Júlio Prates de Castilhos (29 June 1860 – 24 October 1903) was a Brazilian journalist and politician, having been elected ''Patriarch of Rio Grande do Sul''.

Politics

He was elected twice as the governor of

Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, ; ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative units of Brazil#List, fifth-most populous state and the List of Brazilian s ...

and was the principal author of the State Constitution of 1891 and a model for many future politicians of the region. He disseminated positivist ideas in Brazil. On 15 July 1891, Castilhos was elected president of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. However, with the 3 November coup of

Deodoro da Fonseca Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca (; 5 August 1827 – 23 August 1892) was a Brazilian politician and military officer who served as the Head of Provisional Government and the first president of Brazil. He was born in Alagoas in a military family, fo ...

, he was deposed that year. He re-ran for the same office one year later, without adversaries, and regained his old post. Less than a year later, the unsuccessful

Federalist Revolution The Federalist Revolution (Portuguese language, Portuguese: ''Revolução Federalista'') was a civil war that took place in southern Brazil between 1893 and 1895, fought by the federalists, opponents of Rio Grande do Sul state president, Júlio ...

began, with one of the rebel force's demands being his removal from power. His opposers claimed that the State Constitution granted the state governor near-dictatorial powers.

Castilhism

Castilhism was a political theory instituted by Júlio de Castilhos in Rio Grande do Sul, having as characteristics the centralization of powers in the Executive, the institution of mechanisms of direct participation, such as plebiscites and popular referendums; the establishment of a modernizing, interventionist and regulating State of the economy, in addition to its intermediary and moralizing role in society.

Personal life

Castilhos and his wife, Honorina, had six children.

Death

Júlio de Castilhos died prematurely in 1903, a victim of throat cancer.

Legacy

1231 Duque de Caxias, the last house in which he lived was acquired by the state, following the death of his widow in 1905. The house was converted into the Júlio de Castilhos Museum (''Museu Júlio de Castilhos'') in the centre of Porto Alegre, the oldest museum in Rio Grande do Sul. The politician was also honoured in the capital with the construction of a large monument in the Praça da Matriz (''Matriz Square''). The Júlio de Castilhos State School in Porto Alegre and the town of Júlio de Castilhos, where he was born, were named in his honour.

References

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1860 births 1903 deaths Governors of Rio Grande do Sul Republican Party of Rio Grande do Sul politicians People from Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul People from Porto Alegre Brazilian positivists Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil) from Rio Grande do Sul {{Brazil-Deputy-stub