Friar Juan Bautista Maíno, or Mayno (October 1581, Pastrana – 1 April 1649,

Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...

) was a Spanish

Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...

painter.

Biography

His father was a merchant who sold Milanese fabrics and his mother was a Portuguese noblewoman. Both were at the service of Ana de Mendoza, Princess of Eboli, who was also the Duchess of Pastrana. Some historians believe that he trained with

El Greco Doménikos Theotokópoulos (, ; 1 October 1541 7 April 1614), most widely known as El Greco (; "The Greek"), was a Greek painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance, regarded as one of the greatest artists of all time. ...

, but no documentary evidence has been found. It is known for certain that he spent the years 1600 to 1608 in Italy, where he became familiar with, and was influenced by, the works of

Caravaggio Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (also Michele Angelo Merigi or Amerighi da Caravaggio; 29 September 1571 – 18 July 1610), known mononymously as Caravaggio, was an Italian painter active in Rome for most of his artistic life. During the fina ...

and his students

Orazio Gentileschi Orazio Lomi Gentileschi (; 1563 – 7 February 1639) was an Italian painter. Born in Tuscany, he began his career in Rome, painting in a Mannerist style, much of his work consisting of painting the figures within the decorative schemes of other ...

Guido Reni Guido Reni (; 4 November 1575 – 18 August 1642) was an Italian Baroque painter, although his works showed a classical manner, similar to Simon Vouet, Nicolas Poussin, and Philippe de Champaigne. He painted primarily religious works, but al ...

and

Annibale Carracci Annibale Carracci ( , , ; November 3, 1560 – July 15, 1609) was an Italian painter and instructor, active in Bologna and later in Rome. Along with his brother Agostino Carracci, Agostino and cousin Ludovico Carracci, Ludovico (with whom the Ca ...

. When he returned to Pastrana, he revealed those influences in a "

Trinity The Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the Christian doctrine concerning the nature of God, which defines one God existing in three, , consubstantial divine persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ) and God the Holy Spirit, thr ...

", painted for the side altar at the . In March 1611, he moved to

Toledo Toledo most commonly refers to: * Toledo, Spain, a city in Spain * Province of Toledo, Spain * Toledo, Ohio, a city in the United States Toledo may also refer to: Places Belize * Toledo District * Toledo Settlement Bolivia * Toledo, Or ...

and, the following year, painted an "Altarpiece of the Four Days of Easter" for the

Dominicans Dominicans () also known as Quisqueyans () are an ethnic group, ethno-nationality, national people, a people of shared ancestry and culture, who have ancestral roots in the Dominican Republic. The Dominican ethnic group was born out of a fusio ...

, which is now at the

Museo del Prado The Museo del Prado ( ; ), officially known as Museo Nacional del Prado, is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It houses collections of Art of Europe, European art, dating from the 12th century to the early 20th ce ...

. It is, perhaps, his best known work. Also notable are canvases depicting the "

Adoration of the Magi The Adoration of the Magi or Adoration of the Kings or Visitation of the Wise Men is the name traditionally given to the subject in the Nativity of Jesus in art in which the three Magi, represented as kings, especially in the West, having fo ...

" and the " Adoration of the Shepherds". In June 1613, he entered the Dominican Order and took up residence at the Monastery of San Pedro Mártir. This reduced his artistic activity, although he created other versions of the "Adoration of the Shepherds", one of which is at the Hermitage in Saint Petersburg. Another may be seen at the Meadows Museum in

Dallas Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the List of Texas metropolitan areas, most populous metropolitan area in Texas and the Metropolitan statistical area, fourth-most ...

. King Philip III called him to his Court in 1620, to teach drawing to his son, the future King Philip IV. At that time, Maíno became a sponsor of the young

Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptised 6 June 15996 August 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the Noble court, court of King Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He i ...

