Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Aguilar (; also known as Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Hurtado de la Sal) (24 November 1583 – 11 January 1641) was a Spanish

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator (thought, thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral t ...

, scholar and painter in the Siglo de Oro.

Early life

Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Hurtado de la Sal was born and baptized in

Seville Seville ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Spain, Spanish autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the Guadalquivir, River Guadalquivir, ...

Andalusia Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomou ...

. His parents were Miguel Martínez de Jáuregui, a '' hidalgo''—which is an untitled Spanish nobleman—from

La Rioja La Rioja () is an autonomous communities in Spain, autonomous community and provinces of Spain, province in Spain, in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. Its capital is Logroño. Other List of municipalities in La Rioja, cities and towns in the ...

, and Doña Isabel de la Sal from

. He was the fifth of their ten children; the oldest became later commissioner (''regidor'') of Seville. The poet changed his second name ( the one coming from his mother) to "Aguilar", coming from one of his grandmothers.see Juan de Jáuregui About his youth very little is known. In his discourse ''Arte de la pintura'' (''The Art of Painting'') some references to various travels to

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

can be found and it is known that he stayed in

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

, probably to study painting.

Career

He returned to

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

shortly before 1610 with a reputation as both a painter and a poet. In the preface to the ''Novelas exemplares'',

Miguel de Cervantes Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra ( ; ; 29 September 1547 (assumed) – 22 April 1616 Old Style and New Style dates, NS) was a Spanish writer widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's pre-eminent novelist ...

says that Jáuregui painted his picture, and in the second part of ''

Don Quixote , the full title being ''The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha'', is a Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes. Originally published in two parts in 1605 and 1615, the novel is considered a founding work of Western literature and is of ...

'', praises Jáuregui's translation of Tasso's '' Aminta'', published at Rome in 1607. The picture by Jáuregui is lost; there is no evidence supporting any surviving painting being that of Jáuregui.Lafuente Ferrari, Enrique. ''La novela ejemplar de los retratos de Cervantes.'' Madrid, Dossat, 1948. Jáuregui's ''Rimas'' (1618), a collection of graceful lyrics, where he integrated also some translations of

Horace Quintus Horatius Flaccus (; 8 December 65 BC – 27 November 8 BC), Suetonius, Life of Horace commonly known in the English-speaking world as Horace (), was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). Th ...

Martial Marcus Valerius Martialis (known in English as Martial ; March, between 38 and 41 AD – between 102 and 104 AD) was a Roman and Celtiberian poet born in Bilbilis, Hispania (modern Spain) best known for his twelve books of '' Epigrams'', pu ...

and

Ausonius Decimius Magnus Ausonius (; ) was a Latin literature, Roman poet and Education in ancient Rome, teacher of classical rhetoric, rhetoric from Burdigala, Gallia Aquitania, Aquitaine (now Bordeaux, France). For a time, he was tutor to the future E ...

, is preceded by a controversial preface which attracted much attention on account of its outspoken declaration against the '' culteranismo'' of Luis de Góngora. Another Spanish poet,

Francisco de Quevedo Francisco Gómez de Quevedo y Santibáñez Villegas, Order of Santiago, Knight of the Order of Santiago (; 14 September 1580 – 8 September 1645) was a Spanish nobleman, politician and writer of the Baroque era. Along with his lifelong rival, ...

, mentioned Jáuregui in "La perinola" with scorn. Through the influence of Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares, he was appointed groom of the chamber to Philip IV, and gave an elaborate exposition of his artistic doctrines in the ''Discurso poético contra el hablar culto y oscuro'' (1624), a skillful attack on the new theories, which procured for its author membership in the honorary

Order of Calatrava The Order of Calatrava (, ) was one of the Spanish military orders, four Spanish military orders and the first Military order (society), military order founded in Kingdom of Castile, Castile, but the second to receive papal approval. The papal bu ...

. It is plain, however, that the shock of controversy had shaken Jáuregui's convictions, and his poem ''Orfeo'' (1624) is visibly influenced by Góngora.

Death

Jáuregui died at Madrid on 11 January 1641, leaving behind him a translation of the ''

Pharsalia ''De Bello Civili'' (; ''On the Civil War''), more commonly referred to as the ''Pharsalia'' (, neuter plural), is a Latin literature, Roman Epic poetry, epic poem written by the poet Lucan, detailing the Caesar's civil war, civil war between Ju ...

'' which was not published until 1684. This rendering reveals Jáuregui as a complete convert to the new school, and it has been argued that, exaggerating the affinities between Lucan and Góngora—both of Cordoban descent — he deliberately translated the thought of the earlier poet into the vocabulary of the later master. This is possible; but it is at least as likely that Jáuregui unconsciously yielded to the current of popular taste, with no other intention than that of conciliating the public of his own day.

Bibliography

*''Rimas'' (1618) — A collection of lyrics. *''Discurso poético contra el hablar culto y oscuro'' (1624) *''Antídoto contra la pestilente poesía de las Soledades'' (1624) *''Apología de la verdad'' (1625) *''Orfeo'' (1624) *''Pharsalia'' (1684)

Notes

References

External links

The Exemplary Novels
of ''Cervantes'' with a reference to ''Jáuregui'' in the author's preface. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Jauregui y Aguilar, Juan Martinez de 1583 births 1641 deaths Spanish scholars Painters from Seville 17th-century Spanish painters Spanish male painters Spanish male poets 17th-century Spanish poets