Joseph Médard Carrière (1902–1970), was an award-winning

Franco-Ontarian Franco-Ontarians ( or if female, sometimes known as ''Ontarois'' and ''Ontaroises'') are Francophone Canadians that reside in the province of Ontario. Most are French Canadians from Ontario. In 2021, according to the Government of Ontario, ther ...

French-language French ( or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. Like all other Romance languages, it descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. French evolved from Northern Old Gallo-Romance, a descendant of the Latin spoken in ...

scholar. He was most noted as a collector of French folklore from the Midwest of the United States. He also served as a President of the American Folklore Society.

Early years and education

Carrière was born in Curran, Ontario in 1902. He attended

Laval University Laval means ''The Valley'' in old French and is the name of: People * House of Laval, a French noble family originating from the town of Laval, Mayenne * Laval (surname) Places Belgium * Laval, a village in the municipality of Sainte-Ode, Luxe ...

Marquette University Marquette University () is a Private university, private Jesuit research university in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It was established as Marquette College on August 28, 1881, by John Henni, the first Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Ar ...

, the Sorbonne, Paris, He graduated with a MA (1926) and Ph.D. (1932) from

Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...

Academic career

Carrière taught at

Northwestern University Northwestern University (NU) is a Private university, private research university in Evanston, Illinois, United States. Established in 1851 to serve the historic Northwest Territory, it is the oldest University charter, chartered university in ...

, where in 1936 he became a naturalized American citizen. In 1942 he moved to the

University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson and contains his The Lawn, Academical Village, a World H ...

, where he remained for the rest of his academic career.

Research

From 1934 to 1936 Carrière made a series of research trips to Old Mines,

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

, where he collected folksongs and tales from 600 French-speaking families. The majority of the folktales he collected, were told by a French-speaking barite miner called Joseph Ben Coleman. Based on his research, Carrière published ''Tales from the French folk-lore of Missouri'' (1937). The book rendered the tales in Creole dialect, and analyzed them by Aarne tale type and motif. In 1981, the tales were republished by Rosemary Hyde Thomas, with English translations. An edition of Carrière French transcription work, which cites the storytelling of

Joseph Groulx Joseph Groulx (c.1884 – ?), was a Franco-Ontarian storyteller from Tecumseh, Ontario, an area of Southwestern Ontario with a small, French-speaking minority. Claimed significance of Groulx's work In 1940, he reportedly assisted a French-langu ...

, of

Tecumseh Tecumseh ( ; (March 9, 1768October 5, 1813) was a Shawnee chief and warrior who promoted resistance to the Territorial evolution of the United States, expansion of the United States onto Native Americans in the United States, Native American ...

, was published in 2005.

Honours

Carrière was a member of the

American Folklore Society The American Folklore Society (AFS) is the United States (US)-based professional association for folklorists, with members from the US, Canada, and around the world, which aims to encourage research, aid in disseminating that research, promote t ...

and served as the Society's president from 1946 to 1947. Carrière was awarded a Medal de L’Academie Française in 1948 and he received the French title of Chevalier de la Legion d’Honneur in 1950. Carrière's papers are kept in the archives of

Université Laval (; English: ''Laval University)'' is a public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The university traces its roots to the Séminaire de Québec, founded by François de Montmorency-Laval in 1663, making it the oldest institutio ...

Selected publications

Fucilla, Joseph G; Carrière, Joseph Médard (1935). ''D'Annunzio abroad: a bibliographical essay''. New York: Columbia University.

OCLC OCLC, Inc. See also: is an American nonprofit cooperative organization "that provides shared technology services, original research, and community programs for its membership and the library community at large". It was founded in 1967 as the ...

637029505. Carrière, Joseph Médard (1937).
Tales from the French folk-lore of Missouri
' Northwestern University Studies in the Humanities, No. 1. Evanston: Northwestern University. Carrière, J.-M. (1937). "Indian and Creole Barboka, American Barbecue". ''Language''. 13 (2): 148–150. doi:10.2307/408723.

ISSN An International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) is an eight-digit to uniquely identify a periodical publication (periodical), such as a magazine. The ISSN is especially helpful in distinguishing between serials with the same title. ISSNs a ...

0097-8507. Fucilla, Joseph Guerin; Carrière, Joseph Médard (1938). ''Italian criticism of Russian literature''. Columbus: H.L. Hedrick.

977099177. Carrière, J.-M. (1939). "Creole Dialect of Missouri". ''American Speech''. 14 (2): 109–119. doi:10.2307/451217.

0003-1283. Hocking, Elton; Carrière, Joseph Médard (1940). ''Transition to reading and writing French''. New York: Rinehart & Co.

19870536. Carrière, J.-M. (1941). "The Phonology of Missouri French: A Historical Study". ''The French Review''. 14 (5): 410–415.

0016-111X. Carrière, J.-M. (1941). "The Phonology of Missouri French: A Historical Study (Continued)". ''The French Review''. 14 (6): 510–515.

0016-111X. Claudel, Calvin; Carrière, J.-M. (1943). "Three Tales from the French Folklore of Louisiana". ''The Journal of American Folklore''. 56 (219): 38–44. doi:10.2307/535913.

0021-8715. Carrière, Joseph Médard (1960). "Early Examples of the Expressions ``American Language ''and ``Langue Américaine''". ''Modern Language Notes''. 75 (6): 485–488. doi:10.2307/3040333.

0149-6611.

References

External links

Donald Deschênes & Marcel Bénéteau, Contes du Détroit, Éditions Prise de parole, 2005
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carriere, Joseph 1902 births 1970 deaths Franco-Ontarian people Canadian academics Canadian folklorists Presidents of the American Folklore Society University of Virginia faculty Université Laval alumni Marquette University alumni Harvard University alumni Northwestern University faculty