; choosing him, in a contest, to paint an "Expulsion of the Moors", which helped establish him at court. That painting did not survive the disastrous fire at the

Royal Alcázar of Madrid The Royal Alcázar of Madrid (Spanish: ''Real Alcázar de Madrid'') was a fortress located at the site of today's Royal Palace of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. The structure was originally built in the second half of the ninth century by the Muslims, ...

in 1734. He died at the Colegio y convento de Santo Tomás in Madrid. Friar

Juan Rizi Friar Juan Andrés Ricci de Guevara, known as Friar Juan Rizi (1600, Madrid - 29 November 1681, Monte Cassino) was a Spanish Benedictine monk, painter, and architect, in the Baroque style. He also wrote works on theology and geometry and may hav ...

may have been one of his students there.

Selected works

* ''Conversión de San Pablo'' (''Conversion of Saint Paul'') (c. 1614, MNAC, Barcelona) * ''Retablo de San Pedro Mártir de Toledo'' (1612–14,

) * ''Retablo de la Anunciación'' (Museo del Prado) * ''Resurrección de Cristo'' (

Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister The (, ''Old Masters Gallery'') in Dresden, Germany, displays around 750 paintings from the 15th to the 18th centuries. It includes major Italian Renaissance painting, Italian Renaissance works as well as Dutch Golden Age painting, Dutch and F ...

, Dresden) * ''Pentecostés'' (''Pentecost'') (1615–20, Museo del Prado) * ''Retrato de caballero'' (''Portrait of a Knight'') (1618–23, Museo del Prado) * ''San Jacinto'' (''Saint Hyacinth'') (1620–24, San Pedro Mártir, Toledo) * ''Retrato de Felipe IV'' (''Portrait of Philip IV'') (1623–25,

Bayerisches Nationalmuseum The Bavarian National Museum () in Munich is one of the most important museums of decorative arts in Europe and List of largest art museums, one of the largest art museums in Germany. Since the beginning the collection has been divided into two ...

, Munich), miniature. * ''Retrato de caballero'' (''Portrait of a Knight'') (1625, Bayerisches Nationalmuseum, Munich), miniature. * ''San Agabo'' (The

Bowes Museum The Bowes Museum is an art museum, art gallery in the town of Barnard Castle, in County Durham in northern England. It was built to designs by Jules Pellechet and John Edward Watson to house the art collection of John Bowes (art collector), Jo ...

, County Durham) * ''Adoración de los pastores'' (''Adoration of the Shepherds'') (

Hermitage Museum The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and holds the large ...

, Saint Petersburg) * ''Adoración de los pastores'' (''Adoration of the Shepherds'') (Meadows Museum, Dallas) * ''Retrato del arzobispo José de Melo'' (''Portrait of Archbishop José de Melo'') (Cabildo Catedralicio, Evora Cathedral) * ''Santo Domingo en Soriano'' (''Saint Dominic in Soriano'') (1629, Museo del Prado) * ''Santo Domingo en Soriano'' (''Saint Dominic in Soriano'') (1629, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg) * ''Retablo de los Miranda'' (c. 1629, Colegiata, Pastrana) * ''Recuperación de Bahía de Todos los Santos en Brasil'' (''Recapture of Bahía (de Todos os Santos) in Brazil'') (1634–35, Museo del Prado) * ''Retrato de un monje dominico'' (''Portrait of a Dominican Monk'') (1635–40,

Ashmolean Museum The Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology () on Beaumont Street in Oxford, England, is Britain's first public museum. Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house the cabinet of curiosities that Elias Ashmole gave to the University ...

, Oxford) * ''Fray Alonso de Santo Tomás'' (1648–49, Museo Nacional d'Art de Catalunya, Barcelona)

References

External links

Juan Bautista Maino
@ Dominicos.org
Biography of Maíno
@ the Museo del Prado Encyclopedia

@ Artcyclopedia {{DEFAULTSORT:Mayno, Juan Bautista 1581 births 1649 deaths People from Guadalajara, Spain 16th-century Spanish painters Spanish male painters 17th-century Spanish painters Spanish Baroque painters Catholic painters Baroque painters

Biography

Selected works

References

Further reading

External links