José Damián Villacorta Cañas (1796,

Zacatecoluca Zacatecoluca () is the capital municipality of the La Paz Department of El Salvador. Located in Southern El Salvador, in the Rio Lempa valley, at the foot of San Vicente (Chinchotepec) Volcano. A commercial center for the surrounding agricultu ...

El Salvador El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador, is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is S ...

– June 11, 1860, Nueva San Salvador) was a Salvadoran lawyer and politician. He was chief of state of El Salvador from February 16, 1830, to December 4, 1830, while it was a state within the

Federal Republic of Central America The Federal Republic of Central America (), initially known as the United Provinces of Central America (), was a sovereign state in Central America that existed between 1823 and 1839/1841. The republic was composed of five states (Costa Rica ...

. His parents were Esteban Gabriel de Villacorta and María Ignacia de Cañas. He married Francisca de la Cotera. He obtained the degree of licenciado in civil law from the Universidad de San Carlos in

Guatemala Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala, is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico, to the northeast by Belize, to the east by Honduras, and to the southeast by El Salvador. It is hydrologically b ...

. He was also a well-known canon lawyer. He is considered one of the most illustrious figures in Salvadoran history. He took part in the movement for independence from Spain, and was a deputy to the constituent congress of the State of El Salvador in 1824. He worked hard on the draft of the constitution, and for that is called the "Father of Salvadoran Institutions". He was secretary of the constituent congress, which on June 12, 1824, declared the first constitution of the Salvadoran state. Later Villacorta was named prosecutor before the state Supreme Court, councilor of state and vice-chief of state of El Salvador. He served as chief executive of the state for a few months in 1830, both succeeding and preceding

José María Cornejo José María Cornejo Merino (10 November 1788 – 24 November 1864) was a Salvadoran politician. Two times he served as chief of state of El Salvador (1829–30 and 1830–32). Early life Cornejo was born in 1788 to José María Cornejo and Ja ...

. During his administration a legislative decree was issued abolishing the religious orders within the State of El Salvador (March 1830). Although the members of the orders were allowed to continue living in the monasteries and convents, the buildings were declared property of the state. On December 4, 1830, he returned the executive authority to José María Cornejo. For his opposition to what he saw as the interference of General

Francisco Morazán José Francisco Morazán Quesada (; born October 3, 1792 – September 15, 1842) was a liberal Central American politician and general who served as president of the Federal Republic of Central America from 1830 to 1839. Before he was president ...

in the internal affairs of El Salvador, he was arrested. Together with other Salvadoran authorities, he was taken in fetters to Guatemala in 1832. In 1835 he was a deputy and interim president of the Legislature in Guatemala. In 1840 he refused the position of president of the Republic. He returned to El Salvador three years later. For some time he served as law professor at the

National University A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. In the United States, the term "national university" connotes the highe ...

. Later he was elected vice-rector of the University and served as acting rector. He was president of the Court of Justice in 1851 and 1858, and one of the founders of the city of Nueva San Salvador, after the disastrous earthquake of 1854 devastated the old city. In accordance with law, Villacorta established the Supreme Court in the new city in December 1856. He died June 11, 1860, in New San Salvador.

External links

Short biography from the Salvadoran government web site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Villacorta, Jose Damian 1796 births 1860 deaths Presidents of El Salvador 19th-century Salvadoran lawyers People from La Paz Department (El Salvador) Salvadoran people of Spanish descent Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala alumni Academic staff of University of El Salvador People from New Spain Presidents of the Supreme Court of Justice of El Salvador