Juan Cárdenas (b. at

Seville Seville ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Spain, Spanish autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the Guadalquivir, River Guadalquivir, ...

, 1613; d. 6 June 1684) was a Spanish Jesuit moral theologian and author. He entered the

Society of Jesus The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 ...

at the age of fourteen, and during many years held in it the office of rector, master of novices, and provincial.

Works

Cárdenas is chiefly remembered for his contributions to moral theology, which won praise from Alphonsus Ligouri. His controversial two-part "Crisis theologica bipartita, sive Desputationes selectæ" (Lyons, 1670), with an added supplement in the 1680 edition, argued against Laxism and

Rigorism In Catholic moral theology, probabilism provides a way of answering the question about what to do when one does not know what to do. Probabilism proposes that one can follow an authoritative opinion regarding whether an act may be performed mor ...

in favor of

Probabilism In theology and philosophy, probabilism (from Latin ''probare'', to test, approve) is an ancient Greek doctrine of academic skepticism. It holds that in the absence of certainty, plausibility or truth-likeness is the best criterion. The term can ...

. The Venetian editions of 1694, 1700, and 1710 combined the three previous parts with an explanation of the propositions condemned by the pope in 1679; this last has often been published separately under the title: ''Crisis theologica in qua plures selectæ difficultates ex morali theologia ad lydium veritatis lapidem revocantur ex regula morem positâ a SS. D.N. Innocentis XI P.M.'', etc. Cárdenas also composed several small ascetical treatises, including: *"Seven Meditations on Jesus Crucified" (originally published at Seville, 1678) *"Geminum sidus Mariani diadematis" (Lyons, 1673) He additionally wrote two pious biographies: *"Historia de la Vida y Virtudes de la Venerable Virgen Damiana de las Llangas" (Seville, 1675) *"Breve relación de la Muerte, Vida, y Virtudes del Venerabile Cavallero D. Miguel Manara Vincentelo de Leca" (Seville, 1679)

References

;Attribution * The entry cites: **

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: ''Bibliotheca Hispana nova.'' Madrid, 1783, I, 671; **Ribadeneira-Sotwell: ''Bibliotheca Scriptorum S.J.'' Rome, 1676; **

Augustin de Backer Augustin de Backer (18 July 1809 in Antwerp, Belgium – 1 December 1873 in Liège, Belgium) was a Belgian Jesuit and renowned bibliographer. Early years and Formation De Backer left his country to be educated at the Jesuit schools of Franc ...

and

Carlos Sommervogel Carlos Sommervogel (8 January 1834 – 4 March 1902) was a French Jesuit scholar. He was author of the monumental ''Bibliothèque de la Compagnie de Jésus'', which served as one of the major references for the editors of the Catholic Encyclo ...

: ''Bibliothèque de la c de J.'' Brussels, Paris, 1891, II, col. 734-37; **De Backer: ''Bibliographie des éscrevains de la c. de J.'' Liège, 1869, I, col. 1078; **

Hugo von Hurter The von Hurter family belonged to the Swiss nobility; in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries three of them were known for their conversions to Roman Catholicism, their ecclesiastical careers in Austria and their theological writings. Friedric ...

: ''Nomenclator.'' Innsbruck, 1876, II, p. 1, 231; **

Ignaz von Döllinger Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger (; 28 February 179914 January 1890), also Doellinger in English, was a German theologian, Catholic priest and church historian who rejected the dogma of papal infallibility. Among his writings which proved c ...

Franz Heinrich Reusch Franz Heinrich Reusch (4 December 1825 – 3 March 1900) was a German Old Catholic theologian who was excommunicated for his refusal to adopt certain church dogma. He was born at Brilon, in Westphalia, studied general literature at Paderbor ...

: ''Geschichte der Moralstreitigkeiten in der Römisch-katholischen Kirche.'' Nördlingen, 1889, I, 39, 41, 46. {{DEFAULTSORT:Cardenas, Juan 1613 births 1684 deaths 17th-century Spanish Jesuits 17th-century Spanish Roman Catholic theologians