Jüdenstraße, or Juedenstrasse (see ß; ), is a street in central

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

, the capital of

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

. It is in the borough of

Mitte Mitte () is the first and most central borough of Berlin. The borough consists of six sub-entities: Mitte proper, Gesundbrunnen, Hansaviertel, Moabit, Tiergarten and Wedding. It is one of the two boroughs (the other being Friedrichshain-Kreuz ...

and runs between Rathausstraße and Stralauer Straße, next to the

Rotes Rathaus The Red Town Hall ( ) is the town hall of Berlin, Germany, located in the Mitte (locality), Mitte district on Rathausstraße near Alexanderplatz. It is the home to the Governing Mayor of Berlin, governing mayor and the government (the Senate of B ...

, Berlin's town hall. It is one of the oldest streets in Berlin, dating from the late 13th century. Its name preserves the old

East Central German East Central German or East Middle German () is the eastern Central German language and is part of High German. Present-day Standard German as a High German variant, has actually developed from a compromise of East Central (especially Upper Saxo ...

expression for Jews, which was ''Jüden'', instead of

New High German New High German (NHG; ) is the term used for the most recent period in the history of the German language, starting in the 17th century. It is a loan translation of the German (). The most important characteristic of the period is the developme ...

''Juden''. The

Yiddish Yiddish, historically Judeo-German, is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews. It originated in 9th-century Central Europe, and provided the nascent Ashkenazi community with a vernacular based on High German fused with ...

term for Jews «יידן» (transliterated: Yidn) is based on the same German dialect form, with the German umlaut ''ü'' being represented by a «י» (here pronounced ). As the name of the street suggests, it once ran through the Jewish district of medieval Berlin, which was no

ghetto A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group are concentrated, especially as a result of political, social, legal, religious, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished than other ...

-like obligatory residential area for Jews. An alley of Jüdenstraße named ''Großer Jüdenhof'' was the site of the synagogue, school and miqveh. They were founded on an estate of the

Margrave of Brandenburg This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the time when Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire. The Mark, or ''March'', of Brandenburg was one of the primary constituent states of the Holy Roman Emp ...

within his immunity district (''landesherrliche Freiheit'') not under Berlin's city council jurisdiction. Many Jews preferred to live close to these congregational institutions, until Elector

Joachim I Nestor Joachim I Nestor (21 February 1484 – 11 July 1535) was a Prince-elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (1499–1535), the fifth member of the House of Hohenzollern. His nickname was taken from King Nestor of Greek mythology. Biography Th ...

expelled the Jews from

Brandenburg Brandenburg, officially the State of Brandenburg, is a States of Germany, state in northeastern Germany. Brandenburg borders Poland and the states of Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Saxony. It is the List of Ger ...

in 1510.

Horst Wessel Horst Ludwig Georg Erich Wessel (9 October 1907 – 23 February 1930) was a member of the Sturmabteilung (SA), the paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party, who became a propaganda symbol in Nazi Germany following his murder in 1930 by two members ...

lived there in his youth. Image:Berlin, Jüdenstraße Richtung Stralauer Straße.jpg, Jüdenstraße, ca. 1890 Image:Berlin, Jüdenhof und Jüdenstraße 46–49, Ansichtskarte.jpg, Jüdenstraße with the entrance to the ''Großer Jüdenhof'', ca. 1930 Image:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P063067, Berlin, Jüdenhof, Kinder beim Spielen.jpg, ''Großer Jüdenhof'', 1930 Image:1811.Molkenmarkt 1 14.3068.tif, Map with "Groß. Jüdenhof", Molkenmarkt,

Nikolaiviertel The (; 'Nicholas Quarter') is an old Quarter (urban subdivision), quarter of the German capital of Berlin, founded . Together with nearby Cölln, they jointly make up Alt-Berlin, the reconstructed historical heart of the city. Located in the M ...

and Parochialkirche, 1811 Image:Three Administration Buildings Comparison.png, Map with Jüdenstraße, 2012 Image:Berlin Stadthaus.jpg, Aerial view of Jüdenstraße and Molkenmarkt, 2005 Image:Altes Stadthaus, Westseite, Berlin-Mitte, 160213, ako.jpg, Altes Stadthaus in Jüdenstraße

References

Ethnic enclaves in Germany Streets in Berlin Historic Jewish communities in Europe Jews and Judaism in Berlin {{Germany-hist-stub

See also

References