Juan José Landaeta (10 March 1780 – 16 October 1814) was a

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

n composer.

Life

Born in

Caracas Caracas ( , ), officially Santiago de León de Caracas (CCS), is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, and the center of the Metropolitan Region of Caracas (or Greater Caracas). Caracas is located along the Guaire River in the northern p ...

, his parents (Juan José Landaeta and Maria Candelaria Arévalo) were free

mulato ( , ) is a racial classification that refers to people of mixed African and European ancestry only. When speaking or writing about a singular woman in English, the word is (). The use of this term began in the United States shortly ...

s. He studied music at the school of

Padre Sojo Padre means father in many Romance languages, and it may also refer to: __NOTOC__ Arts and entertainment * "Padre" (song), by Gloria Lasso, 1956; covered by Toni Arden (1958) and Elvis Presley (1973) * ''Padre'' (film), a 2016 Italian drama * ''T ...

, with

Juan Manuel Olivares Juan Manuel Hermenegildo de la Luz Olivares (April 4, 1760 – March 1, 1797) was a Venezuelan composer from the Colonial era. Olivares was born in Caracas. As a child, he studied under Don Ambrosio Carreño. In 1784, he began teaching in C ...

. Later, he worked at various churches of Caracas as a violinist and music director. He was a participant in the

Venezuelan War of Independence The Venezuelan War of Independence (, 1810–1823) was one of the Spanish American wars of independence of the early nineteenth century, when independence movements in South America fought a civil war for secession and against unity of the S ...

.
In 1811 he founded the Concert Society ''Certamen de Música vocal e instrumental''.
After the demise of the First Republic, he was put in prison, from which he was freed by the conquest of

Simon Bolivar Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

's conquest of Caracas.
He joined the

1814 Caracas Exodus The 1814 Caracas Exodus () or Emigration to the East () occurred during the Venezuelan War of Independence, when Venezuelan Patriots and thousands of civilians fled from the capital Caracas towards the East of the country, after the defeat in the ...

, but fell into the hands of

José Tomás Boves José Tomás Boves (Oviedo, Asturias, September 18, 1782 – Pedro María Freites Municipality, Urica, Venezuela, December 5, 1814), was a royalist caudillo of the Llanos during the Venezuelan War of Independence, particularly remembered for ...

Cumaná Cumaná () is the capital city of Venezuela's Sucre State. It is located east of Caracas. Cumaná was one of the first cities founded by Spain in the mainland Americas and is the oldest continuously-inhabited Hispanic-established city in Sout ...

, who had him executed.

Legacy

He was a noted writer of religious and patriotic songs. In 1810 he wrote the melody of Gloria al bravo pueblo ("Glory to the brave people") to the lyrics by

Vicente Salias Vicente Salias (March 23, 1776 – September 17, 1814) was a Venezuelan medical doctor, journalist, and writer who wrote Venezuela's "Gloria al Bravo Pueblo" "Glory to the Brave People." national anthem. Born in Puerto Cabello, Carabobo on Marc ...

. In 1881, it was declared the Venezuelan national anthem by General

Antonio Guzmán Blanco Antonio Leocadio Guzmán Blanco (28 February 1829 – 28 July 1899) was a Venezuelan military leader, statesman, diplomat and politician. He was the president of Venezuela for , from 1870 until 1877, from 1879 until 1884, and from 1886 until 1 ...

. However, its authorship is disputed, others claim it was composed by

Lino Gallardo Lino Gallardo (1773–1837) was a Venezuelan composer, conductor, and string player, and was among the musicians who participated in and contributed to the Wars of Independence Wars of national liberation, also called wars of independence or ...

. Today, the Venezuelan National Conservatory of Music is named for him.

Works

* ''Tantum ergo'' (1798), composed with his son

Francisco José Velásquez Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''. Meaning of the name Francisco In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Commu ...

* ''Benedictus'' (1799) * ''Salve regina'' (1800) * ''Benedictus y pésame a la Virgen'' * ''Gloria al Bravo Pueblo'' (1810)

References

1780 births 1814 deaths Venezuelan composers Viceroyalty of New Granada people {{Venezuela-composer-stub