Josef Leopold Zvonař (22 January 1824 – 23 November 1865) was a Czech composer, pedagogue, and music critic.

Life and career

Zvonař was born in Kublov, studied at the organ school in Prague with Pitsch, and worked as an assistant teacher and organist there; he was briefly the school's director. In 1860 he became director of Žofín Academy, a woman's music school. He died in

Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...

. Some of his early music is set to

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

texts, but after 1848 he aligned himself with

Czech nationalism Czech nationalism is a form of nationalism which asserts that Czechs are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Czechs. Modern Czech nationalism arose in the 19th century in the form of the Czech National Revival. In 1848, Czech nationalism ...

. His reviews of music appeared in ''Dalibor'' and ''Slavoj''. He was a co-founder of the ''Hlahol'' choral society and the ''Umělecká Beseda'', an artists' union. He may have taught

Antonín Dvořák Antonín Leopold Dvořák ( ; ; 8September 18411May 1904) was a Czech composer. He frequently employed rhythms and other aspects of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia, following the Romantic-era nationalist example of his predec ...

. Zvonař composed overtures, chamber music, cantatas, an opera entitled ''Záboj'', a requiem, and piano works, and his manuscripts are held at the National Museum in Prague. His songs were popular in his lifetime. However, he his best remembered as an educator; he was the author of the first history of Czech music, ''Dějiny české hudby'' (1860), as well as the first

Czech language Czech ( ; ), historically known as Bohemian ( ; ), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group, written in Latin script. Spoken by over 12 million people including second language speakers, it serves as the official language of the ...

harmony treatise, ''Navedení k snadnému potřebných kadencí skládání'' (1859). His papers on Czech folk music were among the earliest founding documents of study in the field. His name was often published as Leopold Zwonar, or similarly, in his day.

Works

''Theory and pedagogy:'' *''Varhanictví, umění učitelské'' (Organology, the Art of Teaching) (1858) *''Navedení k snadnému potřebných kadencí skládání'' (Instructions to the Easy Composing of Needed Cadenzas) (1859) *''Návod zpěvu, ohledem na národní školy'' (Instruction of Singing with Respect to the National Schools) (1860) *''Základy harmonie a zpěvu s příslušným navedením pro učitele hudby vůbec a národních kol zvláště'' (1861) *''Listy ředitelům zpěváckých sborů'' (1862-1863) *''Slovo o příčině nedostatku hudebně vzdělaných mladých učitelů'' (1863) *''Hudební vychovávání'' (Musical Education) (1863-1864) *''Příspěvky k vědomostem varhanickým'' (1864) *''Slovo hudebním učňům...'' (1865) *''Příruční knížka při vyučování zpěvu pro I. tř. městské dívčí školy'' (1866, 1870) ''Folk songs:'' *''České národní písně'' (Czech National Folk Songs) (1859) *''Slovo o českých národních písních'' (A Word about Czech National Folk Songs) (1860) *''Zkumné příspěvky ku poznání povahy a ducha české hudby, čerpané z českých nár. písní duchovních i světských'' (Explorational Contributions to the Cognition of the Character and Spirit of the Czech Music, Acquired From the Czech Sacred and Secular National Folk Songs) (1863) ''History:'' *''Dějiny české hudby'' (History of the Czech Music) (1862) *''

Jan Křtitel Vaňhal Johann Baptist Wanhal (12 May 1739 – 20 August 1813) was a Czech composer of the Classical period. He was born in Nechanice, Bohemia, and died in Vienna. His music was well respected by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethove ...

'' (1859) *''Slovo o mších Tůmových'' (A Word about the Masses by Tůma) *''Hlídka po táboru hudby v Čechách'' (1861) *''Listy z dějin české hudby: I. Jan Trojan'' (1862) *''Václav Karel Holan Rovenský'' (1862) ''Selected compositions:'' ;Piano *''Bei Sonnenuntergang'', Op. 2 (impromptu, pub. 1854) *''Lorelei'', Op. 3 (Fantasiestück, pub. 1856) *''Sonata in F minor'', Op. 10 (1849, published by 1857) *''Grande Suite'', Op. 15 (1852, 1861) (1861 - piano 4 hands) *''Prelude et Fugue'' (pub. 1854) *Primula veris, Op. 27 (1857, published posth. 1871) *''Tonstück für Pf. in G major'', Op. 40 (1861, pub. 1865) *''Věneček aneb Robert'' Op. 17 (1861) ;Organ *''Šestero předeher'' (Six Pastoral Preludes; Sechs Pastoral-Präludien), Op. 12 (pub. 1858) *''Sedmero skladeb'' (Seven Organ Compositions), Op. 14 (pub. posth. 1886) *Pastorale and 2 Pastoral Preludes for Organ, Op. 15 (pub. 1860) *''Slavnostní předehra'' ("Alleluja") (Easter Overture), Op. 18 *''Album pro varhaníky'' (Album for Organists) ;Chamber *''Piano Trio in E major'', Op. 22 (1854) *''Piano Quintet'', Op. 24 (1855) *''String Quartet in B major'', Op. 31 (1857) ;Orchestral *''Overture in C minor'', Op. 9 (1848) *''Overture in D major'', Op. 23 (1855) *''Overture in C minor'', Op. 37 (1860) *''Overture in B major'' ;Vocal *''Varyto a lyra'' (1856) *''Zpěvy pro čtyři, tři i dva hlasy'' (Songs for Four, Three and Two Voices) (1862) *''Gesänge religiosen Anhälts'' for men's chorus Op. 17 (book 1 published 1860) *''Jaro lásky'' (Spring of Love) *''Mladý cikán'' (Young Gypsy) *''Kukačky'' (Cuckoos) (1858) *''Věneček rozmarýnový z ohlasů písní národních'' (1858) *''Vocal Mass in B minor'', Op. 49 *''Animas fidelium'' ;Cantatas *''Der Ritt zum Elfenstein'' : Ballad after a Swedish saga, for soloists, chorus and orchestra, Op. 26 (1857, published 1860) *Cantata No. 4 in E major (''Zdlouha, však ne příliš'')See . ;Opera *''

Záboj Záboj and Slavoj are two invented national heroes of the Czech past, two minstrel-warriors. They are found in Václav Hanka's spurious medieval Manuscripts of Dvůr Králové and of Zelená Hora, Manuscript of Dvůr Kralové, allegedly "discovered ...

'' (1859-1862) *''Lesní kaple'' (Forrest Chapel)

Notes

References

*Cerny/Ludvova, "Josef Leopold Zvonař". ''

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language '' Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart'', it is one of the largest reference works on the history and t ...

''. London: Macmillan, 2001.

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Zvonar, Josef Leopold 1824 births 1865 deaths Czech Romantic composers Czech composers Czech opera composers Czech male opera composers 19th-century Czech classical composers 19th-century Czech male musicians Composers from the Austrian Empire