HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Juarez do Nascimento Fernandes Távora ( Jaguaribemirim, 14 January 1898 –
Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of Rio de Janeiro. It is the List of cities in Brazil by population, second-most-populous city in Brazil (after São Paulo) and the Largest cities in the America ...
, 18 July 1975) was a Brazilian general and politician active during the
Brazilian Revolution of 1930 The Revolution of 1930 () was an armed insurrection across Brazil that ended the First Brazilian Republic, Old Republic. The revolution replaced incumbent president Washington Luís with defeated presidential candidate and revolutionary leader ...
that put an end to the oligarchic
First Brazilian Republic The First Brazilian Republic, also referred to as the Old Republic (, ), officially the Republic of the United States of Brazil, was the Brazilian state in the period from 1889 to 1930. The Old Republic began with the coup d'état that deposed ...
by deposing the president
Washington Luís Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa (; 26 October 1869 – 4 August 1957) was a Brazilian politician who served as the 13th president of Brazil. Elected governor of São Paulo state in 1920 and president of Brazil in 1926, Washington Luís belonge ...
and preventing his elected successor
Júlio Prestes Júlio Prestes de Albuquerque (; 15 March 1882 – 9 February 1946) was a Brazilian poet, lawyer and politician. He was the last elected President of Brazil of the period known as the Old Republic, but never took office because the gover ...
from taking office. The revolutionaries handed power over to
Getúlio Vargas Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (; ; 19 April 1882 – 24 August 1954) was a Brazilian lawyer and politician who served as the 14th and 17th president of Brazil, from 1930 to 1945 and from 1951 until his suicide in 1954. Due to his long and contr ...
. Most active during the revolutionary cycle that swept
Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
from 1922 to 1930, he got to know the country's bowels and its problems by participating in the
Coluna Prestes The ''Coluna Prestes'', also known as ''Coluna Miguel Costa-Prestes'', in English Prestes Column, was a social rebel movement that broke out in Brazil between 1925 and 1927, with links to the Tenente revolts. The rebellion's ideology was diffuse, ...
. With this experience, he associated what he saw with the studies of
Alberto Torres Alberto Torres may refer to: * Alberto Torres (politician) (1865–1917), Brazilian politician and social thinker * Alberto Torres (athlete) (1934–1999), Dominican Republic sprinter * Alberto Torres (wrestler) (1934–1971), American profe ...
and
Euclides da Cunha Euclides da Cunha (, January 20, 1866 – August 15, 1909) was a Brazilian journalist, sociologist and engineer. His most important work is '' Os Sertões'' (''Rebellion in the Backlands''), a non-fictional account of the military expeditions ...
, of whom he was an admirer. Hence his deep interest in Brazilian problems and how the State and government should structure themselves to solve them. He came to be known as the ''Vice-rei do Norte'' (Viceroy of the North) during the 1930 Revolution, since he was commander of the troops that took over most of Brazil's northeastern states (at that time these states were referred simply as "the north").


Early life

Távora was the 15th son of Joaquim Antônio do Nascimento and Clara Fernandes Távora do Nascimento, owners of the ''Embargo'' farm where Távora was born. His name was suggested by his older brother, Manuel do Nascimento Fernandes Távora, that at the time of his birth studied medicine in Rio de Janeiro and was a great admirer of Mexican president
Benito Juárez Benito Pablo Juárez García (; 21 March 1806 – 18 July 1872) was a Mexican politician, military commander, and lawyer who served as the 26th president of Mexico from 1858 until his death in office in 1872. A Zapotec peoples, Zapotec, he w ...
. His family, according to biographers, was related to the nobility of Portugal. His maternal uncle, Belisário Távora, also stood out as head of the Federal District's police in the government of president
Hermes da Fonseca Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca (; 12 May 1855 – 9 September 1923) was a Brazilian field marshal and politician who served as the eighth president of Brazil between 1910 and 1914. He was a nephew of marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, the first president o ...
(1910-1914). He did his first studies with his mother and at the school of his sister Isabel, in the town of Estreito, from where he later transferred to the school of Professor Cosme Alves da Silva, his cousin, in the town of Caranguejo Novo. Returning to his family's farm in early 1908, he traveled a year later, with his brother Fernando, to Quixadá, where he studied at the boarding school of Instituto Chaves. In May 1911, he went with his brothers Ademar and Fernando to Rio de Janeiro, in order to attend secondary school, which would be paid for by his older brothers Ana Ajuricaba, Manuel and Joaquim. In Rio, they lived in a boarding house while attending the Pedro II School, where they studied until the beginning of 1912. On that occasion, Joaquim Távora, who was an Army officer, was transferred to
Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, ; ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative units of Brazil#List, fifth-most populous state and the List of Brazilian s ...
to teach Latin at the Military College of Porto Alegre. However, before heading south with Fernando and Juarez, Joaquim interned them for four months at the Asilo do Patrocínio, in
Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora (; ), also known as J.F., is a city in the southeastern Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, approximately from the state border with Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro. According to the 2022 census the current population is 54 ...
, so they could finish their secondary education.


Later years

In
Porto Alegre Porto Alegre (, ; , ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian Federative units of Brazil, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Its population of roughly 1.4 million inhabitants (2022) makes it the List of largest cities in Brazil, 11th-most p ...
, Fernando and Juarez attended, from 1912 to 1914, the Júlio de Castilhos School, an educational institution of the state government. In early 1914, with the extinction of the Latin chair at Military College of Porto Alegre, Joaquim returned to Rio de Janeiro with his two young brothers. In 1915, Juarez and Fernando entered the engineering course at the Polytechnic School of Rio de Janeiro, but were forced to interrupt it at the beginning of their second year, due to financial difficulties. They then decided to transfer to the Military School of Realengo, in the same city. As they attended the Polytechnic School, admission to that military institution was made, in accordance with the law in force at the time, without an admission exam. Thus, in May 1916, in order to obtain the necessary certificate of military training, the two brothers joined the 4th Company of Establishment, in Realengo. In 1917 both joined the Military School, leaving in December 1919 as
officer aspirant Officer candidate or officer aspirant (OA) is a rank in some militaries of the world that is an appointed position while a person is in training to become an Officer (armed forces), officer. More often than not, an officer candidate was a civilia ...
of
military engineering Military engineering is loosely defined as the art, science, and practice of designing and building military works and maintaining lines of military transport and military communications. Military engineers are also responsible for logistics b ...
. Promoted to second lieutenant in April of the following year, they started to serve in the 5th Engineering Battalion, in
Curitiba Curitiba () is the capital and largest city in the state of Paraná (state), Paraná in Southern Brazil. The city's population was 1,773,718 , making it the List of cities in Brazil by population, eighth most populous city in Brazil and the larg ...
, after doing an internship in the 1st Engineering Battalion in Vila Militar.''Verbete Biográfico Juarez do Nascimento Fernandes Tavora''


References


Notes


Citations


External links



{{DEFAULTSORT:Tavora, Juarez 1898 births 1975 deaths People from Ceará Brazilian generals Candidates for Vice President of Brazil