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Joypur (also spelled Jaypur, Jaipur) is a
community development block In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several techni ...
(CD block) that forms an administrative division in the
Bishnupur subdivision Bishnupur subdivision is a subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India. Subdivisions Bankura district is divided into the following administrative subdivisions: Bishnupur subdivision has a density of population of 5 ...
of the
Bankura district Bankura district (Pron: bãkuɽa) is an administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is part of Medinipur division—one of the five administrative divisions of West Bengal. Bankura district is surrounded by Purba Bardhaman dis ...
in the
India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...
n
state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * '' Our ...
of
West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the four ...
.


History


From Bishnupur kingdom to the British Raj

From around the 7th century AD till around the advent of British rule, for around a millennium, history of Bankura district is identical with the rise and fall of the Hindu Rajas of Bishnupur. The Bishnupur Rajas, who were at the summit of their fortunes towards the end of the 17th century, started declining in the first half of the 18th century. First, the Maharaja of Burdwan seized the Fatehpur Mahal, and then the
Maratha The Marathi people (Marathi: मराठी लोक) or Marathis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are indigenous to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language. Maharashtra was formed as a ...
invasions laid waste their country. Bishnupur was ceded to the British with the rest of Burdwan chakla in 1760. In 1787, Bishnupur was united with
Birbhum Birbhum district () is an administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the northernmost district of Burdwan division—one of the five administrative divisions of West Bengal. The district headquarters is in Suri. Other impor ...
to form a separate administrative unit. In 1793 it was transferred to the Burdwan collectorate. In 1879, the district acquired its present shape with the thanas of Khatra and Raipur and the outpost of Simplapal being transferred from Manbhum, and the thanas of Sonamukhi, Kotulpur and Indas being retransferred from Burdwan. However, it was known for sometime as West Burdwan and in 1881 came to be known as Bankura district.


Geography

Joypur is located at . Joypur CD block is located in the eastern part of the district and belongs to the fertile low lying
alluvial Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Al ...
plains, similar to the predominating rice lands in the adjacent districts of West Bengal. Here, the eye constantly rests on wide expanses of rice fields, green in the rains but parched and dry in summer.O’Malley, L.S.S., ICS, ''Bankura'', Bengal District Gazetteers, pp. 1-20, first published 1908, 1995 reprint, Government of West Bengal Joypur CD block is bounded by
Patrasayer Patrasayer (also spelled Patrasayar, Patrasair) is a village in the Patrasayer CD block in the Bishnupur subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India. Geography Location Patrasayer is located at . Area overview T ...
CD block on the north,
Indas Indas (also spelled Indus) is a village, with a police station, in the Indas CD block in the Bishnupur subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India. Geography Location Indas is located at . Area overview The map al ...
and
Kotulpur Kotulpur is a village in the Kotulpur CD block in the Bishnupur subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India. Etymology Kotlu Khan of Gar Mandaran, then capital of the local kingdom, was killed in a war, in the Mug ...
CD blocks on the east,
Garhbeta I Garhbeta I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Medinipur Sadar subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography In Garhbeta I CD block 85% of the cultivated area has al ...
CD block in Paschim Medinipur district, on the south and Bishnupur CD block on the west. Joypur CD block has an area of 263.82 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 9
gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bo ...
s, 116 gram sansads (village councils), 139
mouza In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...
s and 137 inhabited villages. Jaypur police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block is at Joypur. In Bankura district 148,177 hectares or 21.5% of total geographical area of the district is forested. The forests contain the best quality sal (Shorea robusta) trees. Large forest areas exist in Sonamukhi, Joypur, Bishnupur, Khatra and Ranibandh areas.
Gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bo ...
s of Joypur block/ panchayat samiti are: Gelia, Hetia, Jagannathpur, Kuchiakole, Maynapur, Routhkhanda, Salda, Shyamnagar and Uttarbar.


Demographics


Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, Joypur CD block had a total population of 156,920, all of which were rural. There were 80,138 (51%) males and 76,782 (49%) females. Population in the age range of 0 to 6 years was 17,516.
Scheduled Castes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 61,005 (38.88%) and
Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 3,210 (2.05%). According to the 2001 census, Joypur block had a total population of 141,483, out of which 72,339 were males and 69,144 were females. Joypur block registered a population growth of 15.89 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 15.15 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent. Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Joypur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Salda (4,851), Kuchiakol (4,246), Maynapur (5,256) and Dakshinbar (4,031). Other villages in Joypur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Jaypur (3,136), Gelia (1,655), Hetia (2,757), Rauthkhanda (3,697), Shyamnagar (1,134) and
Gokulnagar Gokulnagar is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.gender disparity Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by the ...
(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 17.30%. See also –
List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate This is a list of districts in the Indian state of West Bengal ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census. With a literacy rate of 96.26% (male 90.69% and female 96.54%), above the national average of 90.04%, as per the 2011 Ce ...


Language and religion

According to the ''District Census Handbook 2011, Bankura'', as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 89.9% of the population, followed by Santali (8.1%), Kurmali Thar (1.1%), Hindi (0.5%) and Telugu (0.1%). According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws. The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018. However, as of 2019, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 132,747 and formed 84.60% of the population in Jaipur CD block. Muslims numbered 23,431 and formed 14.93% of the population. Christians numbered 29 and formed 0.02% of the population. Others numbered 713 and formed 0.45% of the population. Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria, and other religious communities.


Rural poverty

In Joypur CD Block 34.37% families were living
below poverty line Below Poverty Line is a benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from s ...
in 2007. According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 28.87% of the total number of families were BPL families in the Bankura district.


