Józef Turowski (died 24 July 1989 in
Warsaw
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...
, Poland) was a
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Polish people, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
* Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin ...
military historian.
He authored two books, published in 1990: ''Pożoga: Walki 27 Wołyńskiej Dywizji AK'' (Conflagration: Battles of the
Home Army
The Home Army (, ; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II. The Home Army was formed in February 1942 from the earlier Związek Walki Zbrojnej (Armed Resistance) established in the ...
's 27th
Wołyń
Volhynia or Volynia ( ; see below) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly ...
Division); and, with
Władysław Siemaszko
Władysław Siemaszko (born 8 June 1919) is a Polish publicist and lawyer, former member of the Polish resistance Armia Krajowa (AK), author of numerous publications focusing on the massacres of Poles in Volhynia. He is the father of writer Ewa ...
, ''Zbrodnie nacjonalistów ukraińskich dokonane na ludności polskiej na Wołyniu 1939-1945'' (Crimes Committed by Ukrainian Nationalists against
Wołyń
Volhynia or Volynia ( ; see below) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly ...
's Polish Population, 1939–1945).
Research
''Crimes Committed by Ukrainian Nationalists'', written with the aid of researcher, lawyer, and former
Home Army
The Home Army (, ; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II. The Home Army was formed in February 1942 from the earlier Związek Walki Zbrojnej (Armed Resistance) established in the ...
soldier
Władysław Siemaszko
Władysław Siemaszko (born 8 June 1919) is a Polish publicist and lawyer, former member of the Polish resistance Armia Krajowa (AK), author of numerous publications focusing on the massacres of Poles in Volhynia. He is the father of writer Ewa ...
, recounts the 1942–45
massacres of Poles in Poland's prewar Wołyń Province. It produced an avalanche of responses from massacre survivors and witnesses, providing additional facts about events and localities that had not been included in the original edition.
The book features the first chronological register of
Ukrainian ''
OUN'' and ''
UPA'' attacks on the Polish population, giving dates, places, short descriptions of crimes committed, estimated numbers of victims and, where possible, their names. Most of the accounts are based on material gathered by Turowski for a memoir project begun in 1985 by Polish veterans of the
Home Army's 27th Wołyń Division.
About a thousand Wołyń localities are listed here for the first time.
This book was followed up by a much more extensively documented ten-year project of
Władysław Siemaszko
Władysław Siemaszko (born 8 June 1919) is a Polish publicist and lawyer, former member of the Polish resistance Armia Krajowa (AK), author of numerous publications focusing on the massacres of Poles in Volhynia. He is the father of writer Ewa ...
and his daughter,
Ewa Siemaszko
Ewa Siemaszko (born 27 October 1947) is a Polish writer, publicist and lecturer; collector of oral accounts and historical data regarding the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia. An engineer by profession with Master's in technological studies from th ...
, ''Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939-1945'' (Genocide Committed by Ukrainian Nationalists against the Polish Population of Wołyń, 1939–1945),
Warsaw
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...
, 2000, 1433 pp., illustrated, . The authors identified by name almost 20,000 victims of Ukrainian
ethnic cleansing
Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous. Along with direct removal such as deportation or population transfer, it ...
in only half of Wołyń's administrative units; the true losses of Polish civilians—men, women and children—were in excess of 60,000.
Józef Turowski, in his ''Conflagration'', attempted to assess as well the extent of Jewish human losses in Wołyń.
Works
* ''Pożoga: Walki 27 Wołyńskiej Dywizji AK'' (Conflagration: Battles of the
Home Army
The Home Army (, ; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II. The Home Army was formed in February 1942 from the earlier Związek Walki Zbrojnej (Armed Resistance) established in the ...
's 27th
Wołyń
Volhynia or Volynia ( ; see below) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly ...
Division), Warsaw,
Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe
Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN (''Polish Scientific Publishers PWN''; until 1991 ''Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe'' - ''National Scientific Publishers PWN'', PWN) is a Polish book publisher, founded in 1951, when it split from the Wydawnictwa Szkolne i ...
, 1990, , 597 pages, maps, over 70 photographs.
ref>
* with
Władysław Siemaszko
Władysław Siemaszko (born 8 June 1919) is a Polish publicist and lawyer, former member of the Polish resistance Armia Krajowa (AK), author of numerous publications focusing on the massacres of Poles in Volhynia. He is the father of writer Ewa ...
, ''Zbrodnie nacjonalistów ukraińskich dokonane na ludności polskiej na Wołyniu 1939-1945'' (Crimes Committed by Ukrainian Nationalists against
Wołyń
Volhynia or Volynia ( ; see below) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly ...
's Polish Population, 1939–1945), Warsaw,
Główna Komisja Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce –
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej
The Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (, abbreviated IPN) is a Polish state research institute in charge of education and archives which also includes two public prosecutio ...
, Środowisko Żołnierzy 27 Wołyńskiej Dywizji Armii Krajowej w Warszawie (Chief Commission for the Investigation of Nazi Crimes in Poland – the
Institute of National Remembrance
The Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (, abbreviated IPN) is a Polish state research institute in charge of education and archives which also includes two public prosecutio ...
, and Association of Soldiers of the
Home Army
The Home Army (, ; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II. The Home Army was formed in February 1942 from the earlier Związek Walki Zbrojnej (Armed Resistance) established in the ...
's 27th Wołyń Division in Warsaw.
See also
*
Soviet invasion of Poland
The Soviet invasion of Poland was a military conflict by the Soviet Union without a formal declaration of war. On 17 September 1939, the Soviet Union invaded Second Polish Republic, Poland from the east, 16 days after Nazi Germany invaded Polan ...
Notes and references
{{DEFAULTSORT:Turowski, Jozef
Year of birth missing
1989 deaths
20th-century Polish historians
Historians of World War II
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
Polish non-fiction writers
Polish male non-fiction writers