José Antônio Pimenta Bueno, Marquis of São Vicente, (4 December 1803 – 19 February 1878) was a Brazilian magistrate, diplomat and politician. He served as

Prime Minister of Brazil A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...

from 1870 to 1871.

Public life

He entered public service in the province of São Paulo at the age of twenty-one. After graduating from the Juridical Academy of São Paulo, he was appointed to the magistracy of the province. He was the judge of the court of appeals of

Maranhão Maranhão () is a States of Brazil, state in Brazil. Located in the country's Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of and it is divided into 217 municipalities. Clockwise from north, it ...

in 1844 and of the main court in August 1847, before being appointed to the Supreme Court of Justice. In 1833 he was elected councilor for the province of São Paulo and, two years later, appointed governor of

Mato Grosso Mato Grosso ( – ) is one of the states of Brazil, the List of Brazilian states by area, third largest by area, located in the Central-West Region, Brazil, Central-West region. The state has 1.66% of the Brazilian population and is responsible ...

. In October 1843 he was appointed chargé d'affaires in

Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...

; he arrived in

Asunción Asunción (, ) is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay. The city stands on the eastern bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the Pilcomayo River. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the north ...

on August 18, 1844, and presented his credentials to President

Carlos Antonio López Carlos Antonio López Ynsfrán (November 4, 1792 – September 10, 1862) was leader of Paraguay from 1841 to 1862. Under his presidency, he undertook a process of economic and political modernization for Paraguay, and ended the isolationist poli ...

on August 19 of the same year. Later he would become an advisor to the Secretariat for Foreign Affairs and a plenipotentiary for the negotiation of agreements with

Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...

and the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

. On 29 January 1848 he became

Minister of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and foreign relations, relations, diplomacy, bilateralism, ...

, also holding the

Justice In its broadest sense, justice is the idea that individuals should be treated fairly. According to the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', the most plausible candidate for a core definition comes from the ''Institutes (Justinian), Inst ...

portfolio, which he headed until May 30. On March 8, he left Foreign Affairs. By 1849, Pimenta Bueno left the

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...

and joined the Conservative Party. He was nevertheless a strong supporter of the abolition of slavery, drafting five parliamentary bills on the matter. In 1850, he was named governor of the

Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, ; ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative units of Brazil#List, fifth-most populous state and the List of Brazilian s ...

. Three years later, he was appointed

senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...

of the Empire by Emperor Pedro II. He became a Councilor of State in 1859 and was made Viscount of São Vicente in 1867, then Marquis in 1872. On 29 September 1870 became President of the Council (Prime Minister), a post which he held until 7 March 1871. He also held the Foreign Ministry for a second time.

Personal life

He was abandoned as a baby at the door of the surgeon-major José Antônio Pimenta Bueno and his wife Mariana Benedita de Faria e Albuquerque, who adopted him. His natural parents are unknown. He was married to Balbina Henriqueta de Faria e Albuquerque.

Works

*''Teses para a oposição à Cadeira de Substituto'' (1843) *''Apontamentos sobre as formalidades do Processo Civil'' (1850) *''Apontamentos sobre o processo Criminal Brasileiro'' (1857) *''Direito Público Brasileiro e Análise da Constituição do Império'' (1857) *''Direito internacional privado e aplicação de seus princípios com referência às Leis Particulares do Brasil'' (1863) *''Considerações relativas ao beneplácito e recurso à Coroa em matéria de culto'' (1873)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bueno, José Antônio Pimenta Governors of Rio Grande do Sul Ministers of foreign affairs of Brazil Ministers of justice of Brazil Prime ministers of Brazil Brazilian nobility Conservative Party (Brazil) politicians Liberal Party (Brazil) politicians Members of the Senate of the Empire of Brazil 1803 births 1878 deaths brazilian monarchists People from São Paulo Supreme Federal Court of Brazil justices Governors of Mato Grosso Brazilian diplomats