Economy


Livelihood

In the Joypur CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 16,314 and formed 25.45%, agricultural labourers numbered 28,805 and formed 44.93%, household industry workers numbered 3,723 and formed 5.81% and other workers numbered 15,272 and formed 23.82%. Total workers numbered 64,114 and formed 40.86% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 92,806 and formed 59.14% of the population. Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.


Infrastructure

There are 137 inhabited villages in the Joypur CD block, as per the ''District Census Handbook'', Bankura, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 100% villages have drinking water supply. 25 villages (18.25%) have post offices. 114 villages (83.21%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 48 villages (35.04%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 77 villages (56.20%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 16 villages (11.68%) have agricultural credit societies and 7 villages (5.11%) have banks.


Agriculture

There were 123 fertiliser depots, 13 seed stores and 40 fair price shops in Joypur CD block. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Joypur CD block could be classified as follows: bargadars 19.10%, patta (document) holders 14.41%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 4.88%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 15.43% and agricultural labourers 46.17%. In 2003-04 net area sown Joypur CD block was 14,039 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 9,650 hectares. In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Joypur CD block was 19,907 hectares, out of which 14,474 hectares was by canal water, 2,021 hectares by tank water, 560 hectares by river lift irrigation, 524 hectares by deep tube well, 2,178 hectares by shallow tubewell and 150 hectares by open dug wells. In 2013–14, Joypur CD block produced 29,897 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 10,990 hectares, 7,016 tonnes of Aus paddy from 2,699 hectares, 14,751 tonnes of Boro paddy from 5,569 hectares, 1,046 tonnes of wheat from 450 hectares and 21,585,000 tonnes of potatoes from 2,384 hectares. It also produced pulses and mustard.


Handloom and pottery industries

The handloom industry engages the largest number of persons in the non farm sector and hence is important in Bankura district. The handloom industry is well established in all the CD Blocks of the district and includes the famous Baluchari saris. In 2004-05 Joypur CD block had 575 looms in operation. Bankura district is famous for the artistic excellence of its pottery products that include the famous Bankura horse. The range of pottery products is categorised as follows: domestic utilities, terracota and other decorative items and roofing tiles and other heavy pottery items. Around 3,200 families were involved in pottery making in the district in 2002. 160 families were involved in Joypur CD block.


Banking

In 2013–14, Joypur CD block had offices of 5 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.


Backward Regions Grant Fund

The Bankura district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the
Backward Regions Grant Fund Backward or Backwards is a relative direction. Backwards or Sdrawkcab (the word "backwards" with its letters reversed) may also refer to: * "Backwards" (''Red Dwarf''), episode of sci-fi TV sitcom ''Red Dwarf'' ** ''Backwards'' (novel), a nov ...
. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.


Transport

In 2013–14, Joypur CD block had 2 ferry services and 6 originating/ terminating bus routes.
State Highway 2 (West Bengal) State Highway 2 (SH 2) is a state highway in West Bengal, India. Route SH 2 originates from its junction with NH 14 at Bankura and passes through Indpur, Hatimrampur, Khatra, Simlapal, Taldangra, Bishnupur, Jaypur, Kotulpur, Arambag, Champa ...
running from Bankura to Malancha (in North 24 Parganas district) passes through this CD block.


Education

In 2013–14, Joypur CD block had 161 primary schools with 12,226 students, 18 middle schools with 2,705 students, 9 high schools with 4,158 students and 13 higher secondary schools with 12,059 students. Joypur CD block had 1 general college with 1,112 students and 260 institutions for special and non-formal education with 8,119 students. See also –
Education in India Education in India is primarily managed by state-run public education system, which fall under the command of the government at three levels: central, state and local. Under various articles of the Indian Constitution and the Right of Ch ...
According to the 2011 census, in the Joypur CD block, among the 137 inhabited villages, 10 villages did not have a school, 54 villages had two or more primary schools, 43 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 24 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school. Joypur B.Ed. College at Jaypur,


Culture

There are several heritage temples in the Joypur CD block: File:Gokulchand Temple Gokulnagar Bankura.jpg,
Gokulnagar Gokulnagar is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.Gokulchand Temple -
Monument of National Importance This article contains lists of Monuments of National Importance in India. An Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 defines an "Ancient Monument" as follows: A "Monument of National Importance" is designated by the Archaeological Survey o ...
''
Pancha ratna Pancha may refer to: * Pancha (garment), an item of male clothing worn in South Asia *A clan of the Bharwad people of India * Pancha Carrasco (1826–1890), Costa Rica's first woman in the military *Pancha Merino María Francisca Rosa Merino Gar ...
'',
laterite Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by ...
built in the 17th century, with
stucco Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and a ...
figures. File:Hakanda temple of Moynapur in Bankura district 03.jpg, Maynapur, Hakanda temple, plain,
laterite Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by ...
built in 18th century. File:Shyamchand temple at Boital in Bankura district 05.jpg, Baital: ''Pancha ratna'' Shyama Chandi temple, plain laterite structure built in 1660. File:Navaratna temple of De para in Joypur in Bishnupur subdivision of Bankura district (89).jpg, Joypur: De para ''nava ratna'' temple (in picture), Dutta para ''nava ratna'' temple and ''deul'' and ''atchala'' temples, all with rich terracotta decoration.


Healthcare

In 2014, Joypur CD block had 1 block primary health centre and 4 primary health centres with total 52 beds and 5 doctors. It had 25 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 2,636 patients were treated indoor and 10,043 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block. Joypur Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds at Joypur, is the major government medical facility in the Joypur CD block. There are primary health centres at Hijaldiha (with 10 beds), Uttarbar (Magura) (with 10 beds), Hetia (panchayat management) (with 6 beds) and Jagannathpur (with 10 beds).


References

{{Bankura topics Community development blocks in Bankura district