Julius (I) from the kindred Rátót (; died 1239) was a powerful Hungarian baron and landowner, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings
Andrew II and
Béla IV
Béla may refer to:
* Béla (crater), an elongated lunar crater
* Béla (given name), a common Hungarian male given name
See also
* Bela (disambiguation)
* Belá (disambiguation)
* Bělá (disambiguation) Bělá may refer to:
Places in the Cze ...
. He was the founder of the
''gens'' Rátót's economical and political power.
[Markó 2006, p. 290.]
He was the second son of
Leustach Rátót, who served as
voivode of Transylvania
The Voivode of Transylvania (;Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 77. ;Zsoldos 2011, p. 36. ; ) was the highest-ranking official in Transylvania within the Kingdom of Hungary from the 12th century to the 16th century. Appointed by the King of Hun ...
from 1176 to 1196. As Julius I had no descendants, his brother
Rathold,
ispán
The ispánRady 2000, p. 19.''Stephen Werbőczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)'', p. 450. or countEngel 2001, p. 40.Curta 2006, p. 355. (, , and ),Kirschbaum 2007, p. 315. deriving from title of župan, ...
(''comes'') of
Somogy County
Somogy (, ; ; , ) is an administrative county (Counties of Hungary, comitatus or ''vármegye'') in present Hungary, and also in the former Kingdom of Hungary.
Somogy County lies in south-western Hungary, on the border with Croatia's Koprivnica- ...
carried on the clan's name through his two sons.
His influence arose during the reign of Andrew II. He served as ispán of
Nyitra County
Nyitra County (; ; ; ) was an administrative county ( comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory lay in what is now western Slovakia.
Geography
Nyitra County shared borders with the Austrian land Moravia and Trencsén County, Turó ...
in 1214.
[Zsoldos 2011, p. 174.] He functioned as
judge royal
The judge royal, also justiciar,Rady 2000, p. 49. chief justiceSegeš 2002, p. 202. or Lord Chief JusticeFallenbüchl 1988, p. 145. (,Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 72. ,Zsoldos 2011, p. 26. , ), was the second-highest judge, preceded only by the Palati ...
between 1219 and 1221, besides that he also served as ispán of
Keve County.
[Zsoldos 2011, p. 28.] He lost the office during the constitutional crisis around the
Golden Bull of 1222
The Golden Bull of 1222 was a golden bull, or edict, issued by Andrew II of Hungary. King Andrew II was forced by his nobles to accept the Golden Bull (Aranybulla), which was one of the first examples of constitutional limits being placed on th ...
.
After that he held several county functions: he was the ispán of
Moson
Moson (German: Wieselburg, Slovak: Mošon) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary, situated mostly on the right (south) side of the Danube river. Its territory is now divided between Austria and Hungary, except a sma ...
(1221),
[Zsoldos 2011, p. 169.] Bihar
Bihar ( ) is a states and union territories of India, state in Eastern India. It is the list of states and union territories of India by population, second largest state by population, the List of states and union territories of India by are ...
(1222)
[Zsoldos 2011, p. 139.] and
Vas Counties (1225).
[Zsoldos 2011, p. 223.]
Julius I was appointed voivode of
Transylvania
Transylvania ( or ; ; or ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjen'') is a List of historical regions of Central Europe, historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and ...
in 1229.
[Engel 2001, p. 381.][Zsoldos 2011, p. 38.] During that time, he joined to the liege of prince Béla, who became
duke of Transylvania
The Duke of Transylvania (; ) was a title of nobility four times granted to a son or a brother of the Hungarian monarch. The dukes of the first and second creations, Béla (1226–1235) and Stephen (1257–1258 or 1259, 1260–1270) ...
in 1226, following the agreement between the king and his son after a series of conflicts for the throne. The fact could be played a role in his betrayal that his cousin,
Matthias Rátót
Matthias from the kindred Rátót (; died April 11, 1241) was a Hungarian prelate in the first half of the 13th century, who served as Bishop of Vác from 1238 to 1240, then Archbishop of Esztergom from 1239 until his death in the Battle of Mohi ...
, who functioned as
provost
Provost may refer to:
Officials
Ecclesiastic
* Provost (religion), a high-ranking church official
* Prince-provost, a high-ranking church official
Government
* Provost (civil), an officer of local government, including the equivalent ...
of
Zagreb
Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the ...
, held the dignity of chancellor for Béla, future
king of Hungary
The King of Hungary () was the Monarchy, ruling head of state of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 (or 1001) to 1918. The style of title "Apostolic King of Hungary" (''Magyarország apostoli királya'') was endorsed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 ...
.
Julius served as voivode until 1231.
It is plausible he is identical with that "Iula", mentioned by a charter of
Innocent, Bishop of Syrmia in November 1233, who served as
Ban of Severin. He held the dignity perhaps until 1235. When Béla IV ascended the throne in 1235, Julius was appointed judge royal for the second time and remained in office until his death in 1239. Besides that he also served as ispán of
Csanád
Csanád, also Chanadinus, or Cenad, was the first head ''(comes)'' of Csanád County in the Kingdom of Hungary in the first decades of the 11th century.
Csanád defeated and killed Ajtony who had ruled over the region now known as Banat (in R ...
(1235) and Keve Counties (1236–1238).
[Zsoldos 2011, p. 29.]
References
Sources
* Engel, Pál (2001). ''The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526''. I.B. Tauris Publishers. .
* Markó, László (2006). ''A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig – Életrajzi Lexikon'' ("The High Officers of the Hungarian State from Saint Stephen to the Present Days – A Biographical Encyclopedia") (2nd edition); Helikon Kiadó Kft., Budapest; .
* Zsoldos, Attila (2011). ''Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301'' ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest.
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ratot, Julius 01
12th-century births
1239 deaths
13th-century Hungarian nobility
Judges royal
Julius 01
Voivodes of Transylvania
Bans of Severin
Year of birth unknown