was a Japanese era or ''nengō'' which was promulgated by the more militarily powerful two Imperial rival courts during the . This ''nengō'' came after Kōei and before Kannō and lasted from October 1345 through February 1350. The emperor in Kyoto was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' pp. 294-299; Nussbaum, p. 541. Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was .

Nanboku-chō overview

During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911, established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001)
''Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology'', p. 199 n57
citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). ''History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan''. pp. 140–147. Until the end of the

Edo period The , also known as the , is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional ''daimyo'', or feudal lords. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengok ...

, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in Imperial chronologies despite the undisputed fact that the Imperial Regalia were not in their possession. This illegitimate had been established in

Kyoto Kyoto ( or ; Japanese language, Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan's largest and most populous island of Honshu. , the city had a population of 1.46 million, making it t ...

by Ashikaga Takauji.

Change of era

* 1345, also called : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Kōei'' 2. In this time frame, Kōkoku (1340-1346) and Shōhei (1346-1370) were Southern Court equivalent ''nengō.''

Events of the Jōwa era

* 1346 (''Jōwa 2, 2nd month''): The '' kampaku'' Takatsukasa Morohira was relieved of his duties; and he was replaced by Nijō Yoshimoto.Titsingh, p. 297. * 1347 (''Jōwa 3, 9th month''): Nijō Yoshimoto was demoted from his high office as ''Kampaku;'' and he was instead given the title and responsibilities of '' sadaijin.'' * 1349 (''Jōwa 5''):— Go-Murakami flees to A'no; Ashikaga Tadayoshi and Kō no Moronao quarrel; Ashikaga Motouji, son of Takauji, appointed Kamakura KanreiAckroyd, Joyce. (1982) ''Lessons from History: the Tokushi Yoron,'' p.329.

Notes

References

* Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) ''Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron''. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press. * Mehl, Margaret. (1997). ''History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan''. New York: St Martin's Press.
OCLC 419870136
* Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). ''Japan Encyclopedia''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
OCLC 48943301
* Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001). ''Reconfiguring Modernity: Concepts of Nature in Japanese Political Ideology''. Berkeley:

University of California Press The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by faculty ...

. ; * Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). '' Nihon Ōdai Ichiran''; ou
''Annales des empereurs du Japon''.
Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland
OCLC 5850691

External links

* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar
-- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jowa (Muromachi period) Japanese eras 1340s in Japan 1350s in Japan 14th-century neologisms