Joseph Albert Pease, 1st Baron Gainford (17 January 1860 – 15 February 1943), known as Jack Pease, was a British businessman and Liberal Party (UK), Liberal politician. He was a member of H. H. Asquith's Liberal Government 1905–1915, Liberal cabinet between 1910 and 1916 and also served as Chairman of the BBC between 1922 and 1926.

Background and education

Pease was born in Darlington, County Durham (a member of the Pease family (Darlington), Darlington Peases), the second and youngest son of Sir Joseph Pease, 1st Baronet, of Hutton Hall, Guisborough, and Mary, daughter of Alfred Fox. He was the younger brother of Sir Alfred Pease, 2nd Baronet, the nephew of Arthur Pease (MP), Arthur Pease and the first cousin of Sir Arthur Pease, 1st Baronet, and Herbert Pease, 1st Baron Daryngton. He was educated at Grove House School, a Quaker school, and at Trinity College, Cambridge.

Political career

Pease served as Mayor of Darlington from 1889 to 1890. He was elected Member of Parliament for Tyneside (UK Parliament constituency), Tyneside in 1892, a seat he held until 1900. He contested and won a by-election for Saffron Walden (UK Parliament constituency), Saffron Walden in May 1901, and represented that constituency until 1910, and Rotherham (UK Parliament constituency), Rotherham between 1910 and 1916. He was private secretary (unpaid) to John Morley, the Chief Secretary for Ireland, between 1893 and 1895 and a junior opposition whip (politics), whip between 1897 and 1905. When the Liberals came to power in 1905 under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Pease was appointed a Junior Lord of the Treasury (government whip). After H. H. Asquith became Prime Minister in 1908 he was promoted to Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury (Chief Whip) and sworn of the Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, Privy Council. In 1910 he entered Asquith's cabinet as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, a post he held until 1911, and then served under Asquith as Secretary of State for Education and Skills, President of the Board of Education between 1911 and 1915 and as United Kingdom Postmaster General, Postmaster-General in 1916. In 1917 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Gainford, of Headlam in the County of Durham. He served on the Claims Commission in France in 1915 and between 1917 and 1920 and in Italy between 1918 and 1919 and was also a Deputy Lieutenant of County Durham and a Justice of the Peace for County Durham and the North Riding of Yorkshire.

Business career

Apart from his political career Pease was Deputy Chairman of the Durham Coal Owners Association and vice-chairman of the Durham District Board (under the Coal Mines Act 1930), a director of Pease and Partners Ltd and other colliery companies, Chairman of Durham Coke Owners, director of the County of London Electric Supply Company, Chairman of South London Electric Supply Corporation, of the Tees Fishery Board, and of the Trustees of the Bowes Museum. In 1922 he was appointed Chairman of the British Broadcasting Company Ltd, a post he held until its dissolution and replacement by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) on 31 December 1926, and was vice-chairman of the Board of Governors of the BBC until 1932. From 1927 to 1928 he was President of Federation of British Industry.

Papers

Lord Gainford's papers are deposited in Nuffield College, Oxford and consist of diaries, scrap books, press cuttings, correspondence, domestic papers, political papers, official papers, claims commission papers and BBC papers. The main part of the Pease diaries cover the years 1908–1915 and a volume dealing with the years 1908–1910 have been published by Cameron Hazlehurst and Christine Woodland as ''A Liberal Chronicle: Journals and Papers of J A Pease, 1908–1910''; The Historians Press, London, 1994.

Family

Lord Gainford married Ethel, daughter of Sir Henry Havelock-Allan, 1st Baronet, in 1886. They had one son, Joseph Pease, 2nd Baron Gainford, Joseph, and two daughters, Miriam and Faith (who married Michael Wentworth Beaumont and was the mother of Lord Beaumont of Whitley). Lady Gainford died in October 1941. Lord Gainford survived her by two years and died in February 1943, aged 83. He was succeeded in the barony by his son, Joseph. The family seat was Headlam Hall, Co Durham.

Arms

References

*''Joseph Albert Pease'', by Cameron Hazlehurst in ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', OUP 2004–09.

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Pease, Jack 1st Baron Gainford 1860 births, Gainford, Joseph Pease, 1st Baron 1943 deaths, Gainford, Joseph Pease, 1st Baron Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, Gainford, Joseph Pease, 1st Baron BBC governors British Secretaries of State for Education Chairmen of the BBC Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster, Gainford, Joseph Pease, 1st Baron Deputy lieutenants of Durham Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies, Pease, Joseph Mayors of places in North East England Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, Gainford, Joseph Pease, 1st Baron Pease family, Jack People from Darlington People from County Durham UK MPs 1892–1895, Pease, Joseph Albert UK MPs 1895–1900, Pease, Joseph Albert UK MPs 1900–1906, Pease, Joseph Albert UK MPs 1906–1910, Pease, Joseph Albert UK MPs 1910, Pease, Joseph Albert UK MPs 1910–1918, Pease, Joseph Albert UK MPs who were granted peerages Postmasters general of the United Kingdom, Gainford, Joseph Albert Pease, 1st Baron Younger sons of baronets Barons created by George V