was a after ''
Tenchō'' and before ''
Kashō.'' This period spanned the years from January 834 through July 848. The reigning emperors were and .
Change of era
* February 14, 834 : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Tenchō'' 10, on the 3rd day of the 1st month of 834.
[Brown, p. 284.]
Events of the ''Jōwa'' era
* 834 (''Jōwa 1''): Emperor Ninmyō planted a cherry tree near the
shishinden to replace the tree
Emperor Kanmu
, or Kammu, was the 50th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 桓武天皇 (50) retrieved 2013-8-22. according to the traditional order of succession. Kanmu reigned from 781 to 806, and it was during his reign that the sco ...
had planted at the time the capital was established in Kyoto.
* 834 (''Jōwa 1''):
Kūkai
Kūkai (; 27 July 774 – 22 April 835Kūkai was born in 774, the 5th year of the Hōki era; his exact date of birth was designated as the fifteenth day of the sixth month of the Japanese lunar calendar, some 400 years later, by the Shingon s ...
is given permission to establish a Shingon chapel at the Imperial Palace.
* June 11, 840 (''Jōwa 7, 8th day of the 5th month''): The former-Emperor Junna died at the age of 55.
* 843 (''Jōwa 10''): Work was completed on the multi-volume ''
Nihon Kōki''.
By the ''Jōwa'' era, the formality of male promotions (''Dansei jōi'') were announced by the seventh day of each new year, while those for women (''Onna jōi'') were announced on the eighth day.
[Ko, Dorothy '' et al.'' (2003)]
''Women and Confucian Cultures in Premodern China, Korea, and Japan'', p. 74 n66.
/ref>
Notes
References
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979)
''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past''.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
OCLC 251325323
* Ko, Dorothy, JaHyun Kim Haboush and Joan R. Piggott. (2003)
''Women and Confucian Cultures in Premodern China, Korea, and Japan''.
. Berkeley: University of California Press
The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by facult ...
. ;
OCLC 249343721
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005)
''Japan encyclopedia''.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing. It is a member of the Association of American University Presses. After the reti ...
.
OCLC 58053128
* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Nihon Ōdai Ichiran
, ', is a 17th-century chronicle of the serial reigns of Japanese emperors with brief notes about some of the noteworthy events or other happenings.
According to the 1871 edition of the '' American Cyclopaedia'', the 1834 French translation of ...
''; ou
''Annales des empereurs du Japon''.
Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland
OCLC 5850691
* Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa''. New York: Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. It is currently directed by Jennifer Crewe (2014–present) and publishes titles in the humanities and sciences, including the fi ...
.
OCLC 6042764
External links
* National Diet Library
The is the national library of Japan and among the largest libraries in the world. It was established in 1948 for the purpose of assisting members of the in researching matters of public policy. The library is similar in purpose and scope t ...
, "The Japanese Calendar
-- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jowa (Heian period)
Japanese eras
9th century in Japan
834 beginnings
848 endings