers (either retired or deceased) in the sport of professional sumo. They are listed in order of the year and tournament month that they made their professional debuts. The information listed below was gleaned ...
*
List of sumo elders This is a list of toshiyori, elders of the Japan Sumo Association (JSA). More accurately called "elder stock" or ''toshiyori kabu,'' these names are a finite number of licenses that can be passed on, and are strictly controlled by the JSA. They all ...
*
List of ōzeki 53 sumo wrestlers have reached the second highest in the sport, the rank of '' ōzeki'', but have failed to rise to the top rank since the modern era of sumo began in 1927 with the merger of the Tokyo and Osaka organizations. By 2020, over 250 wre ...


References


External links

*
Tomozuna Beya (Japanese language) Tomozuna Beya in English
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Kaio, Hiroyuki 1972 births Living people Japanese sumo wrestlers People from Nōgata, Fukuoka Sumo people from Fukuoka Prefecture Ōzeki Sports world record setters